The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2026 Issue 176

CAUSES FOR EMPLOYEE' PROCRASTINATION: DEPRESSION, STRESS, ANXIETY, BURNOUT AND HEXACO MODEL OF PERSONALITY

2026-05-29

Procrastination is a deficiency in self-regulation capacity that manifests as a delay in starting or continuing a task (or job) on time. Its etiology is comprised of several factors, including difficulty in decision-making, task avoidance, negative attitudes toward control, perfectionism, risk-taking, inability to express oneself, and fear of failure. This study aimed to examine depression, stress, anxiety, burnout, and personality traits using the HEXACO personality model as causes of procrastination in individuals employed in income-generating jobs. The study included a total of 1623 employed individuals aged 18-75 years (mean = 33.08; s = 10.83), comprising 789 men (48.60%) and 834 women (51.40%). Participants were administered the A Procrastination Scale-15, CES Depression Scale, A Work Stress Scale-20, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Burnout Scale, and HEXACO Personality Inventory. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to explain the variance in procrastination. When depression, stress, anxiety, and burnout were considered as predictors of procrastination, it was found that depression, stress, and burnout explained 19% of the variance in procrastination (Model 1). When personality measures were considered as predictors of procrastination, all six factors entered the equation and were found to be predictors of procrastination. In this model, personality factors explained 31% of the variance in procrastination (Model 2). In the final stage, when all variables were considered together, it was found that depression, stress, burnout, Honesty-Humility, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness predicted procrastination, while anxiety, Emotionality, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience did not. In this model, the explained variance in procrastination was determined to be 37% (Model 3).

THE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT OF ECONOMIC FACTORS: A SHRINKING FAMILY IN A GROWING ECONOMY

Barış AYTEKİN — 2026-05-29

It can be said that economic factors exert their strongest influence on the social sphere within the family. Historically, the "closed family economy," which was once a shared (and therefore large) "closed family economy" in which production and consumption processes were inseparable, has today transformed into the smallest (and therefore unhappy) unit, where specialization and individualism are paramount. In this respect, the production, consumption, sharing, and communication networks that foster the family's unity and (in a sense) strength have been fragmented. Despite the significant impact of economic development and enrichment (increased consumption, powerful communication tools, speed of transportation, etc.), the family is now small and unhappy. This study examines the family institution as an example of the socio-cultural impact of economic factors. The economic and social function of the family institution is constantly changing along with the transformations occurring in the economic structure. From an economic history perspective, there are different approaches to the change and transformation of the family as a social institution. These approaches are defined based on the historical transformation of the production and consumption structure. On the other hand, family organization and the economic behavior patterns of individuals also play a role in the transformation of the family.

FROM “RESENTMENT” TO “RESSENTIMENT”: THE ENDLESS CYCLE OF REVENGE IN KISKANMAK

Ferda ZAMBAK — 2026-05-29

Nahid Sırrı Örik’s novel Kıskanmak is structured around the fictional construction of an affective state that appears on the surface as jealousy but is rooted more deeply in “resentment” as embodied in the protagonist, Seniha. The novel traces how the systematic exclusion and deprivation of maternal affection that Seniha experiences gradually transform into an irreparable withdrawal and a desire for revenge. Subjected to various injustices and neglect in comparison to her brother Halit, Seniha develops a growing “resentment” under the stigma of being labeled “ugly,” a stigma that increasingly shapes her inner world. This study examines how the humiliating discourses surrounding Seniha’s body produce a narrative framework that obstructs her access to love and compassion, and how this framework gradually nourishes resentment, ultimately transforming it into “ressentiment”. Kıskanmak renders resentment visible not as a moral deviation, but as an outcome produced by gender norms, body politics, and intra-familial inequality. The article aims to illuminate the distinction between “resentment” as a force that can motivate action and sustain a demand for justice, and its destructive dimension when it fails to transform into action and instead corrodes the subject internally. This distinction will be examined through the theoretical perspectives of Nietzsche and Max Scheler on “resentment” and “ressentiment”, emphasizing that Seniha’s transformation should be understood not merely as an individual psychological condition but as a consequence shaped by social structures.

