The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2019 Issue 90

THE INVESTIGATION OF THE SOCIAL ADAPTATION PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN IN SINGLE PARENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SCHOOL SOCIAL WORK

Ali Fuat ERSOY, Sıdıka BULUŞ — 2024-08-29

The family is a life center that contributes to the existence of the individual in this framework which enables the individual to develop mutual relations with the society and social environment. In parallel with the change and transformation process of societies, family structures were also greatly affected. As seen in many countries in recent years, there are also increases in the number of single-parent families in our country. Disruption of the equilibrium situation of the children in single parent families as a result of the problems in the family causes the behavior problems in this stage frequently and then it is faced with social adjustment problems. The aim of this study is to understand the necessity of social work practices of school, to identify the mechanisms leading to social adjustment problems experienced by single parent children, to help to create protective, preventive and developing applications for the child.

Evaluation of Groundwater in Terms of Agricultural Irrigation in Ahlat District

Necmettin ELMASTAŞ, Hurşit YETMEN , Sedat BENEK , Mehmet ÖZCANLI — 2024-08-29

Agricultural areas in Ahlat district situated in northwest of Van lake closed basin and which has semi-arid climate are among the most important agricultural areas of the basin. Recently the pattern of agricultural products has started to change. Research area has been limited by agricultural areas betwen Van Lake coast (149 meters) and 1900 meters. Samples from boreholes have been taken in order to determine the quality of underground water springs. Physical and chemical water quality parameters have been analyzed from these samples. In order to effectively analyze the underground water data geographic information systems have been used. The aim of this research is to determine the quality of underground waters in Ahlat district and by taking these quality parameters into account decrease the efficiency lose in agriculture.

THE IMPORTANCE OF CHAMBER MUSIC AND ORCHESTRA LESSONS IN THE TRAINING OF PROFESSIONAL MUSICIANS: A SAMPLE OF STRING CLASS

Melek GÖKÜSTÜN — 2024-08-29

This article analyzes the role and importance of chamber music and orchestra lessons in the improvement of the students'/musicians' performances in Departments of Stringed Instruments at State Conservatories. As is known, starting with the foundation of the Republic, State Conservatories, as institutions of musical training, have succesfully maintained their role in training qualified artists for the art of music. As far as the training of “performance artists” is concerned through vocational musicial education, not only individual instrument classes but also chamber music and orchestra classes play a significant part in the productivity and the success of prospective musicians. Firstly, problems attributable to students, instructors and institutions are specified. Then, solutions are offered to these problems through the use of observations that are carried out on musical communities at high schools and universities. In addition, readers are provided with brief descriptions of terms and concepts used in this field.

AN ASSESSMENT ON GLAZED TILE PROGRAMS APPLIED AT BLUE MOSQUE, ÜSKÜDAR TILED MOSQUE, YENİ MOSQUE AND HÜNKAR PAVILION AS WELL AS HATICE TURHAN SULTAN TOMB WHICH ARE RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES OF 17TH CENTURY

Mesude Hülya DOĞRU, Nur ÖZCAN — 2024-08-29

The tile art has a long-standing background. Main material of this art whose first examples began to be seen as from 9th century is terra; it finds its final shape by baking, glamourizing and glazing. The glazed tiles decorating walls in religious and civil architecture had been used for centuries as evani (cookware and bakeware) forms as well as being an aesthetic value. During the Anatolian Seljuk period, polygonal shaped tile boards and figures made with eggplant purple, navy blue, white, turquoise blue, glazed brick, monochrome glazed, mosaic, minai, luster, underglaze techniques were applied to architectural works by using geometric and rumi motifs. As from the last quarter of 11th century to the end of 13th century, this art which was seen the most improved examples produced by the Anatolian Seljuks had reached to its peak point with applications of underglaze tiles where vegetable, semi-stylized motifs, blue, red, green, turquoise and navy blue colors were used in 16th century when it was known that the Ottoman State was the most efficient in terms of the ornamentation arts. The tiles which were necessary for decoration of the religious and civil architectural buildings constructed in this period had been produced in Iznik. Iznik was no longer the only production center for economic reasons in the 17th century; Kütahya had started to produce tiles as the second most important production center. At this study, questions arising from the glazed tiles programs not coinciding with construction dates of the religious buildings constructed in 17th century and reviewed in scope of intentional example, the glazed tile centers of the products, quality differences in workmanship and production of the tiles, completing of empty parts of the walls with other glazed tiles after restoration of the said buildings or stealing of glazed tiles will be evaluated under the subject.

SOME DETERMINATIONS IN GEYVE REGION’S TURKISH FOLK MUSIC

Sertan DEMİR — 2024-08-29

Geyve is a county that is within the borders of Sakarya. Geyve is a transition point that has combined the history with geographical importance. Being close to some locations such as Bursa-İznik-Bolu-İstanbul increases the significance culturally. There are 7 folk songs being registered from Sakarya in the Turkish Folk Music Repertoire of Turkish Radio and Television Association (TRT). The fact of being registered 5 of these 7 folk songs from Geyve reveals its importance in terms of music culture. We compiled 20 folk songs as a result of field studies done in different dates. Compiled folk songs were analyzed in varied aspects. We aimed to show the musical structure of Geyve and compare them with other regions in consequence of our studies. Personal interviews, field studies and literature review are used methods in this study.

ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF A KYRGYZ VERSION OF THE CONFLICT COMMUNICATION SCALE

Hasan Yılmazyaşar, Cıldız MAMIROVA — 2024-08-29

Конфликт түшүнүгү башка бирөө менен бирдей пикирде болбоо, чечим чыгаруу кыйынчылыгы, жетишсиз коммуникация, ой-пикирлердин келишпестиги, күч жана түшүнбөстүктү билдиргени менен жаратмандык жана конструктивдик иш-аракеттин булагы болуп, жаңылануу, өнүгүү жана бар болуунун негизги шарттарынын бири катары эсептелет. Жашоонун бардык тармагына тиешелүү болгондугу үчүн инсан аралык конфликт чечүү ыкмалары коомдук илимдерде көптөгөн изилдөөнүн предмети болуп келген. Акыркы жылдары илим жана билим берүү чөйрөсүндө дагы дүйнөгө шайкеш келүүгө аракет кылган кыргыз коомчулугунда олуттуу өксүктөрдүн бири илим изилдөөдө берилиш (маалымат) топтоо жаатында валиддүү жана ишенимдүү өлчөө каражаттарынын жокко эсе болушу. Бул изилдөө иши коомдук илимдердин дээрлик бардык салаасында конфликт чечүү боюнча жасала турган изилдөөлөрдө колдоно ала тургандай өлчөө каражатын кыргыз маданиятына киргизүү максатын көздөйт.Изилдөө ишинде бир маданиятта иштелип чыккан өлчөгүч каражатты (шкаланы) башка маданиятка ылайыкташтыруу иши талап кылган процедуралар аткарылган. Тагыраак айтканда, өлчөгүчтүн түп нускасын адаптациялоо уруксаты алынып, котормо иштери жүргүзүлүп, бул котормолордун ишенимдүүлүгү боюнча тиешелүү анализдер жасалган. Эксплоратордук жана конфирматордук фактор анализдери үчүн ылайык үлгү топ аныкталып алып, түзүлгөн моделдер тиешелүү статистикалык ыкмалар менен сыноодон өткөн. Бул изилдөөдө үч башка үлгү топтон маалымат алынган. Биринчи үлгү топ котормонун ишенимдүүлүгүн сыноо максатында түзүлгөн. Экинчи топ эксплоратордук фактор анализин жүргүзүү үчүн жана үчүнчү топ конфирматордук фактор анализине берилиш чогултуу максатында түзүлгөн. Бул үч топ жалпысынан 804 кишиден турат. Изилдөө иштеринин натыйжасында “Инсан аралык конфликт чечүү стратегиялары” шкаласынын кыргызча версиясынын жүктөрү алган маанилер “Беттешүү” параметри боюнча 0.740 – 0.903, “Коомдук же жеке жорук” параметри боюнча 0.828 – 0.929, “Эмоциялык билдирүү” параметри 0.677 – 0.870, “Жандоо же качуу” параметри 0.574 – 0.854 жана “Өзүн ачуу” параметри боюнча 0.623 – 0.806 болгондугу аныкталган. Шкаланын кыргызча версиясынын шайкештик сапатын анализдөөнүн натыйжасында хи-квадрат 275.169, эркиндик даражасы 171 (p<.000); хи-квадрат/эркиндик даражасы = 1.609; салыштырмалуу шайкештик индекстери NFI 0.953, TLI 0.962, IFI 0.968, RMSEA 0.023, GFI 0.950, AGFI 0.954 жана RMR 0.033 көрсөткүчтөрү аныкталган. “Инсан аралык конфликт чечүү стратегиялары” шкаласынын кыргызча версиясынын Кронбахтын альфа критерийи боюнча ички ырааттуулук коэффициенти болсо беш параметр боюнча 0.903төн 0.964кө чейинки маанилерди алгандыгы аныкталган. Алынган натыйжалардын негизинде “Инсан аралык конфликт чечүү стратегиялары” шкаласынын кыргызча версиясы кыргыз педагог-изилдөөчүлөрдүн колдонуусуна татыктуу валиддүү жана ишенимдүү каражат экендигин айта алабыз.

EVALUATION OF ABU'L-FETH AL-AZDI AL-MAWSILI (D. 374/985) AND THE WORKS ON THE AL-ASMA WA’L-KUNA

Mehmet Sait UZUNDAĞ — 2024-08-29

In Hadith books, the narrations were accompanied by synludes containing the names and names of the ravians. Therefore, a healthy evaluation of the narratives depends on the recognition of the ravi’s. ravians are known and advertised in various ways. Some of the ravians are known only by the name or the name, and some by the name and the name. The mention of a ravis known by its name or the name of a ravians known by its name can lead to confusion. Therefore, the similarity between the names and the texts caused difficulties in the evaluation of the senes and caused some mistakes. This field has been studied since the first semesters. One of the writers of this work is Muhammad b. Huseyn b. Ahmad al-Azdi al-Mawsili (d. 374/985). Abu'l-Feth is a memory of Hadith,was born in Mosul and lived in Baghdad. Abu’l-Feth, whom some scholars regard as a weak companion, was accused of inventing the hadith and acquiring worldliness in the face of it. Hatîb al-Baghdâdī tells that there are rumors and rumors among the narrations of Abu'l-Feth, while Zehebî, who gives an example to the narrations of munkers, states that those who see him weak at a later date are not right. The Musul scholars, did not care about him, was criticized for his misrepresentation in his work on the weak a ravians. Signed many works, mostly in the field of arts and sciences. There is also a work by which some of the names and narrations of Abu'l-Feth’s well-known figures are mentioned. The name of this work we are talking about is "Esmâü Men Yu’refu Bikünyetihi Min Ashabi Resulillahi Sallallahü Aleyhi ve Sellem". In this work he gives information about the names and names of the sahabin and about the narrations of some of them. We intend to the method that our author follows in this work, and to reach a consensus by making evaluations on it.

