The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2025 Issue 168

MAIN TYPICAL FEATURES OF CODAS IN MUSICAL WORKS

Ayna İSABABAYEVA APAYDIN — 2026-01-30

The paradox of the coda is that, while it is not a mandatory form section, it often becomes one of the main parts of the work. The reason for this is that the main ideas of the work are summarized in the coda. Moreover, the larger the form and the more dramatic the clash of forces in it, the coda is more comprehensive and interesting the composition of the coda is. For this reason, the codas developed significantly and expanded in the period of late classicism and romanticism, when the coda became the center of summarizing the main ideas of the musical work. The structure and structural composition of the coda are different from other sections of the form. It often uses tools that are unique to it. Thus, the coda characterizes structural isolation, change of texture, thematic generalization, summing up of thematic material, nonmotive «general» movement, tonal gravity, peculiarity of rhythmic structures. All these factors are considered in this paper, the aim of which is to establish those means of expression that distinguish the coda from other sections. Their study and generalization are done through the analysis of the codas of works from different eras and genres.

RAISING HANDS TO THE GODS/GODDESS: SAMPLES OF ŠU. ILLA PRAYERS IN ANCIENT MESOPOTAIA

H.Hande DUYMUŞ FLORIOTI — 2026-01-30

ŠU. İLLA prayers, which held a considerable situation in the religious tradition of Ancient Mesopotamia, are ritual compositions in which the individual addresses the deity with humility, raising their hands in supplication. Deriving their name from the Sumerian expression šù-íl-la, meaning “raising of the hands”, these prayers are characterized by a structure that typically begins with divine praise, followed by confessions of sin, expressions of personal distress, and petitions for assistance. Functioning as manifestations of both individual and communal piety, ŠU. İLLA prayers were performed in temples, within the framework of private rituals, or as part of personal purification practices. This type of prayer appears in various forms across different periods and regions, serving as both oral and written expressions of the human-divine relationship and offering valuable insight into the foundational dynamics of Mesopotamian religious thought. This study aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on Mesopotamia’s prayer tradition by examining the function, structure, and theological content of ŠU. İLLA prayers through selected samples.

EFFECTIVE SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT: MODELS OF SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT FROM TÜRKİYE AND WORLD PERSPECTIVES

Gökçe ÖZDEMİRSevim KİZ — 2026-01-30

Today's education systems aim to nurture versatile individuals who can adapt to rapid changes and transformations on a global scale. In line with this goal, the most fundamental responsibility falls on educational institutions, especially schools. This is because the cultivation of a qualified workforce, which is a fundamental element of social development, is largely achieved through school-based educational processes. Because education systems are considered a prerequisite for social, economic and cultural development, the existence of effective school structures is becoming increasingly important. In this context, schools are turning to different school development models in order to improve education and teaching processes, increase the quality of education, and raise student achievement. The aim of this study is to comprehensively examine school development models applied in Türkiye and around the world. In line with this, the literature review discusses the basic characteristics and implementation processes of school development models successfully implemented in Türkiye, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, Japan, Finland, Singapore, and Canada, as well as the STEM education model. As a result, various recommendations have been made for the school development models being implemented in Türkiye to become more effective and sustainable.

PERCEPTIONS OF ART EDUCATION AMONG PRESCHOOL TEACHER CANDIDATES

Gülbin ZEREN NALİNCİ — 2026-01-30

This study aims to explore the perceptions of preservice preschool teachers regarding art education. Utilizing a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 41 students enrolled in the Preschool Teacher Education Program at Amasya University. Most participants described art as a means of emotional expression and a tool for fostering creativity. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, allowing for the identification of recurring themes and patterns in participants' responses. The findings indicate that art education significantly contributes to the development of young children's creativity, imagination, fine motor skills, cognitive abilities, and self-expression. Visual arts and music were identified as the most frequently used art forms, while playing instruments and drawing portraits were considered the most challenging activities. Although preservice teachers generally displayed positive attitudes toward art education, they acknowledged the need to improve their skills in specific areas. The results were discussed in the light of existing literature, emphasizing the importance of initiating art education in early childhood and recommending that teacher training programs include more comprehensive and practice-based approaches.