REPRODUCING FOLK CULTURE IN ACADEMIC BALLET: RUSSIA AND TÜRKİYE THROUGH THE CASE OF KÖÇEKÇE

Yağmur ARINLISabina GANİOĞLU ,Emire Pınar TATAR ARIK — 2026-05-29

This study examines the reconstruction of folk culture within academic art forms through a comparative framework focusing on Russia and Türkiye. The research analyzes Igor Moiseyev’s stage folklore model in Russia alongside the institutional formation of ballet and the State Folk Dance Ensemble in Türkiye within the context of Republican cultural policies. While the Moiseyev model systematized and institutionalized folk dances through stylization within a pedagogical and state-supported structure, in the Turkish case folklore was reinterpreted both within the discipline of classical ballet and through the institutional framework of a state-sponsored folk dance ensemble. Ulvi Cemal Erkin’s 1943 orchestral rhapsody Köçekçe represents a significant example of the transformation of folk material into a polyphonic musical structure, thereby providing an aesthetic foundation for subsequent ballet adaptations. The 1973 staging of Köçekçe by Alfred Rodriguez, the 1981 ballet Düğün choreographed by Güloya Gürelli Aruoba, and the productions of the State Folk Dance Ensemble demonstrate how folk material was reconstructed through different aesthetic and institutional strategies in stage performance. The study argues that folklore in stage arts does not function as a mere preservation or direct transfer of tradition; rather, it operates as an aesthetic and ideological reconfiguration shaped by cultural policy and institutional frameworks. Through this comparative analysis, the role of ballet and folk dance institutions in the construction of national identity through stage language is critically discussed.

EVALUATION OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS’ VIEWS ON MIGRANT STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Ruyam KÜÇÜKSÜLEYMANOĞLUGamze TOKTAY — 2026-05-29

In this study, it was aimed to obtain information about the work of school administrators with immigrant students in the context of inclusive education and to reach their opinions. Qualitative research method was used in the study. The study group of the research consists of 12 school administrators working in Bursa-Gemlik district having more than ten immigrant students in their schools. The participants were asked questions with a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. As a result of the research, it was seen that the inclusive education activities carried out in schools included activities within the scope of the official duties of school administrators, strategic plans and related activities, guidance activities, language support, adaptation activities and PIKTES activities. The problems faced by migrant students mentioned by school administrators are language problems of students and parents, bullying, uncertainty, access to education, adaptation problems, financial inadequacies and academic failure. Lack of knowledge and prejudices of teachers is another problem area mentioned by school administrators. School administrators also stated that the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) is responsible for the "Foreign National Student Exam", equivalency and legislative problems. In the study, school administrators stated that teachers should be supported and encouraged in the context of inclusive education, students and parents should be supported in language, and a common program should be implemented by the MoNE in language education. It was suggested that migrant students should be supported by professionals such as social workers as they need more specialized work. Vocational courses and financial support were suggested. In order to reduce the educational losses of migrant students, it was suggested that they should be placed in classes appropriate to their age, physical and cognitive features and that more than one grade should be skipped when necessary. It was also suggested that MoNE should share good practices and distribute migrant students equally to all schools.

COMPASSION FATIGUE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN TÜRKİYE: AN EVALUATION BASED ON PUBMED LITERATURE

Erhan KILINÇ — 2026-05-29

This study aims to systematically review research on compassion fatigue among healthcare workers in Türkiye indexed in the PubMed database. Compassion fatigue is defined as physical and emotional exhaustion resulting from the desire to help traumatized or suffering individuals and the emotional transference experienced during this process, consisting of two main components: secondary traumatic stress and professional burnout. The review evaluates studies conducted in various clinical settings, including emergency departments, intensive care units, dialysis, oncology, midwifery, maternity, psychiatry, and disaster situations. Findings indicate that compassion fatigue reduces life satisfaction at the individual level, triggers psychological issues such as brain fog and imposter phenomenon, while professionally it leads to impaired professional self-concept, increased missed nursing care incidents, and compromised patient safety. Female gender, younger age, and neurotic personality traits emerge as risk factors, whereas self-compassion, mindfulness, and employee-oriented leadership serve as protective factors. Effective prevention strategies include mindfulness-based training, strengthening psychological capital, employee-oriented leadership practices, workload management, supportive clinical supervision, and violence prevention policies. This study aims to guide healthcare institutions and policymakers in developing evidence-based strategies to protect healthcare workers' mental health.