SEMIOTIC SOLUTION OF CODES ON THE CITY IN BURHAN DOĞANÇAY PAINTING

Muteber BURUNSUZ — 2024-08-29

In the contemporary Turkish painting, in the 1950s, abstractist tendencies and in the 1970s and 1980s, more individual tendencies prevailed. Burhan Doğançay, who has taken its place among these original trends; different expressions of language and material possibilities intuitively created the works that convey the internal reflection of society. The mass culture, ideologies, consumption, aesthetic perceptions of the city and the city were followed by a more experimental and cumulative process. In this process, the artist supported the observations and formations of the walls with collages. This language, which is minimal and realistic, is sometimes supported by conceptual objects. The accumulations on the walls, socio-political influences, posters contain different indicators that are articulated on top of the base with natural changes and time effects. This accumulation creates technical richness in the experimental sense and meets the audience in public space. In this study, the changes that Burhan Doğançay's works show through time are solved through fictional relations and technical and social and individual codes. It has been observed that the artist created different series by experimenting with new variations of the material during the formation process of his works. In the series of urban walls, ribbons and cones, it was concluded that the language of discourse, symmetry, contrast, and minimal features, together with the material, changed the language of expression and formed a more abstract and simple language of discourse.

FIGURE UNDERSTANDING IN ANATOLIAN SELJUCKS AND USE OF HUMAN BODY IN PAINTING ART

F.Emel ERTÜRK — 2024-08-29

It is known that drawing of human figure dates back to prehistoric ages and it is as old as known human history. Because of human drawings have some significant variances between them, from primitive art, Ancient Greek to today’s drawings, they include some important data. Today, human body as a part of nature is respected as the best example for balance and harmony. Although, as it is known, all artists filter what they see or design with their own visual perception, they convey them within social understanding. Briefly, picture/painting which varies from society to society and period to period can be defined as a tool for expression, interpretation, enlightenment, manifestation, representation, portrayal and explanation. In Turkish society, desire for painting, especially painting with human figures has been continuing for centuries. Turks, starting to settle in Anatolia since the mid-XI. century, produce artworks by combining the art which they brought from Middle Asia with the art that has been present in Anatolia for millenniums. With the presence of Seljuk Turks in Anatolia, plenty of documental artwork containing plant, animal and human figures are introduced as first examples of Anatolian painting art. “Varka and Gülşah” which dates back to beginnings of XIII. century, composed of 71 miniatures, designed as horizontal stripes and expressing love and heroism is one of the most important artworks reflecting the style of Seljuk painting. It is found important to research painting style of miniatures, representation of figures within perspective of color and composition understanding and figure proportions in this significant artwork, and thus, these research areas constitute main objective of this study.

AN EVALUATION ON THE IMPORTANCE OF NEW MEDIA LITERACY

Mustafa İNCE — 2024-08-29

Nowadays, individuals are exposed to media messages intensively and have been shaping their lives according to the information they get from the media. For this reason, a (cognitive) filter has become a necessity for the messages coming from the media to be perceived correctly. In order to do this, it is necessary to read the media correctly, which is called media literacy. Media literacy can be explained as the ability of mass media to receive, understand and evaluate messages of different formats and features. Media literacy gives the person the ability to use media, to understand media messages correctly, to be in control against the messages and to protect himself from harmful content. The new media is a channel where information pollution is very much experienced because each user is also in a publishing position. In these new communication channels, which are becoming increasingly widespread and more and more users are involved, people are more likely to suffer. It is therefore essential to ensure that individuals are not harmed by these environments. This study aims to evaluate the importance of new media literacy in terms of individual and social aspects.

A COMPARISON OF ITEM DIFFICULTY LEVELS PERCEIVED IN TERMS OF CLASSIFICATION JURISDICTIONS AND ITEM DIFFICULTY LEVELS CALCULATED ACCORDING TO CLASSICAL TEST THEORY

Metin YAŞAR — 2024-08-29

In this study, it was examined whether the item difficulty levels perceived according to the classification judgments of the items included in the 19-item multiple-choice teacher-making achievement test used in the mid-term and final exams in the education faculties, and the item difficulty levels calculated according to the classical test theory differs by the respondents Findings revealed that the level of item difficulty calculated according to the Classical Test Theory of both the mid-term and final exam results and the item difficulty levels perceived according to the classification judgments differed considerably. It was found that the difficulty levels of the items in the A and B forms of the achievement test differed. In addition, the relationship between the difficulty levels of the items according to both methods was examined in this study. The item difficulty levels in both the mid-term and the final exams showed a significant positive correlation between the two methods, whereas the item obtained from both methods showed a negatively low correlation between the difficulty levels.