APPLICABILITY OF TECHNICAL ANALYSIS METHODS IN METAVERSE COINS: A STUDY ON ACTIVE AND PASSIVE INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

Kutay ERGÜRAnıl GACAR — 2026-01-30

This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of active and passive investment strategies applied to metaverse-based cryptocurrencies. In this research, active investment strategies were simulated using technical analysis indicators specifically for metaverse coins and compared with the results of passive investment strategies for the same period. Within the scope of the study, MANA, THETA, SAND, ZIL, and ENJ coins, which have high market capitalization, were selected, and buy-sell simulations were performed with a hypothetical capital of 100,000 TL between November 20, 2020, and November 20, 2022. Technical analysis indicators such as MOST, TOTT, Trend Ribbon, EMA, and MAVILIMW were used in the active strategy. Factors that might affect the applicability of the strategies, such as transaction costs, volatility conditions, signal delays, and market realities, were excluded from the evaluation. The results obtained indicate that technical analysis approaches generate significant signals for short-term buy-sell decisions in some crypto assets and that the active investment strategy yields higher returns compared to the passive strategy. Furthermore, in terms of risk-adjusted return (Sharpe ratio), it was determined that while some strategies provided high returns, their risk levels were also high, whereas more balanced strategies offered more stable and sustainable risk-return profiles.

RESEARCH PATTERNS IN FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION OF OLDER ADULTS: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY BASED ON SCOPUS DATA

Samet EVCİMustafa Can SAMIRKAŞ ,Meryem SAMIRKAŞ KOMŞU — 2026-01-30

This study systematically evaluates the existing literature on the financial exploitation of older adults, a multidisciplinary research topic encompassing law, finance, and social sciences, and identifies emerging research trends in the field. Using bibliometric analysis based on data from the Scopus database, 391 English-language articles and reviews published through the end of 2024 were examined in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Bibliometrix software was used to assess publication and authorship patterns, while VOSviewer facilitated scientific mapping through co-citation, bibliographic coupling, co-authorship, and keyword co-occurrence analyses to uncover the conceptual, intellectual, and social structures of the field. The findings reveal a notable increase in academic interest since 2010, with the Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect as the leading source, Wayne State University as the most influential institution, and the United States as the top contributing country. Co-citation analysis identifies Acierno et al. as the most cited work and Kathleen Wilber as the most central author. Commonly used keywords include “elder abuse,” “financial exploitation,” and “financial abuse.” Overall, the study highlights key thematic concentrations and the limited geographic diversity of research, underscoring the need for broader international engagement to support more inclusive scholarly and policy efforts in addressing elder financial exploitation.

EVALUATING EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY IN LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION BY GENDER IN TÜRKİYE

Yalın KILIÇ — 2026-01-30

This study aims to analyze educational inequalities in the labor market participation of individuals in Turkey from a gender perspective. Utilizing data from the Turkish Statistical Institute's (TÜİK) Household Labor Force Surveys spanning 36 years (1988–2024), the research examines the Education Gini (E-Gini) coefficient, average years of schooling, and the distribution of educational attainment levels. Adopting a quantitative research model, the study employs cross-sectional and time-series analyses to assess the impact of education policies. Findings reveal significant improvements in educational attainment for both men and women, yet persistent gender disparities remain. Women's average years of schooling increased from 4.35 years in 1988 to 10.23 years in 2024, while men's rose from 5.73 to 10.02 years. The E-Gini coefficient decreased from 0.48 to 0.25 for women and from 0.31 to 0.23 for men, indicating a reduction in inequalities. However, complex dynamics persist, such as higher secondary education completion rates among men and women's increasing dominance in higher education. The study underscores the need to reevaluate education policies through a gender equality lens and recommends targeted interventions to address disparities, particularly at the secondary education level. Future research should explore how quantitative improvements in education translate into labor market outcomes, including wages, employment, and career opportunities.

PICTOGRAM DESIGN AND THE EXAMPLE OF PARIS 2024 OLYMPIC GAMES PICTOGRAMS

İrem BİLGİ — 2026-01-30

Pictograms have gained an important place in visual communication as universal graphic symbols that facilitate the transfer of information by overcoming language and cultural barriers. This study was prepared to examine the historical development of pictograms, their design features and their role in modern events. The main focus of the study is to evaluate how the Paris 2024 Olympic Games pictograms provide an aesthetic and functional system by combining traditional and innovative design elements. In addition, the pioneering role of the Mexico 1968 and Munich 1972 Olympic pictograms in the historical context is emphasized and the impact of these designs on today's practices is discussed. These games ensured that pictograms were designed in accordance with international standards and adopted as a universal communication tool in sports organizations. The study used the literature review method, and the historical development of pictograms, design processes and their applications in Paris 2024 were analyzed in detail. The findings show that the Paris 2024 pictograms draw attention with emblem-like designs that move away from traditional human figures and emphasize sports equipment and areas. These symbols, which blend traditional design principles with the needs of the digital age, have been prepared in both static and animated forms and made available on different platforms. These pictograms establish a successful balance in terms of both orientation and aesthetics, while also reflecting the cultural values of the host country.

