The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2017 Issue 62

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TOKAT / NIKSAR POST MEDIEVAL SKELETONS

Pınar GÖZLÜK KIRMIZIOĞLU, Tolga KÖROĞLU — 2024-08-29

In this study, skeletal remains which unearthed from the Tokat / Niksar gallery underground structure dated to the Post Medieval Ages have been investigated in order to determine the morphological structure and also gender were identified by a total of 69 left femur. 26 i

INTELLECTUAL FOUNDATIONS FEEDING ALIMCAN IBRAHIMOV’S LIFE OF LITEATURE AND HIS OPINIONS

Alsou KAMALIEVA, — 2024-08-29

The evaluation of Tatar literature as well as authors and artists in this setting started after 1980s. In 1990, these assets came into light and they also started being handled with the presence of “glasnot” (explicitation) and “perestroyka” (restructuring), which uncovered the historic truths. After these periods, a lot of criticisms were made on Alimcan İbrahimov who came into light again with his works and opinions. These criticisms identified him as the red coloured author or as a real hero of Tatar nationalim. In this article, we scientifically and objectively analyze Alican İbrahimov’s opinions in terms of intellectual foundations by taking into account his literary works and articles, his life and the period which he lived in. At the end of the analysis we find out that he is an author truly reflecting the Tatar national stance and emotions, its customs and traditions even though negative aspects of his period.

REMEMBERING THE FALL OF BAGHDAD:100 YEARS LATER

Figen ATABEY — 2024-08-29

This study aims to enlighten the reader about the Turkish defence and the British attack on Baghdad relating to the fall of Baghdad on its 100th year. By the surrendering of British troops on 29 April 1916, the work of reorganisation had been vigorously put forward by the British Government, and by December, the British was ready to resume the offensive towards Baghdad. Meanwhile, the Turkish General Staff could not take enough advantage of the success of Kut-al-Amara and sent a large amount of troops from Iraq to Persia in order to safeguard the rear of the Sixth Army against possible Russian advance. This move led to the gradual diminuation of the numbers of the Turkish troops in the Tigris Front. Although the Turkish forces put up a strong resistance, the British forces had managed to enter Baghdad on March 11th, 1917.

WHAT ART EDUCATİON ANALYSİS METHODOLOGİES

Meltem SÖYLEMEZ — 2024-08-29

Purpose: Aesthetic as a science in 21st century, has been shaped by approaches tackling with interdisciplinary , holistic and global culture. At this point, it is important to determine contributions of theorists to aesthetic education in terms of changing theories; to start a discussion about moving aesthetic education to a universal point and to bring new perspectives to aesthetic education in educational institutions Discussion: Methodology of aesthetical analysis is based on dialectical and metaphysical concepts of philosophy which are different from each other. These concepts reflect as transformation of worldviews stemming from materialistic and idealistic concepts of philosophy. These two worldviews are still in effect in terms of aesthetical matter. Scientific materialist aesthetics stemming from dialectical and historical materialist model, based on materialist conception of philosophy which is an expression of socialist understanding has evolved under the influence of bourgeois aesthetics understanding that arouse from bourgeois culture in the historical process in the 20th century. Nonetheless, experimental aesthetics based on psychology that emerged in the 19th century is a milestone in aesthetic discipline. Thus aesthetic perception has headed for discovering psychic processes functioning in instant human consciousness. Theories of sociology developing in parallel with psychology leads to new experiences in aesthetic awareness. In addition to that, new discussions under influence of new disciplines such as cybernetics and semiotics that emerged in the 20th century begins and connections of art related to aesthetic start to be questioned and we witness that transformations of aesthetic with the theory of communication are treated within system of multiform indicator. Method: Fights occurring among ideas throughout the history of aesthetics has also happened in aesthetic education. Need and necessity of adhering to aesthetic theories in aesthetics education today along with uncovering the relation of normative and nonnormative components tending to conceptualise aesthetics has emerged the necessity of bringing the principles of organization together. However it has become a necessity to determine dialectical processes capable of making aesthetics analysis; theories in terms of aesthetics education, value and meaning of art on aesthetics defence. Result: Starting from a historical angle to determine the bases of questioning process, we should shape a structured education of art and aesthetics that make interaction between disciplines necessary and it has become a necessity to reveal methodological debates of theorists, that form aesthetics education with views of theorists, and aesthetics theories.

TWO GREAT WRITERS DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR: I.ERENBURG AND V. GROSSMAN

Reyhan ÇELİK — 2024-08-29

The Second World War is one of the most difficult processes in Russian history of the twentieth century. For this reason, from the earliest days of the war, it is requested that all artists and writers be able to with stand the suffering of the Russian people and to create works to believe in victory. Literatur eassumes the role of mobilizing the feelings of the people and projection with all the reality what happened. In war years, slogans, banners, marches, films, etc. are used to bring these feelings to the top. In addition, all written texts included in literary arts are the factors that give hope and courage to the people who struggle during the war. Some of the mare novel, story, poetry, articles, essays. In the Second War years, many writers and poets was as soldiers on the front, many as reporters. Reporters' task is to inform the people behind the front about the war. Literature of the period enriched with experiences of front-writers and poets who personally experienced the war and with realist elements. I. Erenburg and V. Grossman also serve as reporters in many war zones. Their articles and essays make a big effect on the public. In this study, V. Grossman’s and İ. Erenburg's writings on war impressions and his thoughts on war were evaluated. Along with some different approaches, it exposed that both authors are very influential on the Soviet people. I. Erenburg attaches importance tendency of victory belief and hate towards the Germans in his writings. V. Grossman strives to explain the war with all the truth.