TERRACOTTA ARMY: UNDERGROUND WARRIORS

Metin ŞEN — 2024-08-29

The soil soldiers or another name of them which is known as Terra Cotta army exist in the first Chinese emperor Qin Shi Huang’s grave. These sculptures were made in 210 B.C and a Chinese farmer found these in the state of Shaanxi, close to Xian in China, at the year of 1974. This Terra Cotta army looks exactly like the mood in stand by for the war. 70 warriors occur 3 initial troops of the army. They bear bows and arrows, back of them also they wear munition bags which they mirror us the realism. Follow them, there are 40 cavalry men, soldiers and the chariots which stands on with 4 horses per each. Under the whole this layout, we faces out the brave soldiers, steeds and the success of Chinese dynasty. The discovery of terra cotta warriors and horses is one of the biggest invention in 20th century. All of these soldiers are completely different from each other. The weights, lengths, faces, hands and legs look like a real army in the real world. There are almost over 7000 scupltures in the museum and the excavation is also progressing today.

OPINIONS OF CLASSROOM TEACHER CANDIDATES ON THE COURSE OF VISUAL ARTS TEACHING (THE GİRESUN UNIVERSITY EXAMPLE)

Elif MAMUR YILMAZ — 2024-08-29

This study aims to provide a qualitative description of the attitudes of classroom teaching students enrolled at the course of visual arts teaching towards this course, seeking an answer to the wuestion of what attitudes classroom teacher candidates have towards the visual arts course. The study group consisted of 123 classroom teacher candidates. Data were cllected through the use of "Student Interview Form", as a semi-structured tool for the purposes of the study. The answer provided by the students to each of the interview wuestions were anlyzed through content analysis, transcribed, and data were digitized. Frequency distribution was used for the numerical analysis of the data. The study was tested for validity and reliability by the researcher and three experts. As a result of the research, it was found out that they found that they relieved their concerns and enjoyed the activities. ın the sama way, it is seen that gaining experience about different visual expression techniques, gaining experience in the development of children's paintings and interpreting children's pictures are the most emphasized subjects.

ATTİLA İLHAN’S ANALYSIS OF MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK

Yaşar ÖZKANDAŞ — 2024-08-29

Attila İlhan has long held the view that Turkey’s fundamental problems can be resolved through an examination of its recent history, which is why he has studied with great fervor the last two centuries in the history of the country. Addressing the question of whether the transition from the late period Ottoman Empire to the era of the Turkish Republic constitu-ted a continuity or a rupture, he has raised harsh criticisms of the reforms brought in by the Tanzimat (Reorganization) and the İttihat ve Terakki (Committee of Union and Prog-ress) period. Attila İlhan argues insistently that the opposition to Western cultural policies, the anti-imperialist stance and the search for a regime based on a civil, free and democratic society brought by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’s revolution marked a deeply-rooted break from the country’s prior history. He claims further that these fundamental characteristics of the Kemalist period began to erode at the end of the 1930s. The central perspective expressed in his works is that following Atatürk’s death, Turkey fell under the tutelage of a Western-centered imperialist system, with internal politics veering towards totalitarian ten-dencies, and military coups further reinforcing this situation. Such opinions have pitted Attila İlhan against the views and theses supported by Mete Tunçay and İdris Küçükömer, while also distancing him from the leftist-oriented Kemalism followed by Doğan Avcıoğlu.

EVALUATION OF PARTICIPATION BANKING FUND RAISING-UTILIZATION METHODS AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO TURKEY ECONOMY

Erdal ARSLAN, Fatma AKACAN — 2024-08-29

In this study, which examined the fund raising-utilization methods and contribution of participation banking in Turkey's economy, participation banks are seen both in their systems and in the traditional banking system, that they provide an important contribution to macroeconomics. In particular, participation banks contribute to the revival of the real economy within the scope of real activities and projects. In addition, Participation Banks provide various contributions to the economy in order to prevent resource waste and resource shortages, to include savings into the system, to reduce financing costs and to increase employment, to contribute to the development of competition, to prevent tax losses. It is observed that the participation banks, which contribute to the real economy in an increasing manner in terms of the funds they use, are low on the basis of profit-loss. Participation banks cannot use all of the funding instruments developed in accordance with Islamic references to serve the basic purposes of Islamic economic understanding. Thus, participation banks, the real sector of Turkey's economy can not achieve the expected real contribution yet.

THE EFFECT OF GREEN ADVERTISEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS ON GREEN PRODUCT PURCHASE

Sibel AYDOĞAN, Nurşah DİNAR — 2024-08-29

With the increasing consumption of natural resources due to unconscious consumption in the world and the start of environmental problems, the government, various organizations and the media have begun to give more space to the environment. As a result of changes in consumer behavior, businesses have begun to integrate both production and marketing activities into this understanding. Advertising is defined as green advertising, which means that the business adopts a green lifestyle, does not harm the environment in its products and services, and works to improve the environment. This study examines whether green advertising and environmental awareness, which is one of the green marketing activities, is an influence on the green product purchasing activity. 405 participants in Istanbul province were reached by convenience sampling method. As a result of the study, it was seen that green advertising affected the intention to buy green. In addition, demographic differences were tested on green product purchasing and gender differences were found.