HANS WERNER HENZE’S GUITAR MUSIC AND THE ANALYSIS OF EL CIMARRÓN

Alkan AKINCI — 2026-01-30

Hans Werner Henze’s compositions for guitar have made significant contributions to the 20th-century guitar repertoire; these works, which stand out in terms of both musical and technical qualities, continue to serve as valuable resources for guitarists today. As a composer, conductor, and writer, Henze is one of the leading figures of 20th-century music. His compositional career is addressed in this study from a broadly chronological perspective. The central focus of the study is the stage work El Cimarrón, which is analyzed in detail in terms of its formal structure, serial techniques, harmonic constructions in relation to chords, thematic cells, and rhythmic organization. Henze’s engagement with new notational practices—especially those that gained prominence in the second half of the 20th century—is examined in the context of guitar performance practices. Moreover, El Cimarrón is explored through its relation to modern and postmodern stage work genres and its strong interconnection between music and literary text, revealing the aesthetic dialogue the work establishes with the artistic tendencies of its time.

MINDFULNESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING FROM A THIRD WAVE PSYCHOTHERAPY PERSPECTIVE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY AND SELF-COMPASSION

Merve DEMİRAYBerin ASLAN ,Ece Elif BULUT AKMEŞE ,Pelin BİNTAŞ ZÖRER — 2026-01-30

With the changing understanding of health in recent years, a perspective that includes physical, mental and social well-being has been adopted instead of focusing only on diseases. In addition, research on adults’ ability to cope with life challenges and their efforts to produce meaning have gained importance. In this direction, the health-protective properties of psychological well-being have become increasingly important in reducing the risk of disease and extending lifespan, and the World Health Organization has adopted a paradigm that emphasizes the importance of psychological well-being. This paradigm shift is supported by the development of third wave psychotherapies. Third wave therapies have introduced new psychological constructs to understand individual differences in mental health. It is observed that the emphasis on prominent constructs such as mindfulness, psychological flexibility and self-compassion around the psychological well-being model has gained importance with third wave therapy approaches. In this context, this study aims to examine the mediating role of psychological flexibility and self-compassion on the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being in university students. The sample of the study consists of 327 university students. Participants completed the Psychological Well-Being Scale, Psychological Flexibility Scale, Five-Factor Mindfulness Scale, and Self-Compassion Scale online. According to the parallel multiple mediation analysis, psychological flexibility and self-compassion mediate the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being. The results obtained indicate that mindfulness supports psychological well-being by contributing to both developing a more compassionate attitude towards individuals’ inner experiences and coping with these experiences more harmoniously. In this regard, the findings may contribute to the development of mindfulness-based programs that will include relevant elements aimed at increasing the psychological well-being of university students.

DEVELOPMENT OF SCALES USED IN BIOLOGY EDUCATION

Yağmur Suzan SÖNMEZ — 2026-01-30

In the field of biology education, obtaining accurate and reliable data is contingent upon the use of measurement and evaluation instruments that demonstrate high levels of validity and reliability. Therefore, it is essential that the scales to be developed are meticulously prepared in accordance with established scientific standards. This is particularly crucial in the context of social sciences, such as biology education, where scales are frequently employed to assess cognitive and affective attributes. The quality of these scales plays a critical role in ensuring the accuracy and meaningfulness of the findings. The aim of scale development should not be confined solely to the collection of data. Rather, the developed scales must be valid, reliable, and practical, reflecting the underlying structure of the attribute being measured. The process of developing scales for use in biology education necessitates the implementation of several systematic steps, including item and question formulation, pilot testing or pre-testing, the preparation of scales appropriate to the theoretical framework of the construct being measured, and the application of appropriate statistical analyses. The primary objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the processes required for the development of scales intended for use in biology education and to encourage the active involvement of teachers in these processes. The methodological approach of the study is based on document analysis, which is categorized under qualitative research methodologies. This study presents theoretical and evidence-based information essential for guiding the scale development process within the context of biology education. The findings of this study highlight that scale development is a scientific process that requires a thorough understanding by those who engage in it. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers working in the field of biology education be provided with formal training on scale development processes through programs organized by the Ministry of National Education, and that teachers be encouraged to actively participate in scale development initiatives.

