The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2019 Issue 87

PRESERVICE TEACHERS’ VIEWS ON LITERATURE CIRCLES

Hülya ÇERMİK, Birsen DOĞAN , Seyit ATEŞ , Kasım YILDIRIM — 2026-07-16

The current research aimed to explore the preservice teachers’ views on literature circles based on their experiences. The research used case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. A total of 21 preservice teachers constituted the research sample. 18 literature activities occurred during nine months and the preservice teachers read 18 books. One-to-one qualitative interviews were employed to collect the data. The interviews appeared after each six literature circles. In order to see longitudinal change of the preservice teachers’ views, each data obtained from the interview sessions was analyzed separately. Based on the data, three themes including individual contribution, social contribution, and reading perspective were occurred. The preservice teachers believed that literature circles make positive contributions to them and society. Additionally, they told that their perceptions relate to reading has changed a lot.

WOMEN’S POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Elif GAZİOĞLU TERZİ — 2026-07-16

One definition of politics is the whole process of division of and sharing the sources of nations in a specific society. Taken in this sense, politics requires distinct groups of people in the division process. In this context, the question of “who is included and/or excluded by this process” deserves special attention. Recently, governments are defined as democratic or not according to their success in mobilizing many different distinct groups in the political decision making mechanisms. Thus, disadvantaged groups’ effective political participation gains more importance. Local governments are the political structures that aport sources among social groups. This paper studies local government in relation to its urban management and planning and looks at women’s –as a disadvantaged group- participation in local governance. Depending on the related literatüre, the paper highlights the barriers hindering women from political participation and then it continues to discuss the question of why women’s participation into local governments with a special attention on the women’s relation to urban life.

TRACES OF TRADİTİON ON HAYDAR ERGULEN'S POEMS

Abdulmecit CANATAK, Mehmet TÜTAK — 2026-07-16

The concept of tradition covers a wide span of topics, ranging from the system of values held by a people to their behavior patterns, from their mentality to their habits. Traditions, handed down from generation to generation, are an expression of spiritual and material accumulation and have a self-preservation reflex. The conflict between this impulse and the idea of novelty and change can be found throughout human history. The determination of traditions to continue their existence against the push for change has had repercussions in poetry, as it has had in many other areas. There was a tendency to break away from tradition in our literature during the Ottoman Reformation Era, which also marked the start of an extensive innovative trend in literature. Yet, having been pushed aside, disrespected, and ignored, the tradition became the focus again starting with the Republic Era, thanks to some respectable people in the field. One of these people was the poet Haydar Ergülen, who thought that Turkish poetry, from its beginning to present day, was an inseparable whole. He believed that a poet or a poem detached from the past could not survive. That is why, in his poetry, he often employed the form, rhythm, and diction features of the folk literature as well as the classical Ottoman poetry tradition. His poetry served as a bridge between the past and the future. However, the existence of these features in Ergülen's poetry was not a mere imitation of the past, but rather an adaptation to the current day, a reinterpretation, and a modern blend. In this paper, all of Haydar Ergülen's poems were studied with the intention of determining their tradition, traditional elements, and how much these elements were employed. To this end, first, the concept of tradition was defined in general terms, followed by a discussion of Ergülen’s views on tradition. In the body part, Ergülen's poems were appraised under the two following categories: "Traditional Content Elements, Pleasure and Imagery World" and "Traditional Form and Rhythm Elements."

LANDSCAPE IN PAINTING AND THE LANDSCAPE UNDERSTANDING OF MATRAKÇI NASUH

F.Emel ERTÜRK — 2026-07-16

Landscape painting is an indispensable subject of art and the artists worked on the subject throughout the history. Nature is always a source of inspiration. Earth, sea and sky affect artists and they imitate the natural view trying to reflect their vision. Matrakçı Nasuh is a Sixteenth century’s Classical Ottoman miniature artists who worked on landscapes and cityscapes without human figures. With these miniatures, he created a different place for himself and with the subject of his works he created a new genre in his era. Proportions between figures and placement of them on the picture plane are important in painting within the need of harmony and order and it creates a problem of composition. The landscape painting, as same as the other subjects of art, the artist intent to achieve integrity in their work. This need of integrity is called composition. The purpose of this work is to examine conditions of composition and mention the importance of landscape painting in art. Moreover, from the three works of Matrakçı Nasuh which are called; Beyan-I Menazi-I Seferi Irakey, Süleymanname- Tarih-I Feth-I Şiklos and Estürgon and Üstunbelgrad, Tarih-i Sultan Beyazid, the one called Beyan-I Menazi-I Sefer-I Irakey which subjects the expedition of Iran- Iraq in 1537 were chosen to be analyzed under the concept of composition, rule of thirds, golden ratio and 1. Figure-ground relation, 2. Proximity, 3. Continuity, 4. Similarity, and 5. Completion which are the principles of Gestalt. The aim is to explore the composition style of the artist. The six miniatures examined from the Sixteenth century’s Classical Ottoman miniature artist Matrakçı Nasuh, reveals that mostly close composition was used, also the painting area was composed to fit in the rule of thirds and the golden ratio. Moreover, the examined miniatures of the artist are composed according to the basic principles of Gestalt in order to achieve integrity in the perception.