ANALYSIS OF THE POSTERS OF THE SICCIN FILMS FOR COLOR, COMPOSITION AND PHOTOGRAPHY USAGE

Itır TOKDEMİR ÖZÜDOĞRU — 2024-08-29

The art products that triggered a sense of fear have been the subject of many artists since the first examples of art, and with the increasing interest of the audience up to the present day, it has become a sub-genre not only in cinema but also in the whole art. Horror films, which have an important place among the cinema types, have a considerable amount of viewers all over the world. Although it does not appeal to a wide audience as in other cinema genres, it is followed by a loyal audience and interest by the younger generation. The posters of this genre are produced with unique styles and codes. The horror film posters that considered within the scope of the cultural posters, follow the general graphic design rules, but also contain references reflecting the general atmosphere of the subject of the genre. While the first period Turkish horror movie posters generally have illustrative approaches, photographic narration has been used more in the following periods, it is observed to be very high. In the photographic narratives, the compositions with high symmetry perception are generally used. Emphasis is captured in typography by applying white or red accent on dark ground. The Siccin series, directed by Alper Mestçi, are important works for Turkish horror cinema. With the usage of concepts such as genie and magic, which have important place in Turkish culture, the series creates a unique perspective. The film posters of this series were examined in terms of color, composition, typography and visual use.

OTTOMAN-GREEK NAVY CONFLICT: SULTAN OSMAN AND REŞADIYE SHIPS

Özlem YILDIRIM KIRIŞ — 2024-08-29

In this study, the activities and competition to increase the naval power between the Ottoman Empire and Greece were evaluated before the First World War. We tried to contribute to the subject of working with the archives of the period, archive documents and copyright researches. In the early 1900s, the world's most powerful states were the ones which have the most powerful navies. The battles such as the Ottoman-Russian War, the Balkan Wars, the Tripoli War, and the Ottoman Empire in the last period of the Ottoman Empire showed that the biggest coup began to come from the sea. The defeat in the Balkan War made the Ottoman Empire feel a strong need for navy. The Navy Association was established for this purpose and carried out the ship purchase activities with the donations collected from the public. In 1911, Reşadiye battleship was ordered to Vickers Company in England and Vasıf Bey had been appointed as commander of the ship. Two armored Fatih and Sultan Osman were added to the order given to England in 1912. In this period, a battleship had already been ordered by Brazil from Armstrong, which was located in New Castel in England. Brazil did not pay the money and give up getting the ship named Rio De Janerio, when the Ottoman government asked for the ship and named it as Sultan Osman. An agreement was made in 1914 and 1912 for the reintegration of Reşadiye and Sultan Osman battleships in 1914. The Ottoman Empire asked the British military engineers to report for ships through Tevfik Pasha, but the UK had delayed the delivery of ships with various excuses. Against this attack of the Ottoman Empire, Greece had also taken action to buy two battleships from America. The Greek government had tried to strengthen its position against the Ottomans by purchasing two ships, namely, İdahu and the Mississippi. He also ordered the dreadnought named Selamin from Germany. On August 1, 1914, the Ottoman Empire sent the last installment of the ships, which were gathered with a thousand difficulties from the people through the embassy. When the Austro-Hungarian heir in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914 was killed by a Serb, this incident led to the beginning of the First World War. Upon this development, the British government announced the seizure of these ships, which were ordered by the Ottoman Empire. Not only these two ships, but also the other equipment, which was agreed and not yet purchased, were announced by the British government. Although this situation was protested by the Ottoman Empire, no result could be obtained. Despite the fact that the war had not actually emerged and declared neutral, the Ottoman Empire was subjected to a negative diplomatic policy against the states such as Russia, England, USA and Greece. In this process, the two ships that were paid in advance for the reinforcement of the naval power and especially the naval power of the Ottoman Empire were not returned with various excuses.

CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE CONTEXT OF IDENTITY DISCUSSIONS

Aytuğ MERMER ÜZÜMLÜ — 2024-08-29

While the world leads individuals to simulate to adapt them to the social space on the one hand, on the other hand, it leaves individuals who are similar to "shine" in order to reveal their uniqueness. This situation presents a new project area for individuals who are looking for their identity, who are not satisfied with their identity or who want to build their identity in a suitable environment. On the other hand, the concept of civil society that has survived from centuries ago, when the civilian and the political have not yet made a distinction, has witnessed the use of civil society members and citizens in the same meaning over the ages. In other words, individuals come together for a better life in matters such as property, liberty, and administration, and today means civil society. But during the time period that dates back to the ages, this area was now referred to as the state. The concept of civil society therefore creates a paradox in many societies, with both semantic and functional differences that vary according to the level of democratization. The aim of the study is to clarify the mentioned concepts and to reveal the relational connections between them. In this respect, in the first part of the study, the concept of identity is framed by the historical transformation of the concept, the concepts of individual and collective identity, concepts of civil and political identity and similarities. In the second chapter, the concept of identity is discussed with the scale ranging from difference to otherness. In the third chapter, the relationship between the concept of identity and the civil society area has been evaluated in the plane of expansions and limitations, the study was finished with the conclusion section of the general evaluation.