INTERTEXTUALITY AND METAFICTION IN PAUL AUSTER’S LOCKED ROOM

Mehmet Taner TÜRK — 2026-01-30

As in his works "City of Glass" and "Ghosts," Paul Auster incorporated numerous intertextual elements into "The Locked Room." In "The Locked Room," similar to the other two stories, we see a detective narrator. The detective pursues a fugitive writer. Similar to the other stories, he investigates the author's past to shed light on the case. This investigation, because the person being pursued is the author, leads to a literary analysis and, consequently, the formation of an intertextual texture. There are certain fundamental doctrines that give a work its metafictional character. Chief among these is the construction of a work that is already fictional upon another. "The Locked Room," the third book in the series also known as the "New York Trilogy," revolves around the narrator's fictionalization of Fanshawe's notes, letters, works, and his red notebook. This is conveyed to the reader in numerous ways throughout the work through the narratives of the acquisition of writing and the writing itself. The fact that both prominent characters in the work are writers and that their writing experiences are conveyed is one of the key elements that establishes metafiction. The narrator comments on his writing journey and vocation throughout the work. Among the key factors in choosing Paul Auster for this study is not only the postmodern elements he employs in his narratives but also his recognition as a pioneer in his use of language. Auster wrote parodies of classic detective novels and their rituals with a postmodern approach. The autobiographical elements in his works are also noteworthy. The study utilizes a text-based analysis and positivist method. The positivist method examines the impact of the author's life on the work. Elements related to the author's life play a key role in identifying intertextuality and metafictional elements in the study. Due to the playful language structure employed by the author to create metafiction, a text-centered analysis was also necessary.

A BIBLIOMETRIC VIEW OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON FEMINIST THERAPY (1984-2024)

Ayşin ÇETİNKAYA BÜYÜKBODUR — 2026-01-30

This study aims to map the intellectual and thematic structure of feminist therapy literature using the bibliometric method through 199 peer-reviewed articles published between 1984 and 2024. This study contributes to the production of feminist knowledge and systematically makes visible the academic production and conceptual developments in the field of feminist therapy. Annual scientific production, most influential sources, authors, documents, keyword networks and thematic evolution were analyzed using the Web of Science Core Collection database and Bibliometrix R-package software. The journal with the most publications in feminist therapy literature is Women & Therapy, with 102 articles. Findings indicate that feminist therapy has evolved from its ethical and philosophically based founding period to an intersectional structure encompassing trauma-focused approaches, empowerment, and social justice. The work of authors such as Laura S. Brown, Catherine Z. Enns, and Comas-Díaz are intellectual contributions that form both the theoretical and applied foundation of the field. Brown L.S. (n=11) is the author who has contributed the most to the feminist therapy literature. The publication with the highest number of citations was published by Johnson DM (2005) in the journal Women's Health (n=87). Feminist therapy is not only a psychotherapy model but also a form of political intervention aiming at social transformation. As a result of the study, it can be said that feminist therapy is a candidate for development as an interdisciplinary, intercultural and intergenerational paradigm.

A LACANIAN READING OF THE MOVIE MOTHER!

Tuğba TAŞDEMİRHasan KAPLAN — 2026-01-30

The article aims to analyze Darren Aronofsky's Mother! (2017) in the context of Lacanian psychoanalysis and symbolic imagery through the mythic and religious narrative of the movie. The main aim of the article is to analyze how symbolic imagery reflects the psychological and existential conflicts experienced by the main character ‘Mother’. Its significance lies in its interdisciplinary approach that combines psychoanalytic theory with cinematic storytelling to provide a detailed insight into the dynamics of transcendental desire, complex psychological structures, and the depth of human emotional vulnerability. In the course of analysis, psychoanalytic concepts such as the mirror phase, castration, the phallus, the unconscious, and the male gaze as a function of an imaginary order filled with fantasies of omnipotence and power, in Lacanian terms, are invoked. The methodology includes a psychoanalytic and symbolic analysis of the movie. In conclusion, the article argues that Mother! invites the audience to confront the emotional void left by trauma, truth, and divine absence, and reveals how the desire for God is intertwined with hysteria, paranoia, narcissism, as well as existential despair.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WEB-BASED COMMUNICATION MODEL IN THEATRE COSTUME DESIGN PROCESS