INVESTIGATION OF THE FACTORS PARTICIPATING IN SPORT IN YOUNG PEOPLE AND THEIR FACTORS AFFECTING SPORT PARTICIPATION IN THESE INDIVIDUALS

Kadir PEPE — 2024-08-29

In this study, it was aimed to determine the factors that affect young people 's participation and participation in the spore. The study's universe consists of 681 students, including Selcuk, Mehmet Akif Ersoy, and Gazi Universities, and the sample group consists of 307 female and 374 male students. In the study, data were obtained from written sources and by questionnaire method. A questionnaire was developed aiming at it. The clarity, coverage and reliability of the questionnaire are provided. The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was found to be 0.82. Chi-Square tests were performed to determine frequency,%, crosstab and differences. It was accepted as a significance level of 0.05 in the determination of differences. As a result of the evaluation of the obtained data, it was determined that the social and geographical environment where the majority of the participants sports, sports participation, family, friends, teachers, promotion of sports branches, economic level, physiological state, environmental possibilities, sports policy have an influence in participation to the sports. Significant differences also exist between sexes by level of 0.05. Conclusion;We can say that family, friends, economic, physiological, socio-cultural and geographical influences are effective in directing i

MEDIA, PLAY AND TOYIN THE PROCESS OF NATIONALIZATION OF CULTURE, IDENTITY AND STRATEGY FACTS

Ali Osman ABDURREZZAK, Konur Alp KOZ — 2024-08-29

The fact that the play is repeated as an imitation element in the archaic societies and becomes a part of a ritual has now become an important means of the process of evolving into a human from the social man. When the game is realized by using a tool, the concept of toy which has become a part of the game has come to fruition. It is known that games and toys, which have different cultures, have significant effects on the socialization process according to the geography. In addition to having i

USAGE HABITS OF MEDIA TOOLS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: SİNOP UNIVERSITY CASE

Özgür Kıran, Çağrı ERYILMAZ — 2024-08-29

This research was conducted with the students of Sinop University. Media tools representing technological developments in communication field, make societies experience a fast change and transformation. I

TRANSLATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE RELIGION OF THE ADI B. MUSAFIR I’TIKÂDU EHLI'S-SUNNE VE'L-CEMÂA

Ahmet BARDAK — 2024-08-29

The first periodical treatises were handled in a very simple style with the aim of transferring the understanding of pure beliefs revealed in the Qur'an and circumcision to the wider popular masses. We will deal Adı b. Müsâfir's I'tikâdu Ehli's-Sunne ve'l-Cemâa is also a work of this kind. Adi b. Müsâfir is a scholar who has spent the last days of his life, which is considered to be the founder of Adahiyye sect, as a mystic and jurist in Hakkâri. His preeminence increased with the adoption of the Yazidis. However, Ibn Taymiyye and Abdulkadir-i Geylânî have been praised by the attachment of Ahl-i Sünnete, indicating that he has no interest in Yezidism. Today, the only piece of art that we have in our possession is İ'tikâdu Ehli's-Sunne ve'l-Cemâa. This work is remarkable in terms of reflecting the Selefi-Eş'arî view. Apart from this work, al-Vesâya, which contains the wills, and Behceti Sultani al-evliyâ-i'l-Ârifîn ve'l-Aktâbi al-Kâmilî al-Sheikh b. Müsâfir al-Ümevî is mentioned in his works.

THE CHANGE OF LEAF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN MORUS ALBA DEPENDING ON TRAFFIC DENSITY

2024-08-29

In urban area have many pollutants that leads to dirtiness urban roads because of vehicles, car wheels, exhaust gases. These pollution resources effect to the improvement of living things in the urban environmental area they are in, the gathering of pollution reasons in the living people bodies, and some living things cause important deformations. These conglomerations and deformations that consist in the plants are used for the aim of determining the pollution deriving from the traffic density. The usage of plants as biomonitor is through designation of the amount of pollutants in the plant. Yet, pollutants leads to give some problems of plants, organs, tissues and cells. When these damages can sometimes see, and most of the damage is not visible to the bared eye. In this research, it purposed of to be detection for the variation of leaf micromorphological properties of Morus alba, which used widely in landscape researches in many regions of Turkey depending on the traffic density. For this aim, stoma images of leaf samples took from the areas where the traffic density is at different levels were gotten data by electron microscopy. The measurements made on these images were measured Stoma Length, Stoma Width, Stomatal Density, Pore Aperture and Pore Length. The obtained data measured as statistics and it attempted to detect how these characters changed according to traffic density.

GÜLŞEN-İ ZÜREFÂ: A PROSE STORIES BOOK

Halime ÇAVUŞOĞLU — 2024-08-29

Story whose start is as old as human history, though it is initiated in Turkish culture by Tanzimat period in modern terms, it had showed itself traditionally in different ways until pre-islamic term. Tradition of story continued its existence in Turkish culture by evolving in terms of structure, subject and source following the formation of post-islamic classical literature. One of the stories written within this tradition is Gülşen-i Zürefa which we will introduce in this study. There are stories inspired from classical eastern stories such as Arabian Nights, El-Ferec Ba'de'ş-Şidde in terms of content, mitologia and technical aspects inside this work. Also, some part of the stories are original work of the writer or adapted stories by the writer. There are total of 22 stories in this work. The events experienced in various geographic regions, from Egypt to England from Izmir to Edirne, are sometimes decorated with the elements of tales and sometimes gains a view which includes local and realist elements. While local stories reflect the social and political view and tradition of their time, they become fantastic and fascinating with tale features and supernatural elements in the stories written with the effects of classical Eastern stories. Hence, Gülşen-i Zürefâ, as a story collection written in post-classical term, is a part of our prose story tradition. It has an important place in terms of reflecting the evolvement of tradition throughout time in our classical literature.