PEYAMİ SAFA AND THE IDEAL YOUNG PERCEPTION OF HIM

Turan GÜLER — 2026-07-16

In both his thought books published as Objektif Series and his literary works, the themes Peyami Safa handled the most are the young and their problems. Among his literary works created for more than 40 years about mankind, the world and the country, the ones constituting a significant amount are about problems of the young. In this study, first what idealism means to Peyami Safa was dealt with. Second, the situation of the young whom he wanted to experience this idealism were reflected from his perspective. Lastly, his opinions and advices on the bridge supposed to be established between idealism and the young were explained. In this context, his work “ Eğitim, Gençlik, Üniversite” (Education, The Young, University) published in the Objektif Series, focused on the education, universities and problems of the young in Turkey, was analyzed. Besides, his two works published in the Objektif Series “20. Asır Avrupa ve Biz” (20th Century Europe and Us), “Türk İnkılabına Bakışlar” (Views on the Turkish Revolution) and novels published under his signature were also assessed when necessary.

THE PROJECTIONS OF ANIMAL NAMES USED IN CODEX CUMANICUS IN TODAY’S ANATOLIAN DIALECTS

Muharrem ÖZDEN — 2026-07-16

The Turks have placed the animals at the center of their social life due to the constitutional and nomadic culture and the needs of the geography they live in. For this reason, animals have a privileged place in the social and economic life of the Turkish nation. The Turks, who continue their livelihood with livestock farming, have seen the greatest benefit from animals in their struggle. In Turkish history, symbols related to animals were widely used and these symbols were overlaid with Turkish identity. They met the nobility with horse; not to succumb with wolf; strength with lion; speed and hurrying with birds and they used these metaphors in many works. The animal symbols they used in their flags and calendars are a proof of this. In this study, the use of animal names in Codex Cumanicus, which is the first work written in Latin alphabet in Turkish history, is emphasized in today's Anatolian dialects. The existence of the vocabulary in the present-day Anatolian dialects, which contains the periodic Turkish used in the Kipchak area in the north of the Black Sea, is important in terms of showing important clues about the historical course of Turkish. Therefore, it is thought that this study will bring a different perspective to vocabulary studies.

TELEVISION, SUBJECT AND POWER

Şenay TANRIVERMİŞ — 2026-07-16

Television has become an indispensable part of everyday life with its attractive and alternative programs. Television, as an effective element of the system, has a hegemonic power that reflects the period in which it lives and also continuously produces the system. However it is not free, because it is deeply attached to all classes of hierarchical mechanism. This situation, which can lead to restriction or corruption of rights and freedoms of the society and the individual even with very small orientations that can be done, needs to be corrected and also the freedom of the individual to act within their own minds must be provided. In this study, after discussing the subject in a wide range, examples were presented by some of the most watched television series in a randomly selected time period. These series are the most popular “Söz”, “Eşkıya Dünyaya Hükümdar Olmaz” and “İstanbullu Gelin” series between 18-24 September 2017, and the misrepresentations and negative relationships between the television, subject and power are examined with some sections in these series.

SOLUTION SUGGESTION AGAINST BUREAUCRACY WITHIN CHANCING MANAGEMENT CONCEPT: ADHOCRACY

Senem ALTAN — 2026-07-16

Today's organizations are constantly exposed to rapid change; and constantly try to adapt themselves to this change by keeping up with management techniques and business environment. Together with the changing management concept, bureaucracy is considered not to be suitable for adaptation to change and solution suggestions are offered. Adhocracy, as a solution against the bureaucracy, stands out with its characteristics such as an extremely flexible structure, minimum formalization, occupational specialization based on formal education, changing job descriptions depending on the characteristics of the job, mutual harmony and quality communication among employees, low standardization of procedures, selective centralism and cultural characteristics based on non-bureaucratic studies. The competence of all members of the organization e not only to act within their jurisdiction and in coordination with other members but also to take actions that affect the future of the organization and the absence of hierarchy in adhocracy are totally considered as an important solution within the changing management concept.