İnci Seda KIVILCIMLAR ŞAHİNFatma ÖZTÜRK — 2026-01-30

Theatre is among the performing arts that has been formed within the society and one that reflects it. The creation of the time and space concept plays a significant role in correctly conveying the soul of the play to the audience. Stage design is an important aspect that aids the director in the formation of the time and space concept. Whereas, costume, decor and lighting design are parameters that form stage design. When considering the design process of Ankara State Theatre, it can be seen that the costume, decor and lighting design activities are undertaken simultaneously but in different departments. The lack of information relay regarding the director’s momentary change requests or problems due to insufficient communication can affect the quality of the design process. In this research, a new model has been developed to ensure the planning of the design processes and process communication for the state theatre’s design team to communicate with each other and to communicate with the director and his/her team. A computer engineer and a software designer were utilised for this web-based communication process model. Case study, a process or record of research into the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time, the model of this research. The functioning of the design team and director of the “İyiyim (I’m fine)” named played which was staged at the 2014-2015 season was performed by obtaining permission from the Ankara State Theatre and a new process design model was developed with the obtained data and this new process was tested at the “Müfettişler (Inspectors)” named play staged at the 2015-2016 season of the Ankara State Theatre. In today’s age of technology, the developed web-based design process software enables error-free, faster and active operation of the process related to stage design in many ways. Throughout the contemporary theatre stage design process, the costume, decor and lighting design can be firstly seen together at the general dress rehearsal to be held one week prior to the premier and their harmony can be assessed. This situation can lead to harmonisation risks that may occur during the reflection of the play’s soul. The aim of this research is to ensure the formation of costume design in accordance with the other parameters and in an interconnected process by forming a new web-based costume design process organisation. A web-based design process software is at the same time a practical method for “information-document and photograph sharing”. As information pertaining to many plays can be stored on a system a comprehensive data source is formed. It also contributes to the functioning of the process by providing options such as approval, like and comment sending. The communication model developed in the study can be redesigned in accordance with technological developments and the requirements of the state theatres. Also, as a continuation to the research; it is suggested to include in the system workflow diagrams such as costume, furniture and accessory inventory taking, to archive the costumes by photographing them back-front and from the side and to determine the worn or unusable costumes, furniture and accessories before the season in order to complete the renewal and repair activities in time.

THE IMPACT OF FASHION ON THE AESTHETIC AND FUNCTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF UNDERWEAR

Zeynep KAYAPınar GÖKLÜBERK ÖZLÜ — 2026-01-30

Historically associated with women, fashion has been one of the primary ways through which women articulate their identities, social roles, and positions within society. As key actors reflecting the aesthetic, social, and cultled tol dimensions of fashion, women have not only expressed themselves through their clothing but have also led to social ruptures and transformations. Women, who both paved the way for change and sometimes necessitated it, have reflected contemporary perceptions of femininity and gender roles through their attire. Therefore, the relationship between fashion and clothing is considered not merely an aesthetic expression but also a phenomenon shaped by social norms and cultural contexts. Fashion, characterized by cyclical and transient trends over time, introduces a dynamic dimension to design processes. In this framework, consumers’ pursuit of novelty and their desire for diverse experiences drive designers to respond to evolving expectations. While not every innovation gets immediate acceptance, many are gradually embraced by society, disseminate broadly, and ultimately become recurring fashion trends. This study aims to examine the core functions of the corset, bra, and slip dress, the roles of designers in reinterpreting these functions to establish new clothing styles, and the processes through which these emerging styles gain social acceptance and spread. This study employs document analysis as the data collection method, reviewing both written and visual sources related to women’s fashion. Images of undergarments and design samples inspired by the reinterpretation of underwear forms were analyzed as visual documents. This study examines how corsets, bras, and slip dresses have historically evolved from functional undergarments to standalone garments in designers’ collections and evaluates their social dissemination through visual examples.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-ASSISTED FORENSIC ACCOUNTING: A CASE ANALYSIS USING CHATGPT