SYNCHRONIC PROBLEMS IN THE DIDACTICS OF SPANISH AND TURKISH IN ALBANIA

MA. Alba BEQAJAdriatik DERJAJ — 2026-05-29

Albanian is one of the languages of the Indo-European language family. Within this family, it stands alone like Greek and Celtic, having no connection with the Latin, Germanic, or Slavic languages. During the communist system, Albanians were not only closed off economically and politically but also lived isolated for half a century from the languages of both neighboring and non-neighboring nations. However, this isolation and prohibition could not suppress foreign language learning; on the contrary, it increased it many times over. In certain periods of this system, Russian was the official language of education and science as a foreign language. Similarly, the reference books we used in the faculties of Philology were in Russian. Moreover, Marxist-Leninist Philosophy of Language or Theory was in effect as a language ideology (since it is outside the scope of our topic, we will not elaborate further on this). Although it is difficult to understand the real reasons today, despite our citizens learning this language from secondary school to university, somehow society as a whole did not warm to it. In the late 1990s, with the collapse of the communist system, we witnessed a sudden break. (This situation occurred for the second time among Albanians. A similar situation had been observed when the Ottoman Empire withdrew from the region in 1912.) During the communist period, despite the ban, our people secretly followed radio and television channels of neighboring countries (Italy, Greece, and Yugoslavia) with handmade antennas and easily began learning these languages. It should be emphasized that people did not have Italian or Greek grammar books in their hands. On the other hand, we know that during the same period, educated groups learned French or English. This method of education, called autodidactic (self-taught) learning, took place without teachers. As can be understood, we can only call this personal-visual foreign language learning. The success of these foreign language teaching-learning methods, carried out under difficult conditions and without teachers, may lead linguists to ask “why” and “how” questions. Linguists working in sociolinguistics or psycholinguistics may give different answers to these questions, but we have only one answer: love and sympathy.

EVALUATING THE FACTORS DETERMINING CONTINUITY OF USE IN CAMPUS OPEN GREEN SPACES THROUGH UNDERUTILIZATION

Demet Ülkü GÜLPINAR SEKBAN — 2026-05-29

This study aims to examine the factors determining continuity of use in open green spaces on university campuses. The research was conducted through the case of the landscape design area implemented in 2022 around the Department of Forest Industry Engineering at Karadeniz Technical University. The main point of departure of the study is that this area, which was originally designed to promote active use, gradually lost its intensity of use over time and became partially underutilized. Within this scope, the parameters affecting continuity of use were identified through a literature review and classified under spatial, natural/landscape, and environmental/socio-spatial dimensions. Subsequently, the opinions of a total of 24 experts from the fields of landscape architecture and urban planning were obtained, and the relative importance levels of the parameters were evaluated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The priority weights obtained were interpreted together with the present-weak-absent analysis carried out in the case study area. The findings revealed that the most influential parameters in continuity of use were tree canopy, perceived safety, educational status, thermal comfort, and greenery, vegetation cover. In contrast, significant deficiencies were identified in the study area, particularly in terms of tree canopy, thermal comfort, perceived safety, vegetation quality, and perceived accessibility. Although some basic amenities, such as seating areas and walking paths, were present, these elements alone were found to be insufficient to ensure the continuous use of the area. As a result, the study demonstrates that continuity of use in campus open green spaces depends not only on the presence of physical amenities, but also on environmental quality, spatial comfort, safety, and user experience. Accordingly, increasing shading capacity, strengthening planting design, improving thermal comfort, and developing safer spatial arrangements are recommended.