EVALUATION OF ELECTIONS IN TURKEY AFTER 1980 YEARS IN THE LIGHT OF SINGLE TRANSFERABLE VOTE THEORY

Hamza ŞİMŞEK — 2024-08-29

As is known, prior to 2002, one of Turkey's most important problem was political stability. Until 2002 elections mostly established coalition governments and political stability could not be achieved. After a multi-party life, 65 governments were established in 67 years. In Single transferable vote theory majority rule is required. If at least one party couldn’t provide majority then that party which is gets minimum votes, removed from the party list. Parties classified as right and left parties and the distribution of votes will be done in this way. In our work we classify the parties as right, center right, left, center left and Conservative party and vote distribution done in this way. The following method shall be applied in the study; if the party from the list is left-wing, then this party be shifted to the left with a party. This process take place until a majority of the party is provided. the only transferable votes theorem in our work be applied to elections in Turkey after 1980. In this way, it examined whether there a change in the result of the elections. Particularly in the 1991, 1995 and 1999 elections, the results that would affect the electoral fate were reached. The June and November elections of 2015 are important in terms of not seeing the vote transfers and have given results that support our theory.

MECHANISTIC EXPLANATION VS. TELEOLOGICAL EXPLANATION IN ARISTOTLE

Esra ÇAĞRI MUTLU — 2024-08-29

Aristotle’s explanations on teleology focus more on issues related to the generation and growth of a living being. His views on teleology should be treated in a certain contrast with the philosophers who came before him, especially with the views of Democritus. For Democritus explains every movements and changes of beings with atoms and their movements in void by mechanistic explanation. Aristotle, on the other hand, says that such a material or mechanistic understanding can not give a complete explanation of nature or of everything that exists, because it is form, not matter, that gives the complete explanation of beings. According to him, the philosophers who were before him tried to explain all natural beings and their activities according to their material components. In this context, Aristotle’s explanations on beings will be analyzed through the contradictions between the two explanations.

WRONG WAYS TO EARN MONEY WITHOUT RISK AT FOREX MARKET

Hakan YILDIRIM — 2024-08-29

Recent decade forex market has become important market for Turkish investors because of some offers in terms of leverage, high profit and instant trading advantage. However, these offers can turn into a nightmare for i

COMPARISON OF TRADE ANALYSIS AND TURKISH LABOR MARKET IN TRA2 REGION (KARS, ARDAHAN, AĞRI VE IĞDIR)

Özlem EŞTÜRK — 2024-08-29

Employment is the main determinant of economic growth. The increase in employment will increase production and thus provide economic growth. In the study, it is aimed to evaluate the current situation in the TRA2 region by analyzing the labor force, employment and unemployment indicators which constitute the active population during the period of 2004-2016. In addition to this, the TRA2 region offers a solution for what to do by comparing the current situation of the labor force and employment with Turkey and TRA2 region, sectoral distribution of employment and the employment status based on the state of the employment were evaluated for the years 2004-2016. Various statistic of labor and employment situation in TRA2 region and Turkey are interpreted with tables and graphs.

THE METHODS TURKISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE TEACHERS USE CINEMA FILMS AS A MEANS OF EDUCATION IN THE CLASS

Halide Gamze İNCE YAKAR — 2024-08-29

This research aims to identify the ways in which the literature based films are used as a material in Turkish Language and Literature classes. In order to shed a light on the further practical studies regarding the use of cinema films in the class, it is important to identify teachers’ interests, perceptions and attitudes towards the subject. The method used in the research is a case study. The samples of the study consist of purposefully selected teachers who have’t got pedagogy education and currently work in İstanbul. The findings of the research have been interpreted under the following subtitles: (1) Teachers’ educational background regarding the use of films as audio-visual materials in the class, (2) In which classes and how often the teachers use films, (3) The ways the teachers use films in the class.

CAPPADOCIAN PORTRAITS OF LATE HELLENISTIC PERIOD: THE ARIOBARZANES DYNASTY

Meral HAKMAN — 2024-08-29

This study focuses on the portraits of Ariobarzanes Dynasty in Cappadocia in the 1st century BC. It aims to present the development of the regional portrait art in this period known as Late Hellenistic or Late Roman Republic by evaluating it in terms of both Cappadocia and the period. As there is no Cappadocian sculpture surviving to the day, the coin portraits belonging to the four kings of Ariobarzanes Dynasty were used as the source. Thanks to the coins which are as detailed as a work of sculpture, Ariobarzanes Dynasty of the Cappadocian kingdom portraits are revealed. The resulting data is important to evaluate the portraits’ representation of the period and to determine the regional portraiture influenced by the political developments, which will also be beneficial for Late Hellenistic sculpture.

ANALYSIS OF THE MOVIE SLUMDOG MILLIONAIRE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE RELATION BETWEEN CINEMA AND IDEOLO-GY

Serkan ÖZTÜRK — 2024-08-29

Even though the products of cinema in its early days which gets in human life with find out cinematograph in 1895 and the products of today are quite different, the first examples of the cinema are still affecting people. The Lumiere Brothers shot “Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat” which is a first example of cinema. This film made people in the cinema hall very excited. People who thought that the train would crush them, emptied the hall in fear. This was a first example that camera and cinema could be used as a frightening element. Cinema is mainly dealt within the context of artistic activities, but it has also been noticed from the earliest examples that the cinema is an important means of propaganda with the potential to influence masses. Moreover, this propaganda activity is effective not only in the context of thinking and acting in the desired direction but also in the fact that the false consciousness placed in mass becomes permanent. In this study, the ideological effects of the cinema are being investigated and the film "Slumdog Millionaire", which was shot by English director Danny Boyle in 2008, was selected as sample. Critical discourse analysis has been applied as a method to reveal the ideological influences of Slumdog Millionaire by examining the film; story, acting, space design and characters. The film captures the events in India and is perceived as an Indian film because of the players and the spaces used. However, it has been found that Film is exposed to Hollywood influences at a high level due to the ideology it has.