Dilek KÜÇÜK — 2026-01-30

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have recently brought significant advancements across various domains, including forensic accounting practices. These technologies have enabled transformative developments in processes such as data analysis, document examination, and fraud detection. This study evaluates the integration of AI technologies into the forensic accounting profession and presents a case study utilizing the ChatGPT application. Initially, the research outlines the fundamental differences between forensic accounting and traditional auditing, followed by an explanation of the core AI components used in accounting processes (e.g., machine learning, natural language processing, deep learning, and RPA). A literature review on the current use of AI applications in forensic accounting is also provided. In the practical section, ChatGPT is assigned the role of a forensic accountant within the context of a real embezzlement case that occurred in a bank in Turkey. The AI's capabilities in assessing the case, providing recommendations, and generating reports are examined. Findings indicate that ChatGPT can effectively summarize data, systematically analyze fraudulent financial transactions, identify internal control weaknesses, and offer rational suggestions concerning the legal qualification of actions. However, it was observed that the AI failed to recognize the presence of document forgery within the case. Consequently, the study concludes that while AI has not yet reached a level to replace human expertise, it can provide significant support in areas such as decision support systems, preliminary reviews, and fraud detection. The controlled and ethically grounded use of AI-based tools under human supervision is recommended for the future of the forensic accounting profession.

IMPACT OF LOGISTIC ACTIVITIES ON THE PROFITABILITY OF EXPORTING COMPANIES

Emre GEDİKOĞLUAylin KONU — 2026-01-30

The important dynamics that companies carrying out export activities need to determine the factors that directly affect their profitability in current or target markets and plan, organize, execute and supervise their activities within the framework of these factors in order to continue their commercial activities. The supply of all industrial product groups required for production, production, storage, loading, transportation, customs processes and the satisfaction of both commercial stakeholders (wholesalers, retailers, etc.) and end consumers after delivery to the target market are the most important elements in the total process. Raw material diversity, new technology, technical knowledge, etc. have been identified as cost increases that directly affect profitability, and this has reduced the competitiveness of companies.. The increase in the costs of logistics processes starting from the purchasing process, exchange rates, labor and basic expenses, production costs, loading, transportation and unloading operations have negatively affected the profitability of companies. The idea that businesses cannot manage these operations in a logical and analytical manner has led to the need for this research. The aim of this study is to determine the extent to which logistics activities affect the profitability of companies. The universe of the research consists of exporting companies in Gaziantep. The sample of this study was formed by 50 exporting companies based on the criterion-based sampling principle of qualitative research. Data were collected using a semi-structured data collection tool developed by the researcher. The collected data were subjected to descriptive and content analysis to obtain findings. According to the findings, logistics activities affect the profitability of companies in terms of basic headings such as costs, profit margin, market dynamics and management approaches.

AN ANALYSIS OF H. LEMOINE'S ETUDES ENFANTINES FOR THE PIANO OP. 37 ETUDES USED IN PIANO EDUCATION

Nidanur SOMUNCU Birsen JELEN ,Muhammet Emin YILDIZ ,Koray Avni KESİMAL — 2026-01-30

The aim of this study was to examine Henry Lemoine's etude book titled “Lemoine Etudes Enfantines for the Piano Op.37” which is used in piano education. It was found that the etudes are arranged according to their level of difficulty, with easier etudes at the beginning and more technically challenging etudes in the later pages. The findings obtained from the analysis were presented in categories. The 50 etudes in the book were evaluated in terms of time signature, tonality, tempo terms, technical skills of right technical skills of left hand and musical expressions. The analysis revealed that most of the etudes were written in C major and G major, with tonalities ranging from six sharps to four flats. The time signature 2/4 was generally preferred, and the most frequently used tempo term was Allegretto. When examining the right and left hand techniques, it was determined that staccato, double notes, chords, alterations, legato, and hand position changes were the most prominent techniques. The book offers a rich musical content, with 48 different expressions used. In conclusion, it was found that Lemoine's etudes emphasize not only technical development but also musical expression.