DETERMINATION AND EVALUATION OF HADITHS IN THE “KUTUB-I TIS’A” THAT ARE THOUGHT TO BE RELATED TO KHARIJITES

Süleyman ÇAM — 2024-08-29

The aim of this article is to determine the hadiths, which are supposed to be related to the Kharijites, based on basic hadith sources such as “Kutub-i Tis’a” (nine books). In the research, after giving brief information about Kharijites in the introduction part of the subject, their point of view to the Prophet and the understanding of hadith have been put forward. Later on, Kutub-i Tis ’a, which was accepted by the Islamic society, have been examined whether there were hadiths about the Kharijites. If there were, it has been examined whether the hadiths were made up by the Kharijites or were made up against them by their opponents. In this context, the narrations that were supposed to be related to the Kharijites in Kutub-i Tis’a have been studied one by one and analyzed under certain headings. These hadiths have been categorized as “there is the word “Kharijites” in, directly or there is not”. In the conclusion part, it has been stated that there were no hadiths in the Kutub-i Tis’a that the Prophet disclosed aiming Kharijites directly, and the current hadiths, which are supposed to be related to the Kharijites, are news about the future.

IBRAHIM MAALOUF AS A ‘CULTURAL MEDIATOR’

Efe SEZER, Alev SEZER — 2024-08-29

The most common meaning attributed to the term ‘Mediator’, which is the starting point of the study, has almost a legal meaning such as preventing disagreements, conflicts and bringing the parties together. However, in the case of ‘cultural media-tion’, there is no need to have the abovementioned opposite poles or positions. It would not be wrong to think of this as a communication model, define it in the most general sense as the interaction by mediation between two cultures. This study aimed to discuss the trumpet player Ibrahim Maalouf, who started his music life as the ‘other’ and became ‘us’ as a cultural mediator and reveal his compatibility with cultural mediation parameters.

THE EFFECT OF CHAMBER MUSIC ACTIVITIES ON THE HOPEFULNESS LEVELS OF TEACHER CANDIDATES (CELLO QUARTETS SAMPLE)

Hazel ERCAN, Şebnem YILDIRIM ORHAN — 2024-08-29

This study is limited with the cello students studying at Gazi University and Department of Music Education. Purpose of the study is to find out whether chamber music activities have an impact on the hopefulness levels of students. Cello chamber groups (cello quartets) were formed by equally dividing a total of 16 cello students, which compose the sample group, into four groups according to their academic achievements, levels, and playing skills. Before starting chamber music activities, a situational hope scale was applied to students, within the context of preliminary application. Then, the chamber music activity was conducted with these “cello quartets” formed by the researchers, which lasted a total of eighteen hours as two hours per week and nine weeks in total. At the end of the research, another situational hope scale has been applied to students as a post-test. The study concluded that the chamber music activities led to an increase in the situational hope levels of Music Education students.

A STRONG LINK OF THE COUNTRY POETRY IN CYPRUS: NAZIF SÜLEYMAN EBEOĞLU

Hüseyin EZİLMEZ — 2024-08-29

Nazif Süleyman Ebeoğlu (1921-2007), a poet who, with his hececi (syllabic meter)-romantic poems has achieved important success and became the banner bearer of hececi poetry in Turkish Cypriot Literature. Also, he has produced novels, short stories, memories, translations; essays, articles and criticism. He is not well known in these areas as much as he is as a poet, but with his competent Turkish and his strong literary language, he was one of the important writers of the Turkish Cypriot prose in 1940s. In Turkish Cypriot Literature he belongs to the “1940 Generation”, “Çığ’s Poet”, or “Çığcı”. With his literary personality and works, he is a strong link of “the Country” Literary movement. Beyrut Rıhtımlarında is his first and only poetry book that he published in 1942. But the signature of Ebeoğlu, continues to appear in all the periodicals and Çığ magazine between 1940 and 1950. Nonetheless, most of his short stories and serials of novels; translations and the other writings were never published as a book, and therefore did not reach today. The poetry of Nazif Süleyman Ebeoğlu nourished from the poetry of “National Literature” of Republic of Turkey and in particular, it’s “nationalist-county-traditionalist and romantic” with the influence of Beş Hececiler’s thematic and stylistic poetry. Apart from the themes of love and women that reflected his personal feelings; heroism, Turkish history, the love of Anatolia and Istanbul are the dominant themes in his poetry. In this article, study Ebeoğlu as a poet, and the poems that reveals his poetics. In the paper his poems analysed as thematic and stylistic, resources of poems and the influence of Beş Hececiler underlined and put forward that he is a strong representative of the Country Poetry in Turkish Cypriot Literature. Thus, this study’s main aim, to point out Nazif Süleyman Ebeoğlu who once leaved his mark on Turkish Cypriot culture and literature, but now is forgotten, or not read anymore.