INTERPRETATION OF THE KONYA/SILLE IDENTITY COMPONENTS BY THE HISTORY TOLD DESIGN COMPETITIONS

Elif SÖNMEZ, Zeynep SADIKLAR , Alper TORUN — 2024-08-29

The recognition of cities is often provided with symbolic items. These symbols are sometimes chosen from the historical and cultural resources of the place, and sometimes from the natural and human characteristics. In the scope of this study, it was aimed to present the identity of Sille, which has become an important attraction, historical focus and alternate tourism site for the province of Konya, with images, symbols and urban furniture. While Sille city identity is examined, it is aimed to focus on the historical urban identity of the region. In this context, it was tried to draw attention to the region with its characteristics of possessing a historical legacy and past on “History Told: Sille/Konya” design competitions in the study. In this sense, two competitions were announced in scope of the study under the title of “History Told: Sille/Konya.” Each competitions had own different stages. When we look at the overall outcome of the competitions, it is clear that Sille's natural and human characteristics are at the foreground, and that each of the products feels natural and cultural values unique to Sille. And it is expected that the analyses that arose under the study will provide useful ideas for the development of Sille urban identity and direct attention to the region.

GESTURE AND AUDIENCE RELATIONSHIP IN THE THEATER

Duygu TOKSOY ÇEBER — 2024-08-29

In theatre, the gesture is defined as the body act of an actor that he/she made consciously and willingly. The gesture has been percieved in different forms at different times in theatre and also influenced by the staging forms and the acting styles of that times. In classic theatre, the gesture is more theatrical, exaggerated and ritualistic; offers privileged moments and is a value in communicating the audience and the actor. The naturalist-realist theatre deals the gesture with a naturalist form in a continuity through taking something from everyday life and representing everyday life. The gesture for Artaud is something that produces the language of the scene and allows the actor including all stage elements to communicate with the audience through that language. Richard Sennett claims that the public life was weakened and the actor-man left his place to the silent observer in the 19th century. According to Ulus Baker, modern man lost his gestures. Giorgio Agamben argues that the Western bourgeois lost its gestures at the end of the 19th century. This article aims to search the effects of the changing understanding of gesture upon the audience concept by following the changing in the concept of gesture.

TWITTER USAGE HABITS IN RADIO CHANNELS AND RADIO PROGRAMMERS

Gönül CENGİZ, Kenan BÖLÜKBAŞ — 2024-08-29

Radio adventure started with the first announcing voice rising from the basement of the Great Post in Istanbul Sirkeci in 1927; constantly changing, evolving, advancing to the present day. In the process that the radion, which is expressed as one of the traditional communication tools, has had to compete with alternative media tools, he tried to keep up with the changes of the kitten's usage habits of media tools. The new communication technologies that have developed in recent years have created new areas of communication where people can express their feelings and thoughts. Unlike traditional media, this new virtual environment, called social media, is very important in terms of providing mutual interaction opportunities unlike one-way communication. One of these social media platforms is Twitter. As a social media, Twitter offers radio channels and radio programmers the opportunity to reach and interact with their listeners. The purpose of this study is to conduct research into the usage patterns of Twitter and radio channels and programmers in our country and to uncover the remarkable aspects of using Twitter in radio broadcasting. In this context, the ten radio channels and the fourteen radio programmers who listened to the most in our country were examined for their presence on Twitter. In the research, radio channels and Twitter accounts of programmers were examined and an evaluation was made for the use of Twitter in radio broadcasting through the information in these accounts. In this study, we tried to understand social media usage habits by examining radio channels and Twitter accounts of program producers between 7th and 14th of November, 2017.

A SECRET OPPOSITION TO ROCK TO POWER: COMMITTEE OF UNION AND PROGRESS ASSOCIATION

İsmail EFE — 2024-08-29

I. constitutional monarchy after the reins of power to handle completely into the hands of Sultan II. Abdülhamit, the opposition movements started to implement a management style under pressure. However, despite all the pressures in the years 1881 and 1882, Sultan II. Abdulhamit has spawned opposition against. The first hidden in May 1889 as the İttihad-ı Osmani Society, chaired by Ahmet Rıza in Paris after, the Ottoman and the İttihad in the League of the Ottoman Freedom Society, was founded in 1906. The Ottoman society for progress and Union with the Ottoman Freedom Society on September 27, 1907, he merged under the name of the Ottoman society of Union and progress. After this rapidly growing community, Sultan II. Abdulhamit the management style is against all opponents of different views and a roof. Reval decisions taken, by Act of the Interview, II. constitutional monarchy announced and came to power

1926 IZMIR ASSASSINATION IN TURKISH NOVEL

Gonca ARKON TEKİNEL — 2024-08-29

Literature is an art that has pursued life since the beginning. It is possible to find the reflection of life’s every aspect in literature. Our novel, which deals with various issues and different scenes of Turkish social life since 1870, reflects the historical, social and cultural changes that took place after the Tanzimat. Significant developments in Turkish political life also take place in our novels. The case of Izmir Assassination, which caused quite remarkable results in terms of history of politics and law, was also handled by our novelists. İzmir Assassination is an assassination attempt planned to Gazi Mustafa Kemal who was in Izmir due to the dormitory visits in 1926. The assassination was not successful because it was informed earlier and numerous people who was found guilty including the assassins involved in the assassination scheme and the former Unionists who planned the assassination, were convicted and sentenced to death or imprisonment in the Courts of Independence. The aim of this study is to examine how i

SPOTLIGHT OF HITLER: NEVERENDING TRAUMA IN ART SPIEGELMAN’S GRAPHIC NOVEL MAUS

Kenan KOÇAK — 2024-08-29

Art Spiegelman is one of the world’s prominent graphic novelists. He published autobiographical two-volume book Maus A Survivor’s Tale I: My Father Bleeds History in 1986 and Maus A Survivor’s Tale II: And Here My Troubles Began in 1991, and then combined them in a single book in 2003. In these books, he tells his own ‘trauma’ of ‘holocaust’ within his father’s, Vladek who survived Hitler’s death camp Auschwitz. He uses animals for his characters and draws Jews as mice, and Nazis as cats. Additionally, he depicts Poles as pigs, Americans as dogs, British as fish, Gypsies as moths, and Swedes as reindeer. By using interesting chapter titles and metaphors, he successfully tells how ‘holocaust’ affected him. One of his strong metaphors is the spotlight that seen throughout the novel which is interpreted here as Hitler’s torch that projected onto victims, survivors and even their sons and daughters. Obviously, Spiegelman wants to stress that for survivors and their children, forgetting ‘holocaust’ and living without it is impossible. This paper studies the never-ending trauma through metaphors and characters in the above-mentioned graphic novel.