MENTALLY DESIGNED SPACES IN POSTMODERN ART AND GRAPHIC DESIGN

Harun TÜRKMENOĞLU, Dilek ÇULHA — 2026-07-16

“Space” refers to not only physical space but also an area that reveals mental perceptions, which are determined by social/cultural/political fields in the context of art and design in the 21st century. It can be said that it creates a space of thought apart from its physical function, and loads it with new functions, meanings, and mental representations. For this reason, space, in which art and design come into existence, can be reshaped as an experience, representation, an image, a mark, and an indicator apart from surfaces existing for artist-designers today. The thing that provides this transformation is the existence of the subject as a body. Thus, conceptual structure associated with the space is revealed and abstract concepts such as meanings, sensations, and imagination pushing the limits are also unfolded by the subject. The main idea of this study is to show the existence of spaces of abstract-mental perception that arise depending on the conditions of changes in the subject and technology as well as physical space when considering the space in art and design.

ANALYSIS OF AHMAD SHAWQI’S DISPUTE POEMS IN TERMS OF SHAPE AND CONTENT

Ahmet ABDÜLHADİOĞLU — 2026-07-16

This article evaluates Ahmad Shawqi’s dispute poems in terms of shape and content. The first part of the study deals briefly with the emergence and characteristics of dispute poems as a type of poem in Arabic literature, and then, in a comparative way, it analyzes modern period poet Ahmad Shawqi’s dispute poems in terms of shape and content about al-Burda by al-Busairi who lived in the 13th century and about Yâ Laylu’s-Sabbu by al-Husari al-Qayrawani who was a poet of 11th century. Dispute poems of Ahmad Shawqi about the odes by these two poets also reveal his innovations in this field, the different literary style he brought into the poetry and some intellectual changes; and some aspects of these dispute poems reveal that they have superior aspects than those odes written before him.

A NATURAL COLORING MATTER: CARMINE

Sabire YERLİKAYA, Hülya ŞEN ARSLAN — 2026-07-16

Nowadays, the number of consumers who view the components of the products, increases. Conscious consumers have turned to foods less processed and have less chemical preservatives. The colour materials that form one group of food additives have special importance nowadays. Various chemical compounds are added to the food to improve the taste and appearance of the food according to the demands of the consumer and to ensure that they have a long shelf life by preventing their spoliage. These substances, which are consciously involved in food before serving on time, are called food additives. These days; coloring materials constitute a group of these substances and are of importance in terms of food technology. One of these coloring materials is the carmine produced from the still-discussed Cochineal bean. Carmine is used in pudding and milk products with strawberry aroma; cola; fruit flavored sugar free sweetener in gums; fruit and especially strawberry flavored confectionery, biscuits, cakes, wafers and sauces; fruit flavored breakfast cereals, meat and meat products. The aim of this use is to give pink and red color to the food. Cochineal beetle, carmin production, uses in foods and halalism were reported in this review.

WIDELY MADE DESIGN MISTAKES IN CREATING PORTFOLIOS FOR NON-GRAPHIC DESIGNERS AND RELATED DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Cem KARA — 2026-07-16

Portfolio is a visual tool that summarizes the creative identity.The most striking point in a successful portfolio design is that the relationship between content and design is proportionately addressed, both of which are taken into consideration. At this point, the process of creating your own portfolio design can’t be a problem for a person experienced in graphic design discipline. Well, what basic issues should artists or designers who do not have a command of graphic design discipline pay attention to when designing their portfolios? This article aims to provide the answer to this question by presenting design mistakes that are frequently made in designing portfolios. In this respect, it is aimed to introduce both portfolio design and to determinate the basic elements that should be in portfolio design. In addition, a guide for the development of personal designs will be created with the results of the article. In the conclusion part, the basic design titles and functional approaches in portfolio design are summarized. Taking into account the detected mistakes, the general principles of Typography, Page Design and Graphic Production Techniques, which are necessary for portfolio design, are mentioned.

COOPERATIVES AND ACCOUNTING THEIR ESTABLISHMENT PROCEDURES

Ahmet TERZİ — 2026-07-16

Cooperatives differs than commercial companies in the sense that cooperatives non-profit organizations which are established by farmers and villagers in order to sell their products properly. Cooperatives are in fact a product of farmers’ and villagers’ solidarity and joint work. Recently cooperatives gain more attention socially and economically. According to data by İSO500 2017 there are five cooperatives among the largest 230 companies. As they contribute to local and regional development, it is expected that the number of cooperatives to increase. This paper focuses on an explanation of the mandatory procedures of the establishment procedure and through simple examples, it aims at explaining how to account those procedures.