COVERAGE RATIOS OF SHORT-TERM TRADE RECEIVABLES TO LIQUIDITY RELATED VARIABLES

Ali Faruk AÇIKGÖZ — 2026-05-29

Trade (or account) receivables directly affect the liquidity of the firms, not only in quantity and quality but also being collected or not. The study, which examines the long-term outlook for the all-real sector firms for two time periods in Türkiye, aims to determine the short-term levels of trade receivables over the basic content and the sum of current assets and over the basic content and the sum of short-term liabilities, over total assets, and over the total of net sales along with the general position of trade receivables among the other liquidity variables in the short-term. The study would favourably serve and therefore facilitate to set the balance of liquidity risks on which cash and equivalents, securities, inventories in the current assets with the liquidity order that might have positive effects, and especially on trade payables and financial debt in the short-term liabilities that might have negative effects. Thus, the study has results and suggestions that are expected to subsidize in controlling the risks on the levels of the trade receivables and for not passing over general levels so as to generate substantial risks to the firms in order to improve their sales and marketing policies, and also in managing the risks on current assets, short-term liabilities, total assets and net sales along with the coordination of the multi-dimensional risk balance thereunto.

A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY ON SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF INTEGRİTY: PERSPECTIVES OF ADMINISTRATORS AND TEACHERS

Özgür Sami AKGÜLAlev ÖZEN ,Habib ÖZKAN — 2026-05-29

Integrity, as one of the fundamental components of moral capital, represents the consistency between an individual’s core values and their actions in professional and social life. This concept is of critical importance for educational administrators in terms of maintaining an honest and decisive stance without compromising ethical principles during times of crisis. This study aims to examine school administrators' perceptions of their level of integrity within the context of both their internal consistency and the external reflections observed by teachers. The study employed a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research approaches. The study group consisted of 15 teachers and 8 school administrators working in the province of Gaziantep. Data collected through semi-structured interview forms were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The research findings indicate a general alignment between the views of teachers and administrators along the axis of ethical values and moral capital. Specifically, while the supportive attitude of administrators in the process of achieving academic goals was received positively by teachers, a significant perceptual difference was identified between the two groups regarding decision-making processes. It has been observed that the vast majority of teachers adopt a participatory approach based on collective intelligence, whereas administrators define integrity primarily through adherence to legislation and regulations. In light of the results obtained from the study, which determined that an objective approach is adopted in performance evaluation processes, recommendations for practitioners and researchers have been presented.

BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN SCIENCE EDUCATION

Ulaş KUBAT — 2026-05-29

Project-based learning is a teaching approach based on assigning tasks that keep the research process active. The aim is for students to progress through inquiry and to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes that will form the basis for the teacher's assessment. Students build their projects on real-world situations they experience, and the tools they use and the activities they carry out are a part of life itself. Project-Based Learning (PBL) also contributes to students gaining metacognitive awareness about their own learning processes. Despite all these benefits, project-based learning also has some limitations, such as time management and assessment difficulties. This study employed a qualitative research method. Teachers most frequently emphasized that project-based learning provides lasting learning, develops students' collaboration skills, and establishes connections with real life.

A RESEARCH ON FILM SCORING COMPOSITION TECHNIQUES

Anıl ALTINSOYAysim DOLGUN ILDIZ — 2026-05-29

In this article works of world-renowned film music composers John Williams, Alan Silvestri, Ennio Moricone and Alan Menken were examined. In the work analysis, a general evaluation was made from small performance groups to orchestral film scores and examples of the scores of the works were given. In the article, a superficial research was conducted on the differences between film music composition techniques and traditional composition techniques, and the significant findings obtained were written in the content. A historical research was conducted on traditional composition techniques were reflected in film music and how they began to develop. The music used in the movie "Snow White and Seven Dwarves", which is considered the first movie soundtrack, was compared with the works composed using traditional composition techniques, and the data obtained from this comparison constituted the in the article. Music and techniques of the composers of films such as "Star Wars", "For A Few Hundred Dollar", "Star Trek", "Schindtler's List" and "Back to the Future" were examined. Firstly, the composition techniques used by Ennio Moricone in his films were examined from an orchestral perspective. Selections were made from the film scores of Alan Silvestri, Alan Menken, Michael Giacchino and John Williams, respectively, and orchestral resonance, striking effect differences, dynamic changes, brass instruments, string instruments, woodwinds and a great effect in terms of effects were made. Studies have been made on the use of percussion instruments. The current situation of film music composition in our country and its place in the world is mentioned. A source scan was conducted regarding the structures, instrumentation contents and melodic fluency of the music of the films shot in our country, and the data obtained constituted. In the conclusion, the differences between film music in our country and film music abroad are mentioned.