COMMUNICATION FUNCTION OF SACRIFICE AS A RELIGIOUS RITUAL

Beyler YETKİNER — 2024-08-29

In this study; the notion of sacrifice, communication between sacrificial beings and

THE FACTUAL REALITY AND VISUAL PRACTICES IN ART AND SCIENCE

Yıldız ERSAĞDIÇ — 2024-08-29

Aesthetic discoveries found in the reality of nature have not only caught the attention of artists. Since Ancient Greece, the artist has primarily approached objects in nature as a science that should be researched; analysing nature and human anatomy based on a comparison of art work. While developments in science have made it possible for the artist to see objects on Earth from a different perspective, over time, the artist’s admiration for scientific developments, especially with Renaissance, has reached its peak. Mathematical and analytical principals held under an objective reality in this period have been the artists’ main point of reference. Apart from art’s interest in scientific developments; scientists have also shown interest in aesthetic values, and while dealing with objective reality, they have not concealed their admiration for the aesthetic data they have come across. The mathematical ratio in the reality of nature has been a criterion in the formation of the beautiful and aesthetic object. Thus, apart from the artist who is after the beauty and harmony in nature, the scientist has also pursued aesthetic ratios and tried to grasp laws of nature from a different perspective, in every step in the development of science. As of the Ancient Greeks, scientific research has awoken artists’ interests. This interest in objective reality started with the Greeks, and with Renaissance, once again became the focal point of the artist. The successive advancement of scientific developments effects artists who have come after Renaissance too. Renaissance artists concerned with drawing correct forms find themselves in an understanding of beauty that is founded by geometric relations and a mathematical perception. The search for reality in Renaissance has spread to other artists as a form of necessity. The discovery of perspective has not only been the focus of artists seeking objectivity but also landscape artists. By shaping the reality of nature with the rules of perspective based on observing nature, landscape artists have perceived art as a field of research towards the laws of nature. Cubism’s research based on scientific, mathematical and technological foundations have steered the methodology of art during its advancement process. In the historical course of art, we have seen that it has been concerned with science as a factual reality. As every development in science impacts society, it has also impacted the artist. In this sense, many artists have acted in parallel to scientific developments and it has been an inevitable process in which science that has transformed societies has also transformed art.

IRONY IN THE NOVEL OF ‘ARABA SEVDASI’ BY RECAİZADE MAHMUD EKREM

Nusret YILMAZ — 2024-08-29

Irony is a literary art which no artist ignores who produces work in the literary world. The art of irony is preferred more in the periods when there are especially social changes and transformations. Irony which tries to reveal the hidden fact under the superficial images of the events and phenomenon, alludes to a cover which hides an unseen fact, the facts that everyone knows. In this sense, ‘Araba Sevdası’ which we examine is an ironic reflection of changing human type of the period after Reforms when great turmoil appeared. The funniness of the events he tells and Mr Bihruz typology reflect dreary thoughts rather than rough smiles. The author’s novel which he describes as a joke is like a summary of the Ottoman’s broken paradigm. Mr Bihruz is a result of outrageous ‘new’ which the hate for the ‘old’ causes. Through a character who is fake with his whole life, thought, motions and tastes, Recaizade Mahmut satires wrong westernization. The relation of the East which Bihruz addicted to the ‘New’ and the East which Ms Periveş who is fallen in love represents, is described with funny attempts throuhout the novel. These funny events are reflections of the imaginary world one character stuck between two worlds, incapable in front of the fact. The author criticizes strongly the European manners which was widespread in that period with the irony of a spendthrift snob.

MUSIC EDUCATORS’ VIEWS ON SOUND RECORDING AND ARRANGEMENT SOFTWARE

Avşar YENGİN, Gökhan ÖZDEMİR — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to identify the music educators’ knowledge about sound recording and arrangement softwares, their attitudes towards these kind of softwares and to what degree they benefit from them. The research data were collected by using a semi-structured interview form, which was developed by the researcher. Before the interview form was applied, main features of the sound recording and arrangement software which belongs to three different companies determined by the researchers, were explained and demonstrated by simple practices. The opinions of the music educators, who participated in the application, were taken by using a semi-structured interview form. The interview was held by obtaining the participants’ sound recordings personally. Those recordings were listened carefully and analysed. The data collected were summarized by using descriptive analysis technique and they were interpreted, and content analysis was made. As a result of this research which was done, it was determined that the majority of the music educators, who participated in the study, have knowledge of sound recording and arrangement softwares, however, only a few of them are able to use those softwares actively. The majority of the music teachers, who participated in the study, think that they can benefit from those softwares mostly to form an acompaniment for asong.

PSYCHIATRIC SOCIAL WORK NEEDS OF FAMILIES HAVING CHILDREN WITH MENTAL HEALTH DISEASES IN TURKEY

Ezgi ARSLAN ÖZDEMİR, Fulya AKGÜL GÖK , Veli DUYAN — 2024-08-29

In Turkey i

GIVE EAR TO OTTOMAN LITERARY TEXT: THE FORMATION OF ANALOGIES AND SAYINGS AROUND EAR WORD

Kadriye HOCAOĞLU ALAGÖZ — 2024-08-29

The ear in classical Turkish poetry used by poets to reflect the worlds of emotions and thoughts, with the prevalence of both meaningful and metaphoric meanings. It is common for ear to simile to rose, “sadef”, violet, well or chalice. It is also striking that the poet who has included metaphorical sayings around ear in his poem, is in an effort to capture different sayings. Apart from its widespread use this paper will give examples of different analogies and utterances related to the ear used in classical Turkish poetry and try to reveal the meaning of the analogies created from the couplets.