THE RELATION BETWEEN INSTALLATION AND SPACE IN TURKİSH CERAMIC ART

Nalan DANABAŞ — 2026-07-16

The installation art, which emerged in 1960s, is one of the most effective expression languages of contemporary art. In the art of installation, space differs depending on the perception and vision of the viewer as well as the information that the viewer carries. It is a fact that space is incorporated into art as well as the transformation of art from concept to form. While the space is the object of thought and not vision, it is a mental process that has survived to the present day with the existence of humanity. From the 1960s to the present day, the installation art has a great influence on the ceramic art in the world and in our country. In the 1970s, mentality of questioning art without referring to imitation in Turkish art, created major changes and with installation, this mentality became one of the self-expression methods for ceramic artists, showed increment during late 1980s. The aim of this research is not to redefine the definition of the installation art starting from the’ 60s but to examine its impact on ceramic art and artists in our country and in the world.

THE LIFE OF ANTON STAMITZ, VIOLA TRANSCRIPTION ANALYSIS OF THE F MAJOR VIOLA D’AMORE CONCERTO

Barış Kerem BAHAR — 2026-07-16

Viola is a member of the violin family, although its roots are based on string instruments such as viola pompasa, viola d’amore, which appeared in earlier periods, has become the closest state to the present in the classical period. In the beginning, it was used as a complementary element in chamber music and orchestra, and gained its solo identity later than the violin. Therefore, it took time for the formation of a unique solo repertoire. In the Baroque period, there was only one viola concerto known for viola (G.P. Telemann, G major Viola Concerto). However, considering the repertoire shortage in the baroque and classical periods, the transcription of works composed for other instruments belonging to these periods for viola is important. This study includes biography of A.Stamitz and analysis of the viola transcription of the F Major Viola d’amore Concerto, originally composed by Anton Stamitz, a member of the Stamitz family.

A RESEARCH ON PROFESSIONAL OPINIONS ON CONTEMPORARY MODELS USED TO INCREASE PRODUCTION IN GLOBAL COMPETITION MEDIA AND THEIR CRITICS

Haldun TURAN — 2026-07-16

Increasing competition media with globalization causes development of production methods and more focus on increasing productivity on current production methods. Whereas current models used for increasing productivity brings many benefits, there are some criticisms on them. In this research, expert opinions on methods used to increase productivity in current production and critics on these methods were aimed to examine. In the research, 11 personnel working at automotive sector in Kocaeli city and 7 academicians giving lectures at International Travnik University Bosnia-Herzegovina and Istanbul Gelişim University with total 18 experts were subjected to deep interview. Afterwards, SWOT analysis on production methods was performed based on interview results. According to results, computerized and automated production systems are more suitable to new and composite materials, and gives successful results to decrease production time and increase production. On the other hand, there is not enough success on integration of these methods with classical production methods.

A SOCIAL ECONOMY PROPOSAL FOR TURKISH SOCIETY: ISLAMIC ECONOMY

Tolga KABAŞ — 2026-07-16

Idea of progress, liberalism and secularism were important factors responsible for the rise of European societies. Besides, the role of capitalism and the bourgeois were important in the rise of Europe. Capitalism in Europe was borned from Protestant culture. The commercial ethics of Protestants formed the basis of Capitalist spirit in Europe. Likewise Capitalism, Social Democracy also borned from religion. Muslim societies can not progress like European countries since last 200 years. A Weberian Sabri Ülgener proposes a development solution for Muslim societies. According to Sabri Ulgener, economic models which internalize national values are more realistic and healthy. He thinks that development solutions which are inspired from national culture and value system will be more successful. Besides, Ulgener thinks that economy and society should unify. This unification can be realized by only with a model which is suitable for citizens and country. According to him, every country would find his way for independence by itself but, it must be realized according to its local conditions. In this study, Capitalism, Max Weber’s “social economy” concept and social democracy is shorly explained. At the end of the study, the rise of Islamic economy and religion-economy relations in Turkish society were emphasized.

EXAMINATION OF ACADEMIC STUDIES CARRIED OUT IN TURKEY IN REGARDS OF TEACHER TRAINING THROUGH COMPARATIVE EDUCATION

Barış YAMAN — 2026-07-16

As the research made in Turkey related to teacher training in this research it was investigated by the comparative education system. This research starting from the teacher training system in Turkey has reached a critical point with the results evaluated in accordance with the positive and negative aspects. Research aims to eventually bring himself to more advanced levels of teacher training in the area of Turkey. Descriptive screening method was used in the study. Accordingly, in Turkey; The need to develop thematic quality assurance system for school school cooperation, education faculties faculty member number and that priority should be given to policies to improve the quality, pedagogic training programs improving the quality-oriented arrangements can be made, teacher training programs, quality can be evaluated periodically, as a measure of starting the teaching profession in Turkey only It was determined that cognitive and cognitive characteristics were tested in other countries and that social and economic status of teachers should be higher than OECD countries and that the status of the teaching profession should be higher than other professions. the end of a set of applications to be done s have been reached. In addition, it has been concluded that successful countries have given weight to practice in teacher education.