METAPHORICAL PERCEPTIONS OF VISUAL ARTS TEACHERS REGARDING CONTEMPORARY ART PRACTICES

Hüseyin NAİFSeda LİMAN TURAN — 2026-05-29

The purpose of this research is to examine visual arts teachers’ metaphorical perceptions of current art practices. This research employed the case study method, one of the qualitative research methods. The study group of the research consists of visual arts teachers working in three secondary education institutions selected by random sampling among the secondary education institutions of the Ministry of National Education in Rize Province during the 2024 - 2025 academic year. The research data were collected using a semi -structured interview form developed by the researcher after reviewing the literature and obtaining expert opinions. The data obtained from the research were analyzed using the content analysis method. The data obtained from this research revealed that visual arts teachers generally have insufficient knowledge of current art practices. The vast majority of participants had not previously seen or recognized the artists and current art practices included in the interview form. Nevertheless, some participants attempted to interpret the formal and conceptual aspects of the artworks, particularly striving to understand them metaphorically. This situation indicates that the participants developed, albeit limited, an awareness of the multi -layered structure of contemporary art. The research reveals that pre -service visual arts teachers need to develop their conceptual analysis and critical thinking skills. To this end, undergraduate programs and in -service training should be more holistically integrated with contemporary art.

BUILDING THE SCHOOL OF THE FUTURE

Celal ARAMAZMehmet ŞAHİN ,Ergin ŞEN — 2026-05-29

This study aims to examine the relationship between change management processes and leadership approaches in educational institutions through a comprehensive literature review. The study first addresses change management theories (Lewin's Three-Stage Model, Kotter's 8-Step Model, process-oriented models, and planned change approaches), examining the unique dynamics of change in educational institutions, factors triggering change, the relationship between school culture and change, and the concept of resistance to change. The second section analyzes the evolution of leadership theories and their educational context, change-focused leadership models (transformational, visionary, instructional, distributive, servant leadership), and the roles of the school principal as a change leader (creating and sharing a vision, building a culture of trust and cooperation, professional development and capacity building). The role of leadership in the change process is examined thematically in the context of the stages of initiating, implementing, and institutionalizing change. Within the framework of the future school paradigm, topics such as digital transformation and technology leadership, flexible learning environments and physical/architectural transformation, personalized learning and artificial intelligence, the community-integrated school model, stakeholder leadership, and leadership capacity for sustainable change were addressed. In the assessment conducted in the Turkish context, it was determined that the national literature is limited compared to the international literature in terms of methodological diversity and current leadership models, but that positive developments have been experienced in digital transformation awareness in recent years. As a result of the study, a comprehensive leadership model was proposed for successful change management, encompassing digital transformation, flexible learning environments, personalized learning, community integration, and sustainability for the school of the future, through the adoption of planned and systematic approaches and the effective use of change-oriented leadership models. This model aims to guide schools in preparing for the future by bringing together visionary, transformational, distributive, and technological leadership elements. The study offers comprehensive recommendations for education administrators, policymakers, and researchers.

SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT OF RELIGIOUS SHRINES ON LOCAL COMMUNITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MAULANA RUMİ, KONYA AND BARİ IMAM, ISLAMABAD

Zain UL ABİDEENZain UL ABIDEEN — 2026-05-29

This study analyzes the socioeconomic impacts of two significant Sufi shrines—the Mausoleum of Mevlana Celaleddin Rumi in Konya, Turkey, and the Mausoleum of Bari Imam in Islamabad, Pakistan—through a comparative analysis. While both shrines function as important religious and cultural centers, their economic, social, and infrastructural impacts differ significantly due to contextual differences. The research examines five key variables using secondary data from academic publications, books, reports, and government sources: local economic growth, religious tourism, infrastructure and urban development, job creation, and social cohesion. The research shows that both shrines attract significant numbers of tourists and positively impact the local economy by generating income through the hospitality, transportation, retail, and handicraft industries. The shrines facilitate cultural preservation, interfaith cooperation, and community engagement through religious rituals, festivals, and heritage traditions. The economic impact of the Mausoleum of Mevlana Celaleddin Rumi is significantly greater, largely due to its worldwide fame, influx of foreign tourists, and developed infrastructure. On the other hand, the Bari Imam Shrine, despite its religious significance, is economically disadvantaged due to inadequate infrastructure, limited urban growth, and low local tourist density. The research, particularly concerning the Bari Imam Shrine, underscores the need for improved governance, infrastructure development, and sustainable tourism strategies to maximize socioeconomic benefits for the local population. By addressing existing imbalances, both regions can enhance their cultural heritage and leverage the potential of religious tourism for comprehensive social and economic development.