ANALYZING “THE HURT LOCKER” ON GRAMSCI’S CONCEPT OF HEGEMONY

Said TUĞCU — 2024-08-29

After 9/11 United States of America has adopted war on teror policy and has intervened in many countries under the name of this policy. In this context, to create its own hegemony and ideology USA has used mass media for spreading this political discourse. And Hollywood used effectively for creating political discourse and ideological and hegemonic structure. In this study “The Hurt Locker” analyzed by Van Dijk’s ideological discourse analysis and Hollywood’s approach the terorism is revealed on the Gramsci’s concept of Hegemony.

OPINIONS OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS FOR WASTE OBJECTS: THE EXAMPLE OF IZMIR PROVINCE

Firdevs SAGLAM — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to explore the opinions of middle school students related to the use of waste objects. In order to define students’ attitudes to AN, Waste Objects Opinion Scale (Sağlam, Yurdabakan, 2016) was used. This scale, consisting of 24 attitude items and three sub-dimensions, is a five-point Likert type scale. The alpha reliability coefficient for the subscales ranges from 0.75 to 0.82. This study was realized in the spring semester of 2016 year with the participation of 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade students from one middle school in Izmir. Working group of the study is consisted of 471 middle school students who are 242 (51%) female and 229 (49%) male. Analyzes were made by using SPSS 24 packet program. Descriptive statistics such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation was calculated. According to investigated variables, The Data were analyzed by using t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the findings of the study, it was seen that the opinions of middle school students showed a meaningful difference according to the genders. Additionally, the present study showed us a significant difference in the benefit subscale of the scale by the classes.

THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON PROFITABILITY: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS FOR BIST IT INDEX FIRMS

Ahmet Oğuz AKGÜNEŞ — 2024-08-29

The IT sector has become an indispensable industry thanks to its facilities and technological possibilities that have gained an important place in the world. Today, it is possible to see important traces from health to communication, from transportation to defense in most areas of the field. Companies in this sector that produce technology and technological products that have entered our lives in this way, must be sustainable. In the study, the effect of capital structures on the profitability of the firms was observed by using the financial data of 12 of the 14 firms in the BIST IT Index, which represents IT firms. In the study, quarterly data between 2010 and 2016 is used. Return of Equity (ROE) calculated as dependent variable. Also Equity / Total Equity and Liabilities, Long Term Liabilities / Total Equity and Liabilities, Short term liabilities / Total Equity and Liabilities and Liabilities / Total Equity and Liabilities ratios used as independent variables. According to panel regression results only Equity / Total Equity and Liabilities ratio effect ROE and the direction of thi effect is negative.

DETERMINING AND EVALUATING DIMENSIONS OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT IN RECREATIONAL SPORTS FACILITIES: SAMPLE OF ESKIŞEHIR

Anıl Onur MERCANOĞLU, Alican BAYRAM , Hüseyin KÖSE , Kaan TURGUTKAYA — 2024-08-29

It can be said that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has an important role for recreational sports facilities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and evaluate dimensions of CRM in recreational sports facilities. In order to determine dimensions of CRM approach that perceived by recreational sports facility customers in our country, the scale which was developed by De Wulf et al. (2001) applied to the recreational sports facility customers. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine factor loads. As a result of exploratory factor analysis six dimensions were revealed. These dimensions are named as relationship quality, customer orientation, communication by mail/sms, activities, preferential treatment, continuity. Most of items which belongs to “trust”, “relationship commitment”, “relationship quality and relationship satisfaction” dimensions are grouped under “relationship quality” dimension. Items which belongs to “interpersonal communication” and “perceived relationship investment” dimensions are grouped under “customer orientation” dimension.

INVESTIGATION THE LEVELS OF CYBER BULLYING SENSITIVITY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

Yağmur KERSE, Gökhan KERSE — 2024-08-29

The developments in knowledge and communication technologies have led to the emerging of numerous negative attitudes as well as variety of benefits they provide. One of those attitudes is “cyber-bullying”. Cyberbullying is the aggressive, humiliating, offending and harming attitudes which the i

COMPARISON OF CRONBACH Α AND MCDONALDS Ω RELIABILITY COEFICIENTS IN REAL DATA

Nermin KIBRISLIOĞLU UYSAL, Sibel AYDOĞAN , Nuri DOĞAN — 2024-08-29

The purpose of this study was to investigate descriptive characteristics of unidimensional real data sets and comparison of α and ω reliability coefficients in case of congeneric data sets. In the study four different data sets were used. In the first phase, descriptive characteristics of data sets were examined and determined whether they are congeneric or not. After, α and ω reliability coefficients were calculated and compared. α coefficient were calculated in two ways: variance based (α1) and factor loadings based (α2). The results of the study indicated that all data sets used in the study were congeneric. When reliability coefficients were compared, for all data sets it is indicated that the highest reliability value was factor loading based α2 coefficient following ω and variance based α1 coefficient in order. However, the difference between ω and α1 coefficients was not significant in practice.

THE ART OF TURKISH BOOKBINDING AND FEATURES

Feyzi AYDIN — 2024-08-29

Turks have dominated many different regions and continents for thousands of years. By combining their own values with the culture of civilizations in this land, they have created a rich understanding of art. The belief system, which is one of the most important factors affecting the art as well as the lives of the societies, has also given an important dimension to the experience of the Turks and the understanding of art. After the acceptance of Islam, the desire to reach beauty has been shaped by a unique identity and the craving for real creator has become one of the goals of the art. This perspective is combined with the abstract spirituality and imagination of Islamic culture, and the branches of art that we practiced and examined today emerged. The most important of them is the art of Turkish book binding.