THEORY, TEACHING MODEL, APPLICATION METHOD and the WORK PLAN in the CONTEXT of STEM

Vakkas YALÇIN — 2024-08-29

In this study, STEM which is one of the innovative educational approaches of the 21st century is examined. As a result of comprehensive literature readings, a number of situations frequently encountered by researchers and educators in STEM studies were presented under four headings, and information was given to researchers and trainers who will conduct STEM studies. These four situations are briefly on how to integrate STEM disciplines with each other, how to prepare STEM activities, lesson plan and studies, STEM applications with which teaching model, and finally, how to prepare the STEM study plan. However, what the theoretical foundations of STEM might be is an objective point of view. In this context, the literature; discipline-based STEM studies and equally spaced STEM studies including 2 different lesson planning cycle have been accelerated. In this study, STEM activities and lesson plans were classified in two different ways as Problem-driven STEM studies and STEM studies for the situation. STEM studies on the problem are divided into Real-life Problems and Fiction life problems. In this respect, it is thought that the study may be a guide for STEM researchers and educators in planning STEM studies.

ORNAMENTATIONS OF ITALIAN AND FRENCH VOCAL MUSIC IN BAROQUE ERA AND THE ORIGINAL PRACTICE OF THEM

Çiğdem ALADAĞ, Evrim ŞAHİNKAYA KAPLANCIK — 2024-08-29

When Baroque Era is mentioned, the first thing that comes to mind is that many branches of art include exaggeration and flourish. This exageration is significant by using the elements like contrast, embellishments, emotional depth, dynamics and sonority in music as well as in any other art forms. The works in the baroque era varies according to the styles and conseption of the composers and the countries. For this reason there have been different usage of the symbols for the same kinds of ornamentation. Exaggerated approach in Italian style gave place to simplicity in French style. The subject of commenter’s free ornament usage in performance which is the feature of the era is mentioned in the study and authentic ornament works on a set of performances depending on the commenter are presented. This study is aimed to contribute the academician and student candidates that are interested in Baroque Era music and would like to work on the era.

TURKISH LEXICAL BORROWINGS IN PUNJABI LANGUAGE

Dogan YUCEL, Mustafa ÇETİN — 2024-08-29

Punjab lands are not stranger to Turks. These soils have common history of more than 2500 years with Turks in history as in art, architecture, political, social and literary almost every aspect of life along with pre-Islamic period. After Islam, almost 900 years of almost continuous Turkish domination occurred in Punjab. Although the language of Punjab is an old language dating back 5-6000 years, its written works go back a thousand years. It is the state language of Pakistan in Punjab state and one of the 22 official languages in India. The grammar structure is close to Turkish, and according to one opinion, it is probably the one of the old language of a Turkish people. It is a language spoken by 120 million people around the world. The geography of Punjab was divided into two during the partition of India in 1947 and remained within the borders of Pakistan in the west and India in the east. In Turkey there is no any university department in this language. Punjabi language is very important in terms of Turkish history, architecture and art. In Turkey, there are no studies except for a few encyclopedia articles about this important language. In our study, we scanned four Punjabi dicitionaries in terms of Turkish words. We have added the equivalent words in Turkish dictionaries. We also benefited from Uzbek dictionaries in finding Turkish equavalents. We classified them thematically. We have also classified the morphological and semantic changes. 168 Turkish words were determined in this article and controversial words are not included in the list. Our work is highly important for being the first study conducted in Turkey on this topic.

ACCESSING THE DIFFICULTY IN SPEAKING ARABIC LANGUAGE AMONG THEOLOGY STUDENTS IN TURKEY: THE CASE OF SAKARYA UNIVERSITY

Abdul Kadır HUSSEIN — 2024-08-29

Students spread over Turkey’s 206 official universities studying in various theology faculties have to undergo a year of Arabic language study before they are able to commence their main bachelor program. This initiative is necessitated by the deliberate effort of the education ministry to ensure that students are equipped with the necessary Arabic language skill to take them through the four years bachelor program. Students who fail to pass the year course are forced to repeat it until they get the required pass mark. However those who have previously studied Arabic are made to take the exams in order to be exempted from the full year program. Despite the full year program, students still find it difficult to speak fluent Arabic and in some cases do not understand the language when it is spoken. This paper makes an attempt to investigate the reason for the students’ inability to speak the language. Through conducting of interview, this paper brings together views of students and teachers with regards to Arabic language studies in the faculty of theology. The data gathered suggest that teachers using Turkish language as a medium of teaching of Arabic language has contributed largely to the students’ failure to master it. Some teachers have been recognized as unable to communicate fluently in the language despite the fact that they have high proficiency in it. The lack of continuity in using Arabic as a medium of teaching some subjects after the preparatory course makes students forget what they have acquired in the preparatory stage. Arabic language is greatly neglected throughout the four years course rendering its usage among students lower. However the reintroduction of native Arabic speakers as teachers of Arabic language has reduced the plight of the students. Despite this remarkable inroads made, there is the need for the education ministry to reintroduce measures which may include exchange programs between neighboring Arabic states to ensure students learn the language to the brim.

SHARE IN GROWTH FIGURES OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR IN TURKEY: 1999-2017 TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

Göksel BACAKLIOĞLU, Erkan POYRAZ — 2024-08-29

Aim: The aim of the studies in the last twenty years, Turkey's construction sector of Turkey 's 3 through the time series proportion of GDP to determine if sooner month period. Method: In the research, the growth figures in the construction sector for the quarters between January 1999 and December 2017 and the GDP were obtained by taking the time series with the Eviews software package. Extended Dickey - Fuller Unit Root Test (ADF), Johansen Cointegration Test and Granger Causality Test were applied. Result: As a result of the tests conducted in the study, it was found that the series were not stationary, ie the unit root. Johansen Cointegration Test results made in, has been identified as cointegration, Granger Causality Analysis done well in Turkey's GDP of the construction sector's appeared to be the cause. Conlusion: The construction sector was to determine the effect on GDP of Turkey's consideration of the situation in 2018 is necessary to prevent the decline in the construction sector.