CONSUMER INNOVATIVENESS AND NEW PRODUCT PURCHASE INTENTION: A TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL PERSPECTIVE

Özgür YILDIRIM — 2026-05-29

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between consumer innovativeness and new product purchase intention within the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model and to analyze the effects of consumer innovativeness on perceived usefulness and technological expertise. The study was conducted using a quantitative research design, and data were collected through a survey method. The data obtained from 198 participants were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software. The measurement model results indicate that all constructs achieved satisfactory reliability and validity levels, with Cronbach’s Alpha and Composite Reliability values above 0.70 and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) values above 0.50. The structural model findings reveal that consumer innovativeness has positive and significant effects on technological expertise (β = 0.384; p <0.001) and perceived usefulness (β = 0.436; p <0.001). Furthermore, consumer innovativeness has a strong and direct effect on new product purchase intention (β = 0.612; p <0.001). The model explains a moderate level of variance in new product purchase intention (R² = 0.399). However, the direct effects of technological expertise (β = 0.012; p> 0.05) and perceived usefulness (β = 0.031; p> 0.05) on purchase intention were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that in the context of highly innovative AI-supported products, purchase decisions may not rely solely on rational and utilitarian evaluations. Overall, the results demonstrate that consumer innovativeness plays a more decisive role than traditional technology acceptance variables in explaining purchase intention in AI-supported products.

THE THEME OF HELPLESSNESS IN INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE RESEARCH IN TÜRKİYE: A REVIEW STUDY

Gülin KAHYA ÇELİKAYİnci BOYACIOĞLU BAL — 2026-05-29

This review examines articles and theses focusing on helplessness, learned helplessness, and hopelessness among women exposed to intimate partner violence in Türkiye. In order to identify relevant studies, a detailed literature search was conducted between February 10 and March 10, 2026, using national and international academic databases as well as the National Thesis Center. Only studies conducted in Türkiye, involving women exposed to intimate partner violence, related to the discipline of psychology, and published in Turkish or English languages were included in the review. As a result of the screening process, 20 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified, consisting of 10 articles and 10 theses. Examination of the methodologies showed that quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional designs were most frequently preferred, whereas qualitative and intervention-based studies were limited. Thematically, the studies varied, with major areas including cognitive processes, levels of learned helplessness, women’s psychological well-being, and social factors. In conclusion, although studies addressing helplessness among women exposed to intimate partner violence in Türkiye remain limited in number, the existing body of work is pioneering in emphasizing the impact of different forms of violence on women’s helplessness and in drawing attention to the cultural norms that shape women’s experiences of helplessness. At the same time, future research would make a valuable contribution to the literature by approaching helplessness not merely as an outcome of IPV, but as a dynamic process, and by focusing—parallel to the international literature—on women’s internal resources and their strategies for coping with helplessness.

AN EVALUATION OF THE SPATIAL USE OF BIOPHILIC DESIGN IN VETERINARY CLINICS

Ümmühan SUNARFatma Ceyda GÜNEY YÜKSEL — 2026-05-29

Biophilic design is a design approach that aims to re-establish the relationship between humans and nature through the built environment. In the literature, biophilic design is predominantly examined through healthcare buildings serving human users, whereas veterinary clinics—where humans and animals share the same spatial environment—remain relatively underexplored in this context. This study addresses the biophilic design approach within the context of veterinary clinics and aims to examine how these design principles can be evaluated in this specific building typology. Within the scope of the research, the Sentidos Veterinary Clinic located in Brazil was selected as a case study; the building was evaluated through document analysis and visual analysis methods based on the biophilic design patterns defined by Browning, Ryan, and Clancy (2014). The findings indicate that design decisions establishing a direct connection with nature—such as natural light, an inner courtyard, and vegetative elements—are prominent in the clinic; however, some biophilic design patterns are only addressed to a limited extent. These findings suggest that the biophilic design approach holds significant potential for spatial design in veterinary clinics.