EXAMINATION OF THE ATTITUDES OF STATE ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MUSIC COURSES TO TURKISH MUSIC SUBJECTS

Sadettin Volkan KOPAR, Barış KARAELMA — 2026-07-16

This research aims to determine the attitudes of Anatolian High School 10th and 11th class students using scanning model among the descriptive surveys. The sample of the research was comprised of 6 State Anatolian High Schools in Ankara, in 2014-2015 school year. In the research, the development level (developed, middle developed, less developed) of Ankara’s counties, indicated by Turkish Statistics Institution was taken as reference and two schools in each county was picked in a random manner. The 20 items attitude scale developed for the research was implemented to 543 music course students in 10th and 11th classes. According to the findings of the research, it was observed that the attitudes of the students on Turkish music subjects in the music courses were generally negative and attitude levels decline as the development level of the counties increase. Proposals are presented in light of the findings of the study.

THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION IN CAPITAL MARKETS:BİST 30 APPLICATION

Ahmet BAYRAKTAR — 2026-07-16

Information efficiency is defined as market prices reflecting information accurately and quickly and thus, creating the correct value of the asset. In this study, the effect of the information on the price and transaction volume of stocks traded in BIST U 30 Index between 2017-2018 is examined. According to the results of the study, new information on the market has an impact on the price and transaction volume of stocks. Stocks prices, on the basis of days, increase in positive information on announcement dates and decrease in negative information. The transaction volume is increasing in the positive information, the date of announcement and the period after the announcement date. On the other hand, there is a limited increase in negative information.

RESEMBLANCE IN THE RISE AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF THE MODERN TURKISH AND EGYPTIAN LITERATURE AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE FRENCH LITERATURE

Asiye ÇELENLİOĞLU — 2026-07-16

The military modernization of the Ottoman Empire and Egypt, have brought the cultural impression because of the relations with France in particular. After the intellectual interaction, the newspapers and journals have became widespread in the social life. The issue of the simplification of language was came on the agenda along with the translations from French literature. When the Ottomans and Egyptians have modernization debates, gave first examples of modern literature under the influence romance and realism. France began its literary development with the Renaissance and completed modern transformation with the French Revolution in 1789, after that, France has been a decisive factor in Turkish and Egyptian literature. This study aims to identify the common elements in the development of Turkish and Egyptian literatures under the influence of the French Literature.

FOURTY YEARS FROM THE COFFEE POT TO CULTURE: TURKISH COFFEE AND TRADITION

Fatih BALCI — 2026-07-16

Coffee is one of the most consumed drinks in the world. This drink has moved from Yemen to Anatolia and from there to Europe. Coffee is adopted in Anatolia so that; named as “Turkish Coffee” in the world and has been referred to. In this context in 2013 “To Soküm Representative List” entered as “Turkish Coffee and Tradition” and in a way, this tradition is registered. Turkish Coffee is a part of the daily life of Anatolian people. For this reason, it has caused some traditions around. The Turkish people started to drink coffee in various times, meaning and content like coffee, eating at a certain time of the day, entertaining guests, asking for girls, and on top of the food eaten. “A cup of coffee is remembered for forty years”, the expression of the positive role of coffee in social relations is clearly revealed. This has led to the emergence of a culture that requires a thorough examination of the construction, presentation, tools and equipment of coffee. In this study, information will be given about coffee, which is an indispensable social drink in Turkish culture department, coming from other cultures and geographies. In this context, the tradition of meddah, narrativeism, and minstrelsycoffeehouses where the oral culture is kept alive will be briefly focused on.

THE ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FEAR OF SUCCESS AND LIFE SATISFACTION

Cıldız MAMIROVA, Hasan YILMAZ — 2026-07-16

The fear of success, defined as limiting self-potential due to the concern of the results and responsibilities of success, is a form of self-sabotage. This situation is not related to the lack of knowledge, skills and potential for success, but the individual does not want to be successful, although individual and environmental conditions are sufficient for success. The aim of this study is to test hypotheses that fear of success will affect life satisfaction negatively and self-efficacy will have a mediating role to eliminate this negative effect. The sample of the study consisted of 18-25 years old 602 university students, 63.9% of them were women, 36.1% were of them men. Relational screening model was used in the study. In the collection of data, Fear of Success Scale developed by Hyland and Dann (1988) and General Self Efficacy Scale developed by Sherer Vd. (1982) and adopted Turkish by Gözüm and Aksayan (1992) and Satisfaction With Life Scale developed by Denier Vd (1985) and adopted Turkish by Yetim were used. Data were analyzed by using YEM technique. In the study, it was found that there was a significant negative relationship between fear of success and satisfaction with life and self-efficacy and in response to this, self-efficacy and life satisfaction have a positive relationship. With the inclusion of self-efficacy as a mediator variable to the relationship between fear of success and satisfaction with life, the negative effect of fear of success on satisfaction with life was eliminated. At the end of the study, suggestions were developed based on these findings.