SOCIAL REASONS OF FEMALE DELINQUENCY

Zeynep ŞENTÜRK DIZMAN — 2024-08-29

The rapid changes in the social and economic structure of today have caused some changes in the roles of women in society. With the women becoming more involved in social, political and economic life, interest in female delinquency started to increase rapidly. It is known that women in our country and the world commit less crime than men. Turkey Statistical Institute, according to 2017 data, the number of female offenders was 4.3%, the ratio of the number of all offenders are indicated. Criminal studies on crime, education, age, marital status, settlement, political and economic fluctuations, geographic conditions and many factors, such as the profession varies depending on. Today, another important variable that is frequently emphasized in relation to the causes of crime is gender. The aim of this article is to try to explain the social reasons which are thought to be effective in the crime of women by addressing the relationship between sex and crime from a social perspective.

SOCIAL GENDER VIEWS IN PUBLIC SPHERE-STEREOTYPES ABOUT FEMALE DRIVERS-THE CASE OF GAZİANTEP

Hatice GÜL — 2024-08-29

The nature of gender relations varies according to the society, time, and place. Gender relations that change from culture to culture and over time are generally reproduced in social processes. In this context, attitudes and behaviors related to traffic are noteworthy in making sense of the nature of male-female role relations in the formation of gender that we consider important for our research. One of the most talked about comments and opinions on gender relations in social life is the phenomenon of female drivers in traffic. This research aims to research the stereotypes of female drivers in terms of the point of view of female and male drivers actively driving in traffic for at least one year in Gaziantep province. According to the findings of the study conducted in accordance with the qualitative research design, some stereotypes have been reached about female drivers. Among them, stereotypes such as “careful driver”, “prescriptive driver”, “slow driver”, “uneasy driver”, “timid driver”, and “panic driver” draw attention.

A RESEARCH ABOUT PRIMARY SCHOOL AND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS ENGLISH LESSON ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT VARIABLES

Ezgi KAYA — 2024-08-29

Although in Turkey students have been learning English during their education lives in generally they have difficulty in learning English. This situation about foreign language causes learned helplessness for them. One of the factors has an effect on learning foreign language is individual differences which is originated from learners’ own. This is showed that the most important factor affecting attitudes towards English is individual differences. Actually individual differences involve individuals’ attitudes. In addition, many researches are mentioned that student’s belief and their improved attitudes with foreign language learning is a factor which affects their success and failure. The aim of this study is to determine whether or not there become different primary school and middle school students’ attitudes towards English lesson according to different variables. The target population of this study consisted of 461 primary school and middle school students who were three different schools in İstanbul in 2018-2019 academic years. The data of this study was acquired by “Attitude Scale towards English Lesson” which has behavioral and sensual (affective) aspect and developed by Orakcı (2017). The acquired data is analyzed by SPSS programme and while it was analyzing the data it was utilized range of frequencies, percent calculation, t- test and ANOVA statistical method. When it was analyzed the study finding according to gender variables, female students and according to grade variables, 5 grade students get more high grade in behavioral and sensual (affective) aspect. In other words, female students and 5 grade students had more positive students towards English lesson. In addition, private school students, students who have university graduation parents and students who haven’t any brothers or sisters have high point average in behavioral aspect. In other words, these students have more positive attitudes towards English lesson.

“HARMONIZATION OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN TURKEY WITH BASEL III FRAMEWORK REQUIREMENTS “

Nooruddin ALANZA, Ali KABASAKAL — 2024-08-29

In this paper we seek to introduce and study Basel III requirements which aims to improve the quality of the capital base of the banking sector and to protect it from financial imbalances and financial crises by increasing the share of capital to risk-weighted assets, we also aim to demonstrate the commitment of Islamic banks to the Basel III standards and decisions to cope with the unexpected future shocks and the negative effects of the movement of the economic cycle without prejudice to the strength of their financial positions.

PLACE IN ECONOMIC AND SMES

Emir SERT — 2024-08-29

According to this study, ın the globalized economic order being investigated the current situation of SMEs, the advantages and disadvantages of Turkey's economy, the economic and financial problems.Due to the rapid changes that have taken place, competition in trade has gone out of the country.At this stage, SMEs need to capture global competitive advantage, not just regional and national. Small firms are weaker than large firms in finding a marketon the investments required for capital. Because of the flexibility that SMEs have in integrating into market conditions, it is now accepted all over the world that it will reach the world markets that develop very rapidly not with big scale economies but with SMEs. This situation,SMEs, one of the dynamic and immovable factors of our country's economy,as in global marketsTurkey also economic growth, is of great importance to the development of SMEs.In this study, were discussed What advantages and disadvantages as they have the past 40 years, SMEs in Turkey's economy,contribution to Turkey's economy, competitive advantages, definitions, structures and topics for their position in the market.