DIPLOE THICKENING: A PALEOPATHOLOGICAL APPROACH BASED ON THE MUĞLA MENGEFE POPULATION

Gonca GÜLİsmail ÖZER — 2026-05-29

This study aims to systematically examine the phenomenon of cranial diploë thickening through macroscopic analyses conducted on human skeletal remains belonging to the Mengefe Community, located within the borders of Hüsamlar Village in the Milas district of Muğla province, and dated to the Late Geometric, Classical, and Hellenistic periods. Among the 145 individuals analyzed, diploë thickening was identified in 17 individuals (11.72%). Of these, only four individuals exhibited porotic hyperostosis accompanying the thickening. Cribra orbitalia was not observed in any of these individuals. Age group analysis revealed that lesions in females were observed only in middle adulthood, whereas in males they appeared across all adult age groups. When the Mengefe data are compared with other Anatolian populations, the frequency of diploë thickening appears to be relatively low. The results indicate that diploë thickening should not be considered solely as a change in bone morphology; rather, it also provides information about the environment, health conditions, and social structure in which individuals lived. Therefore, in paleopathological evaluations, this finding should be considered an independent diagnostic criterion.

BETWEEN GLOBAL DIPLOMACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS: THE EFFECTS OF GLOBALISATION ON INTERNATIONAL HUMAN VALUES

Hesham Mohammed Ahmed ALI — 2026-05-29

This article looks at how globalisation, diplomacy and human rights are intertwined and where the two may meet, and the challenges and opportunities presented. The aim of the study is to investigate how globalisation affects diplomacy and the human rights discourse. The point is to emphasize the two sides of globalisation or worldliness. While it can make us more inclusive and cooperative, it can also further our disparities and double standards. This article uses qualitative methodology and relies on a lot of literature reviews and illustrative cases, examples to assess the impact of globalization on diplomacy, on human rights and interplay between them on the globalization and human rights issue. According to the article, Globalisation changes the nature of diplomacy, resulting in the growth of multilateralism. Yet the same shift has also caused problems to emerge, notably the marginalization of weaker states. When we talk about human rights, globalisation the article says, has helped promote standards on the one hand and on the other, revealed contradictions that remain. Civil society and other non-state actors have an important role to bring about changes to this imbalance. The study says that “Globalisation has the ability to bring a more just world, but this capacity can only be achieved with a fairer global governance and an inclusive agenda.” To sum up, the government as a whole is urged to manage competing at a global level also to enable human dignity and sustainable development.

DIVORCE IN TURKEY

Nurbanu AKBULUT — 2026-05-29

Family is the fundamental building block of society and the first place individuals step into life. However, significant changes have occurred in the structure of families due to industrialization and technological advancements in recent times. Factors such as women's participation in the workforce, changes in intra-family roles, and feminist movements have influenced family dynamics. These changes have led to questioning and altering traditional norms within the institution of marriage. While women's economic independence has increased, issues such as competition and lack of communication within families have arisen. The increase in divorce rates is also a consequence of these changes. Couples going through the divorce process face various challenges from their families and communities. The negative perception of divorce in society and stigmatization affect the psychological well-being of couples. In particular, women are more affected during the divorce process and require support. Divorce not only affects the relationship between spouses but also has profound effects on children. The attitude and communication of parents are important for children to navigate this process healthily. Factors such as domestic violence play a significant role in the increasing divorce rates.

Couples going through the divorce process face various challenges from their families and communities. The negative perception of divorce in society and stigmatization affect the psychological well-being of couples. Particularly, women are more affected during the divorce process and require support. Divorce not only affects the relationship between spouses but also has profound effects on children. The attitude and communication of parents are important for children to navigate this process healthily. Factors such as domestic violence play a significant role in the increasing divorce rates.