PERCEPTUAL AND BEHAVIORAL FOUNDATIONS OF INTONATION SKILL: INFLUENCING FACTORS, PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES, AND AN EVALUATION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF SOLFEGE EDUCATION

Mustafa KENDÜZLER — 2026-01-30

Intonation is a fundamental musical skill in solfege education, enabling accurate pitch perception and reproduction at target frequencies. This study examines intonation within a multidimensional theoretical framework, focusing on subcomponents such as pitch discrimination, pitch matching, auditory feedback, vocal-motor control, pitch memory, pitch stability, and sensitivity to tonal context. Biological, cognitive, environmental, and structural factors affecting intonation accuracy are also categorized. Intonation is conceptualized not merely as a technical competence but as a complex process shaped by auditory perception, vocal production, and pedagogical guidance. It is suggested that beginner-level solfege instruction emphasizing vocal production may enhance intonation accuracy. Experimental research exploring causal relationships between auditory and motor processes is recommended.

INFINITY AS AN ILLUSION IN ART OF SCULPTURE

Soner ÖZDEMİR — 2026-01-30

Infinity is a concept that has always captivated and intrigued humankind. From ancient times to the present, numerous thinkers, mathematicians, and artists have produced works centered on infinity. This study first provides a general explanation of the concept of infinity and includes the perspectives of key philosophers to facilitate a better understanding. It is known that sculpture incorporates infinity in diverse forms. The concept of infinity, which was discussed in all its aspects in the art proficiency study titled “Formal Projections of The Concept of Infinity in Art of Sculpture”, was emphasized in this research through the studies in which it was included as an illusion, and the strategies used to perceive the concept were examined. The research findings reveal the use of different strategies to create the perception of infinity, such as illusions of infinitely receding images created through mutually arranged mirrors; perspective illusions formed by arrangements using diminishing and repeating units; and configurations that create a perception of forms perpetually rotating towards infinity through specific lighting and cyclical motion setups.

THE ROLE OF EXISTENTIAL REGRET IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY FUNCTIONS AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE PERSONALITY TRAITS

Nergis Ceyda KOÇHakan DUMAN — 2026-01-30

This study aims the mediating role of existential regret in the relationship between autobiographical memory functions and personality traits. The research focused on the connections between how individuals recall their past experiences, the functions of these memories, and various personality dimensions. The sample consisted of 374 adults aged between 18 and 65. Data were collected through an online survey using the Autobiographical Memory Functions Scale, the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales, and the Multidimensional Existential Regret Scale.Mediation analyses revealed that existential regret plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between autobiographical memory functions and personality traits. Specifically, existential regret showed a partial and inverse mediating effect on the "play" personality di-mension. Conversely, it exerted a full mediating role in the personality dimensions of anger, fear, and sadness. Gender-based analyses indicated that females scored significantly higher than males on the "care" and "fear" dimensions, while males sco-red higher than females on the "curiosity" dimension. These differences suggest that gender influences the expression of certain persona-lity traits. As education level increased, participants' scores on the "curiosity" and "fear" dimensions showed significant increases. Additionally, par-ticipants with a high school diploma exhibited higher emotion regulation abilities compared to those with master's or doctoral degrees. However, no significant differences were found in autobiographical memory functions and existential regret scores based on gender or education level. These findings demonstrate that the ways individuals recall and interpret past experiences have both direct and indirect effects on persona-lity traits, mediated by existential regret.

THE PLACE OF CABIRI’S VIEW OF ECONOMIC JUSTICE IN MODERN LITERATURE

Ersoy GÖVEÇ — 2026-01-30

The purpose of this research is to reveal the place of Jabiri’s understanding of economic justice in economic literature. He attempts to combine certain approaches to capitalism and socialism into an economic synthesis. This theoretical synthesis can be characterized by the concept of market socialism. Capitalism, with its understanding of rent, lacks an ethical goal. Socialism, on the other hand, has a moral character due to its goal of eliminating poverty. He examines the concept of rent economics and the state on a historical dialectical basis. His critique of the rentier-extortionist, or tributary, approach merges with his analyses of Ion Banu based on the labor theory of value. His critiques of globalization and capitalism, which he considers a continuation of globalization, are also linked to dependency theories. There are overlaps between Jabiri’s understanding of economic justice and Samir Amin’s approaches to the Center-Satellite and rentier modes of production, one of the dependency theories. Jabiri argues that the principle that determines social facts and events is formed by the dialectics of economic and cultural factors. According to him, social reason requires a focus on labor and production. However, the Islamic Arab political mind, influenced by the social subconscious, is oriented toward loot and rent. The logic of profiteering eliminates economic justice and exacerbates social and political conflicts and crises. Economic justice, by its presence, ensures social cohesion, while its absence leads to social disintegration. Political sovereignty exists by meeting the needs for food and shelter. The phenomenon of globalization and dependency relations are exacerbating poverty. For societies to achieve economic, political, and cultural independence, dependencies must first be eliminated. A Eurocentric cultural perspective hinders the economic, political, and cultural independence of Arab-Islamic societies. Economic justice must be compatible with national culture and, like Farabi’s perspective, possess a global perspective.