OPEN ALTERNATIVE FOR RESIDENTIALS; GREEN ROOF

Demet Ülkü GÜLPINAR SEKBAN, Makbulenur BEKAR — 2026-07-16

As the need for housing within the city increases, the number of parcels allocated to housing areas in urban planning has increased and even meeting this need has prevented people from needing green spaces. Even so, even the small-scale areas reserved for the residential environment have begun to be used to eliminate the need for parking, which has caused people sitting in the houses to break away from the green. Concepts such as a green city, a landscape city or an ecological city have emerged in order to find solutions to the problems that exist. At the basis of these concepts, the concept of transforming every area of residential areas into green spaces has come to the forefront, which has brought the concept of green roofs and roof gardens to the foreground. The green roofs provided the ecological and economic evaluation of the places in the city. This study was carried out in the province of Yomra in Trabzon province where the settlement places have seen a considerable increase in recent times. In the study, settlements and open green areas of Yomra district were analyzed. As a result of the analyzes, the areas which can be used as the green roof were determined and the sample work was prepared. As a result of the study, proposals have been made on how the residents can evaluate their own areas for users against policies that do not provide for green open spaces in the plans.

A RESEARCH ON COLLABORATION AND SPECIALIZATION CONCEPTS IN MEDIATION

Yılmaz SERDAROĞLU — 2026-07-16

Mediation refers to the process by which the parties to the dispute are brought together by a common person or mediator or arbitrator, in a common or common denominator. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the concept of mediation in the context of merit and specialization. In this study, literature sources and document scanning model were used. In the research, descriptive scanning model and content analysis methods and mediation were examined. According to the results obtained in the study, trust and impartiality are the most important requirements in mediation processes, as in all legal processes. On the other hand, while mediation processes lacking merit in a short term, they can make the problems in the middle term more chronic and grave in the long run. For the most effective and successful fulfillment of the public interest from the mediation process, the main objective should be not only to resolve non-compromise issues temporarily, but to produce permanent solutions. For this purpose, there are big assignments for public administrators and individuals and institutions considering to provide mediation services if necessary.

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL ATTITUDES, EMPATHY AND AUTHORITARIAN TENDENCY

Simel PARLAK, Müge YUKAY YÜKSEL , Çiğdem DEMİR ÇELEBİ — 2026-07-16

In this study which examines the relationships between individual's authoritarian tendencies, empathy levels and perception of parental attitudes, a quantitative and relational model was used. The sample of the study consisted of 293 students who were determined by cluster sampling among Marmara University undergraduate students. In the study, EMBU-C (Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran), Basic Empathy Scale, New General Authoritarianism Scale were used. The statistical analysis and analysis of all data encoded in the computer were done by SPSS 15.0 program. As a result of the analyzes, a positive meaningful relationship was found the EMBU-C Emotional Warmth (Mother) subscale scores and students’ basic empathy levels. A significant negative correlation was found between the EMBU-C Emotional Warmth (Father) subscale and New General Authoritarianism Scale scores. As a result of the Pearson analysis conducted to determine whether there was a significant relationship between the scores obtained from the New General Authoritarianism Scale and the scores obtained from the Basic Empathy Scale, the relationship between the variables was not found meaningful

MUSIC AND LITERATURE EFFECTED BY POLITICAL SYSTEMS NAZIM HIKMET RAN AND FIKRET EMIROVA LOOK

Brilyant KİYMETLİ — 2026-07-16

Literature and music, which are one of the two important branches of art, are two fields that are intertwined with society, on the one hand they feed on society and on the other hand they direct society. Although the relation between literature and music is subject to many researches, there is not enough study in terms of content and method in sociological terms. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between literature and music with Nazım Hikmet Ran and Fikret Amirov. In this research, content analysis and document scanning models were used in social sciences. According to this, firstly the works and works which were included in the research area were evaluated and then the synthesis phase was started. According to the findings of the study, the interaction between socialism and especially between Azerbaijan and Soviet Russia influenced every field of art as well as the field of music and literature. When the works of Nazım Hikmet Ran and Fikret Amirov are examined, it is possible to see this effect directly reflected in art. Considering social reflection and social interaction theories, it is seen that music and literature are two art fields which are the reflection of each other.