USING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN ORGANIZATIONS AS AN ETHICAL MARKETING APPROACH AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS: AN APLICATION IN THE GSM SECTOR

Gamze YAKAR, Murat ÖZ — 2024-08-29

As consumers consider companies’ interactions in between environment and community besides the product’s functionalities, price and quality; and their effectiveness on not only ethical standarts but also social benefits, corporate social responsibilities and ethical marketing have become a necessity for companies. The purpose of this study is to investigate consumers’ belief on companies which they have ethical sensitivity and involve in corporate social responsibility notion and marketing ethics. For that purpose, the concepts of corporate social responsibility and marketing ethic are being analysed in detail. A questionnaire was conducted in the related GSM sector and the obtained data were interpreted with the aid of various statistical analyzes. According to the results of the research, it is seen that the applications of enterprise social responsibility and ethical reputation are important in GSM operator selection of GSM operator users.

PERSONALIZATION OF ACADEMIC OFFICES IN ALGORITHM AND MECHANICAL SIZE; S.U. FACULTY OF FINE ARTS

Mine SUNGUR, Hatice ÇINAR , M.Kübra MÜEZZİNOĞLU — 2024-08-29

Today, people do a great deal of their work indoors, namely in their offices. Employees want to set up a structure so that they can continue their work activities in the office in an accurate and uninterrupted manner. This order; has a great significance for the user's working morale / motivation to be maintained in an integrity along with all the spatial and perceptive features. Users make some spatial arrangements inside their offices to personalize the space and try to create a space suitable for their experience. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial arrangement that the various academicians who work in different departments within the Faculty of Fine Arts of Selçuk University have done for the personalization of the their offices. Within the scope of the research, it was researched how personalizations in the perceptual dimension affect the morale / motivation environment in the office space and the physical environment by the personalization in the spatial dimension. As a result of the study; it is emphasized that through perceptual and spatial personalization, the physical and moral environment can be affected positively, not a standard that can increase performance with morale / motivation in offices. Thus, users will be able to reflect the emotions and life culture in their offices as in a stage via personalization .

THE ROLE OF MYTHOLOGY IN BIRTH OF THE TURKISH CONSCIOUSNESS AND AESTHETICS

Fariz YILDIRIM — 2024-08-29

Myth, which reflects a complex cultural reality, becomes one of the dominant instruments of national aesthetic together with the importance of folklore in the nation building system. As reflected on Turkish nationalism, myth is possible to transform into a unique source that carries on the undisturbed national consciousness, which in this respect is the reference to the national identity, and determines the norm, identifies the root, serves as a model in the solution of the current affairs, nurtures the sense of self-sacrifice and provides the uniqueness and authenticity necessary for the nation. The Ottoman intellectuals, who are aware of the nation-building experiences of the period and their cultural roots and pecularity, are searching for the development of the national spirit that will lead to national liberation in the national language and culture. According to these intellectuals, rejecting the present, myth is cure of the social and political decline of the time. Myth in this form fictionalizes dynamics of progress which should be achieved and negociated. It is the myth of Ergenekon that seeds the idea and rhetoric of liberation as a womb to be sheltered and rebirthed. The symbolism required by national aesthetics is substantially derived from Ergenekon.

A STUDY ON THE SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY AND RESEARCH ON BARRIERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSULTANCY SECTOR IN TURKEY

Özge Alev SÖNMEZ ÇALIŞ, Adem UĞUR , Aykut GÜNER — 2024-08-29

The International Labour Organization (ILO) by management consulting; managers and their organizations to analyze to figure out the practical problems that face the organization, to improve the performance of other managers and organizations learn from the experiences of new business opportunities and help to use a professional service that is considered useful. Qualified management consulting practices in the business world are one of the key elements that significantly increase the market and competitive performance of companies. However, since the management consultancy in Turkey depends on the demand, neither the public nor the private sector can reach the desired level yet. The management consultancy, which is in the development stage in Turkey, seems to be unable to catch up with the development of the world due to various problems. The purpose of this study is to examine the obstacles in the development of the management consulting sector in Turkey with the scope of management consulting. The findings of the study will be useful in understanding all aspects of management, advisors, vocational counselors and academics who will conduct research in this area.

EVALUATION THE FUNCTIONS OF PYHSICAL ENVIROMENT FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF CUSTOMERS IN FIRST CLASS RESTAURANT BUSINESSES: A SAMPLE OF TRIPADVISOR

Serap ÖZDEMİR GÜZEL — 2024-08-29

Over the past few years, the importance of the concept of physical environment has been emphasized in the food and beverage industry. The physical environment also has a large share in addition to the service guality in the differentiation of enterprises from their competitors. This study aims to evaluate the status of the physical environment in first class restaurants operating tourism business in Istanbul in terms of customer comments on Tripadvisor. The data obtained in line with this purpose were analyzed by content analysis and it is revealed which physical environmental elements are in the forefront. As a result of the findings obtained from the customer comments, have reached to the result of the comment about the "atmosphere" theme mostly from the physical environment elements.

SYRIAAL STRAINS AND SOCIAL EFFECTS ON LOCAL PEOPLE: EXAMPLE OF ELAZIG

Pelin BUDAK, Merve SEFA DEMİR , Mehmet TAN , Murat SARI — 2024-08-29

The increasing number of asylum seekers since 2011, when the migration movement started in Syria due to the war and security problem in Syria, has caused some changes in the attitudes and perceptions of the local people. Economic and socio-cultural factors at the most basic level affect both immigrants and migratory communities in a way that leads to the emergence of differences and problems. In this study, it is aimed to analyze and determine what are the factors that affect the perceptions, beliefs and behaviors of the local people towards Syrian asylum seekers. The local people are aimed at Syrian refugees; social, economic, socio-cultural differences, security, adaptation and adaptation, socialization, and what they think they are. In this study, which is a qualitative study, snowboarding method was applied and 30 people from two localities in the two most visited places were interviewed. Economic, security, adaptation, socio-cultural etc. against the Syrian refugees. a questionnaire consisting of a number of questions has been prepared to determine how they perceive themselves as having such perceptions.

