Author :
Abstract
Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB), dikkat eksikliği ve aşırı ha-reketlilik gibi temel özelliklerle ortaya çıkar. İşitme kaybı da dikkat problemle-rine yol açabilir. Ancak, DEHB tanısı almış çocukların işitme işlevlerini detay-lı bir şekilde incelemiş araştırmalar mevcut değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı DEHB tanısı almış çocukların işitme özelliklerini incelemektir. Veriler, Con-ners’ Ana Baba Derecelendirme Ölçeği–Kısa Form (CADÖ–48), Conners’ Öğ-retmen Derecelendirme Ölçeği–Kısa Form (CÖDÖ–28), Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Davranım Bozuklukları için DSM-IV’e Dayalı Tarama ve Değerlendirme Öl-çeği (ÇEDBÖ) ve timpanometrik ve odyometrik işitsel değerlendirmeler vası-tasıyla toplanmıştır. Psikiyatri uzmanı tarafından yapılan görüşme sonucunda DEHB tanısı almış 6-18 yaş aralığındaki 33 hasta bu araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. 6 hastanın (%18) çok hafif/hafif derecede sağ kulağında işitme kaybı olduğu, 8 hastanın (%24) çok hafif/hafif derecede sol kulağında işitme kaybı olduğu ve 9 hastanın (%28) her iki kulakta da kulak zarı ve orta kulak da sorun olabileceğini düşündüren tip As timpanograma sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Böylelikle DEHB tanısı konulurken hastalara işitme değerlendir-melerinin yapılması gereklidir.
Keywords
Abstract
Objective. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by attention and hyperactivity problems. Hearing loss can also cause concentration difficulties. However, there is no study which investigated in detail auditory characteristics of children with ADHD. The aim of the study was to investigate the auditory characteristics of children with ADHD. Method. The data were gathered through Conners’ Parent Rating Scale–Short Form (CPRS-48), Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale–Short Form (CTRS-28) and DSM-IV Based Screening and Rating Scale for Identifying Behaviour Disorders among Children and Adolescents and audiological assessments including tympanometrical and audiometrical assessments. The sample consisted of 33 patients aged 6 to 18 who were diagnosed as having ADHD during the psychiatric interview. Findings. The results showed that 6 (%18) patients had very mild/mild hearing loss in the right ear, 8 (%24) patients had very mild/mild hearing loss in the left ear and 9 (%28) patients had Tip As tympanogram in both ears suggesting problems in the tympanic membrane or middle ear pathology. Discussion. While making a diagnosis of ADHD, it is necessary to undertake audiological assessments.
Keywords
- Ashitani M, Ueno C and Doi T et al. (2011) Clinical features of functional hearing loss within attention problem in Japanese children. Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 75: 1431-1435.
- Barkley RA (1998) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Scientific Am 279: 66-71.
- Biederman J (2004) Impact of comorbidity in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disor- der. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 65: 3-7.
- Blanchard M, Thierry B and Marlin S et al. (2012) Genetic aspects of congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 19: 886-889.
- Conners CK (1973) Psychological assessment of children with minimal brain dysfunction. An- nals of New York Academy of Science 28: 283-302.
- Conners CK (1969) A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children. American Jour- nal of Psychiatry 126: 884-888.
- Dereboy C, Sener S and Dereboy F (1995) Conners Teacher Rating Scale’s Turkish adaptation. Children and Youth Mental Health Journal 4: 10–18. (Originally published in Turkish).
- Ersan EE, Dogan O and Dogan S et al. (2004) The distribution of symptoms of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in school age children in Turkey. European Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 13: 354-361.
- Greenhill LL (1998) Diagnosing in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59: 31-41.
- Grundfast KM, Berkowitz RG and Conners CK (1991) Complete evaluation of the child identi- fied as a poor listener. Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 21: 65-78.
- Kucur C, Kınıs V and Ozdem S (2012) Zeynep Kamil Woman and Childhood Illnesses Educa- tion and Research Hospital newborn audiological screening findings Otorhinolaryngology Specialty Journal 22: 38-42. (Originally published in Turkish).
- Leung AK and Kao CP (1999) Evaluation and management of the child with speech delay. American Family Physician 59: 3121-3128.
- Matas CG, Goncalves IC and Magliaro FC (2009) Audiologic and electro physiologic evalua- tion in children with psychiatric disorders. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 75: 130-138.
- Murphy CFB, Rotger AGA and Schochat E (2010) Hearing abilities in children with dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pró-FonoRevista Atualização Científica 22: 25-30.
- Ozalp A (2006) Hiperactivity, Concentration Difficulties, School Success, Child Psychology. Istanbul: Epsilon Publishing. (Originally published in Turkish).
- Ptok M (2011) Early detection of hearing impairment in newborns and infants. Deutsches Ärz- teblatt International 108: 426-431.
- Pundir M, Nagarkar AN and Panda NK (2007) Intervention strategies in children with Cochlear implants having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 71: 985-988.
- Schum R (2004) Psychological assessment of children with multiple handicaps who have hear- ing loss. Volta Review 104: 237-255.
- Schwemmle C, Schwemmle U and Ptok M (2007) Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder: what is currently known and its significance for ENT specialists. HNO 55: 569-574.
- Turgay A (1997) Classification, diagnosis and treatment innovations in youth. Agean Psychiatry Publications 2: 413–452. (Originally published in Turkish).
- Venkatesh C, Ravikumar T and Andal A. et al. (2012) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: clinical profile and co-morbidity. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine 34: 34-38.
- Wilens TE, Biederman J and Spencer TJ (2002) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder across the life span. Annual Review of Medicine 53: 113-131. Table 1: Demographic Characteristics of Patients Number Percentage (%)