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPORTS AND STUDENTS’ SOCIALIZATION LEVELS

Şıhmehmet YİĞİT — 2026-07-16

In the study, it was attempted to determine the changes in university students’ socialization processes with sports, and how much sports activities affect their socialization processes. The sample of the study consists of 144 students in total, 94 males, and 50 females, who are doing sports actively and not doing sports actively, who were receiving education during the 2016-2017 academic year in Namık Kemal University, School of Physical Education and Sports. The data were collected with a personal information form and the scale “The Role of Sports Activities in the Process of Socialization of University Students” (Şahan 2007). The data were analyzed with the SPSS 22 package program. The variables gender and whether the participants are doing sports or not were analyzed with unpaired t-test, and the other variables were analyzed with the method of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the case of finding a significant difference in the results of the analysis, the results of the analysis of variance were compared to the Tukey’s test. In the students’ socialization processes; it was determined that in terms of gender, age, education, level of income, place of residence, level of doing sports, frequency of doing sports, being interested in different branches there are no significant differences, but in terms of doing sports with a license there is a significant difference (p < .05).

THE RECREATIONAL USE OF PELİTÖZÜ POND AND ITS SURROUNDINGS AND ITS IMPACTS ON THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

Ayşe OKUYUCU, Serpil MENTEŞE — 2026-07-16

Water resources such as lakes and rivers are located around the city are among the most preferred areas for recreation purposes. This research aims to determine the recreational use of Pelitözü Pond and its surroundings area in Bilecik and also aim to determine the negative effects of this usage on the environment. In the study, the perception and opinions of local people who use the area for recreational purposes were applied. Research data were collected through surveys conducted to the local people. The surveys were applied to 375 persons selected by sampling method easily at Pelitözü Pond between 12-25 March 2018. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS statistics 21 software. Frequency, percentage distributions, mean and standard deviation techniques were used in the given analysis. According to the survey results;Pelitözü Pond and its surroundings are visited on weekends to spend time with friends, family and relatives. Among the major environmental problems caused by recreational activities in the area, increase in the amount of garbage, pollution of the pond by facilities, the destruction of the natural vegetation, the pollution of the air from the exhaust fumes from the vehicles.

THE CONSTRUCTION AND PERSPECTIVE IN THE NOVEL BİR TEREDDÜDÜN ROMANI OF PEYAMİ SAFA

Serkan GÖKBULUT — 2026-07-16

Bir Tereddüdün Romanı of Peyami Safa is a novel which discusses the effects of the World War I on the individual and society and it is a novel showing autubiographical characteristics in terms of it has some tracks of the writer's life in it. It is described as the novel of the its author's entire war end- generation. In every sentence of the work we feel hesitation, doubt, denial, suicide end these are the main reasons of the unhappines of the individual. With this war and after this war, the individual remained in hesitation and strongeness. The novel is based on the theises that individual who is approaching everything and everyone with hesitation and doubt will never succeed and that he will always be unhappy. In this work, Peyami Safa emphasizes that the element make people unhappy is breaking down from their roots and desbelief and emphasizes the idea of compozition. In this sense, he is hopeful. Because everything will remain in its place to change. According to him, a new life occur in this situation. The individual will also be happy when he decides on the new life. In this work, the novel Bir Tereddüdün Romanı of Peyami Safa is examined in terms of structure and perspective. The concepts which are the structural elements of the novel such as narrotor/perspective, plot, characters space and time are tried to be explained within the framework of the works

DESPAIR AS AN IMAGE IN FRANZ KAFKA’S LETTERS

Damla ARSLAN — 2026-07-16

The goal of this study is to answer the question whether the despair phenomenon that forms the basis for the works of Kafka, one of the most significant modern authors of the 20th century, is only a literary component that he used in his fictional-artistic texts or a part of his lifestyle and worldview from a biographical perspective. In this context, Kafka’s letters are studied with an imagological approach to deal with the despair phenomenon which might both be regarded as the source of his literature and life. Putting forward his life and writings as reliable proofs, the study has dealt with his psychological development, background features and subconscious aspects that helped shape his personality. Therefore, Kafka’s hope image in his diaries was also studied with a biographical approach and compared with the images in his letters. We have also tried to reveal how despair image, central to our subject, was used in this text type and to what extent it overlaps with or differentiates from despair which is a significant element of his literary works.

JUSTICE INTELLECTION OF IBN MISKEVEYH AND KINALIZÂDE ALİ ÇELEBİ: CONSEQUENCE OF JUSTICE AS A POLITICAL CONCEPT

Muhammed Uğur AYTİMUR — 2026-07-16

In this article, we discussed how concept of justice underwent transformations, particulary in political thought, from İbn Miskeveyh, who is considered to systematize classical moral literature, of Kınalızâde Ali Çelebi, who is an Ottoman philosopher. While following the continuity of the literature we compared the works of the philosopher that we mentioned. We also tried to present a broad perspective by examining the text of philosophers who are mentioned in the literature of Tahzibul Akhlaq and who have effects on the literature of ethics. Lastly, we examined the effect of religious understanding of the society on the texts and the extent to which social and cultural reality affect the texts written in their period. In this context, we tried to reveal the effects of Ottoman thought world on the moral philosophy developed after Ibn Miskeveyh by examining the text of Ahlâk-ı Alâi of Kınalızâde.