EVALUATION OF THE PERSONAL NAMES IN ANKARA: FROM PAST TO PRESENT

İbrahim YILMAZ — 2024-08-29

Personal names are cultural elements which reflect society’s morals, regards, world-view, customs and traditions. It is also important to evaluate the personal names in the historical process with regards to observing the cultural and lexical changes. Court records are most important sources of the Turkish political, legal and social life in the Ottoman period. These documents are leads the onomastics researchers because they are guidelines for determining personal, ware and location names. In this study, the personal names in Ankara will be handled These names will be analyzed in point of their origins, and frequency for use. It is aimed to reveal the differentation of personal names in Ankara during the historical process. For this, at first, the personal names in the Court Records Number 2 (1588-1590) will be compared with the personal names in the Court Records Number 61 (1680-1682). Then, commonly used personal names in Ankara in the present and the most preferred personal names in Ankara in 2016 will be examined based on the data of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT).

REVIEW OF ONLINE RESERVATION QUALITY PERCEPTION AND THESE PERCEIVED RISK FACTORS IN TOURISM SECTOR

Necmiye GENÇ — 2024-08-29

This study intends to review online reservation quality perception and perceived risk factors in tourism sector. This study has been performed on consumers (n:359) made online reservation in tourism sector. Data from Participants has been collected by means of “Website Quality Perception” scale developed by Ayazlar and Yüksel (2012). This scale consists of 7 sub-class; these are “Availability of Information”, “Interaction Security”, “Visuality”, “Perceived Risk”, “Purchase Regret”, “Purchase Anxiety” and “Revisit”. Cronbach Alpha Value of 5 point likert scale is 0,823. From the results of this study, it is seen that there is a significant statistical difference (p=0,042) with respect to Visuality scale point between girls and boys and Visuality scale point of boys has been determined as lower than girls’ one. Significant statistical difference (p<0,001) has been detected with respect to Purchase Regret scale point between girls and boys. Purchase Regret scale point of Boys is higher than girls’ ones. In addition to this, Significant statistical difference (p<0,001) has been detected with respect to Availability of Information scale point between study groups. High-school graduates has lower Availability of Information scale point.

ADVERTISING GAMES, ADVERGAMING

Oğuz YAVUZYILMAZ — 2024-08-29

Creating brand loyalty has become very difficult nowadays, because consumers are exposed to too many advertising messages, Consumers have recently become increasingly influential on the product. Consumers are increasingly aware of the fact that it takes more control and is the true king itself. This control is not through traditional advertising campaigns; Can play an active role, such as through participating processes are realized such as internet. As a social entity, people can establish close ties and relationships with brands through these activities.The intense use of mobile life, the presence of at least one mobile phone that everyone does not have, factors such as being able to access the internet and mobile networks at any time on the mobile phones give an invaluable opportunityto the marketers. At this point, " "Advertising" computer games, which can be called "Advergame" or "Advertising Games", are accessible to consumers through internet and web based applications. These games consist of feeding / hiding the product and brand into the game with Internet, web and mobile applications. In this study, "Advergame", the games made for advertising purposes, are explained in detail. Examples of successful "Advergame" applications have been evaluated in Turkey and in the world.

ATTITUDES TOWARDS SCHOOL AND PEER BULLYING BETWEEN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS'

Ayşe ÖZADA, Veli DUYAN — 2024-08-29

Peer bullying is a common aggression behavior seen all over the world and it has a multi-factor structure. Although there is a lot of research on the nature and causes of the peer bullying, the number of studies examining attitudes towards school and peer bullying is very limited. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of bullying in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) high schools and to examine the relation of youth attitudes towards school life and peer bullying. Relational screening model was used in the research. The data were collected via the personal information form prepared by the researcher and the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. The research was conducted with 916 students studying in TRNC public high schools. In the research, it was determined that 9% of the students were victims, 7% were bullies and 5% were bullies/victims. In this study a meaningful relationship was found between students' attitudes towards school and bully, victim and bully/victim status. According to findings; it has been determined that those who do not like school are more bully and those who love school are less bully.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF ANIMATION APPLICATIONS ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COURSE

Mestan BOYACI, Sedat YÜKSEL — 2024-08-29

The objective of this study is to present the influence of the animated applications on the performance of science and technology course students. For this purpose, the constructivist approach supported by animations has been investigated in “Living Creatures & Energy Relations’’ topic on the 8th year class secondary school students’ success. An achievement test has been developed as a data gathering tool and this test has been utilized as pre and post testing. According to the results obtained, the constructivist approach supported by animations applied on the experimental group has been more affective to increase the academical success than the constructivist approach applied on the control group.

SHAKESPEARE’S TROILUS AND CRESSIDA AS A PROBLEM PLAY

Ekmel Emrah HAKMAN — 2024-08-29

This paper focuses on the problem play elements in Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida. There are such elements in and about this play that enable the critics to categorize it as a problem play. Publication problems, elements of comedy, satire, and irony, elements of tragedy, problems with the unity of action, its tragic plot, and Shakespearean concept of tragedy, Shakespeare`s sources and possible reason for his alterations compared to his sources, and his characterization are the major reasons for the argument of this paper. Comments by certain critics will also be provided to help reinforce the problematic issues of Troilus and Cressida. All such arguments are clear indications of how Shakespeare’s Troilus and Criseyde is constructed deliberately by Shakespeare in its current state which is termed as a problem play recently.

STRATEGIC MARKETING MANAGEMENT; BUILDING A FOUNDA-TION FOR YOUR FUTURE

Filiz ASLAN ÇETİN — 2024-08-29

This workbook is designed to help firms and i