TURKEY’S OPENING UP FOREIGN POLICY IN SOMALIA

Omar Yusuf ABDULLE — 2026-07-16

In 2011, the Horn of Africa, especially Somalia was experienced the worst famine in history which caused the death and displacement of hundreds thousand people. The UNITED NATION declared that there is severe hunger crisis in Somalia and it was the biggest hunger disaster for the past 60 years. By answering this tragedy, Erdoğan was the first non-African leader who visited Somalia in 2011, the objective of the prime-ministerial visiting was to support Somalia for the horror of starvation and to spot on light the attention of the world to focus on the tragedy happening in the Somalia. Instantly, Turkey started it’s engagement in Somalia as part of it’s active opening up foreign policy in Africa. The first part of the study attempts to understand Turkish foreign policy in Africa, particularly Somalia because Turkey’s policy in Somalia is intertwined with Turkish general policy on Africa. From this part, the study analyses and answers this question: Why Somalia is a center for Turkey’s foreign Policy towards Africa? The second and the last part of the study examines Turkey’s opening up foreign policy in Somalia like humanitarian and developmental policy by inviting different perspective from Somalia and Turkish perspectives.

FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND SECOND FOREIGN LANGUAGE ON GERMAN

Melahat ÖZĞAN — 2026-07-16

Foreign language is an area we need for communication in the world most used without exception. The first communication tool is undoubtedly the language, in order to exist in the universe. And wherever we go in the world, the first language is the mother tongue that learned. Why does a human need a language other than a mother tongue? In this article we examine on these questions, we will talk about the shortest term of foreign language as content, the areas of need, and the tactics of teaching and easy learning. English language has been accepted by almost everyone in our country since the beginning of the second year of primary school. What about German? German as a Second Foreign Language in Anatolian High Schools since 2002, widely used and the need for instructors has increased. Nevertheless, the Turkish people didn’t adopt their learning in English. Why foreign language is required? Is it easy to learn a second foreign language after one? In this article, foreign languages will be briefly examined. But German will be examined further. Evaluation will be given in the conclusion section.

THE IDEA OF MOTHERLAND AND NATION IN THE LIGHT OF VIEWS OF NAMIK KEMAL AND MAĞCAN CUMABAYEV

Yavuz OKCU, Ayşe DİNÇ — 2026-07-16

In this study, we tried to examine how the subjects of motherland and nation were discussed in the works of homeland poets, Namık Kemal and Mağcan Cumabayev, two important figures of Anayurt and Atayurt. In their works ,our poets tried to pull their people out of a difficult situationin and tried to show the remedy of the disease. In an environment in which the Ottoman Empire underwent perhaps the most difficult times in its history, and different movements emerged in different parts of the world, the intellectuals of the Tanzimat period brought up new developments and brought artifacts suitable for the era. Namık Kemal, who is an intellectual of the Tanzimat period, has emphasized some concepts as a personage who has written in many kinds of literature and benefited from different types and events in order to announce these concepts to the reader. These concepts are generally issues such as homeland, nation, love, death, inability of reaching love and convergence. However, the love in Kemal’s concept generally expresses his love for the motherland and often leaves behind the love for the beloved. The main topic of Magzhan Jumabaev’s work also was the Motherland, he told the Turks as a whole in his works. In his poems he wrote throughout his life, our author tried to arouse the national consciousness, to invite the public to education and science, to save them from illiteracy.

THE POSITION OF THE TURKISH REAL ESTATE SECTOR BASED ON THE INPUT-OUTPUT APPROACH

İlkay GÜLER, Aziz KONUKMAN — 2026-07-16

The real estate sector is discussed as residencies, commercial immovables, industrial immovables, agricultural immovables and special-purpose immovables. While there are news stories on both print-visual media and sector reports which argued that this sector is the key sector in Turkey, and it triggers and feeds hundreds of other sectors, it is not known whether or not these news stories reflect the truth as they are not based on any analysis. This study discussed the trueness or falsity of the importance attributed to this sector based on an input-output analysis. The data of the study were collected obtained from the databased 2012 input-output table of the Turkish Statistical Institute which is open to the public. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the estimations presented by sector reports conflicted the findings that were reached by input-output analysis. Hence, it is recommended that this study is evaluated with forward and detail analysis method.

DOĞAN, MUHAMMET NUR (2017). ŞİİRİSTAN -ANNOTATED VE EXPLANATION DIVAN POETRY’S ANTHOLOGY İSTANBUL: YELKENLİ YAYINEVİ, 543 S.

Osman KUFACI — 2026-07-16