EXAMINATION OF CINDERELLA SYNDROME IN THE CONTEXT OF PSYCHODYNAMIC AND FEMINIST THEORY

Merve DOKUYUCU , — 2026-01-30

This compilation study examines the Cinderella Syndrome, which defines women's fear of independence and their need for external approval, within the context of psychodynamic and feminist theories. The psychodynamic theory emphasizes that the syndrome is shaped by the individual's early childhood experiences, attachment styles, and internalized parental images. In this framework, defense mechanisms and unconscious processes play a fundamental role in explaining the individual's tendency to form dependent relationships. The feminist theory, on the other hand, associates Cinderella Syndrome with the passive and obedient roles assigned to women by patriarchal culture. These roles, which are constantly reproduced through fairy tales, media and social norms, suppress women's processes of becoming subjects and lead to the maintenance of dependent identities. This study reveals the interaction between individual psychological patterns and social structures, showing that Cinderella Syndrome is not only a psychological condition but also a cultural and political issue. It emphasizes the necessity of a holistic understnding in both psychotherapy processes and social transformation.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDHOOD ABUSE AND EATING DISORDERS

Ezgi ÖZDEMİRHatice Zekavet KABASAKAL — 2026-01-30

This systematic review examines the relationship between childhood abuse and eating disorders. Literature indicates that this relationship extends beyond a direct effect, being shaped through psychological processes, the individual’s mental state, and environmental factors. For this purpose, 24 studies (18 articles and 6 master’s theses) published between 2015 and 2025, which directly or indirectly addressed this relationship, were reviewed. Only full-text studies published in Turkish and directly related to the topic were included, while studies focusing solely on childhood abuse or solely on eating disorders, as well as those not meeting the research scope, were excluded. All studies were conducted in Türkiye, and data were collected using Google Scholar, DergiPark, and the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) Thesis Center databases. The findings were organized under four thematic headings: (1) Direct Relationship Between Childhood Abuse and Eating Behaviors, (2) Relationship Through Psychological Mechanisms, (3) Relationship Through Psychopathology and Psychological Well-Being, and (4) Relationship Through Family and Socio-Demographic Factors. Results indicated that physical, sexual, and emotional abuse types pose a significant risk for the development of eating disorders. Psychological mechanisms such as self-compassion, emotion regulation, body image, and attachment mediated this relationship, while psychopathological symptoms and low psychological well-being played a determining role. In addition, factors such as family structure, parenting styles, and socioeconomic status were identified as significant variables influencing the relationship. These findings highlight the need to address the issue not only at the individual level but also at psychological and social levels. Accordingly, more comprehensive and multivariable research is required to contribute to the literature and inform interventions.

EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME SYMPTOMS, COGNITIVE EMOTION REGULATION SKILLS AND DEFENSE MECHANISMS

Gonca ŞENFatma Yeşim CAN — 2026-01-30

The aim of this study is to examine whether defense mechanisms play a mediating role in the relationship between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptom level and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS). In this study, correlational survey design, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. Sociodemographic Information Form, Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Defense Style Questionnaire were administered to 458 female participants who were reached by snowball and convenience sampling methods. The research data were analysed using the PROCESS plug-in of SPSS 27.0 software. Mediation analyses of research variables revealed that neurotic and immature defense mechanisms partially mediated the relationship between adaptive CERS and PMS, while mature defense mechanisms did not. Neurotic, immature, and mature defense mechanisms were found to have partial mediation effects on the relationship between maladaptive CERS and PMS. In conclusion, the relationships between PMS symptom severity, CERS, and defense mechanisms were found to be statistically significant. These results are considered important for understanding and treating PMS.

FILM ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF ADVANCED ADULTHOOD CHARACTERISTICS: A MAN CALLED OTTO

İrem KAYMAKÇIElif Esra ALTUN ,Bedirhan YILMAZ ,Müge YÜKSEL — 2026-01-30

Aging is a stage in the human life cycle characterized by numerous crises involving biological, psychological, and social dimensions. During this period, experiences such as retirement, changes in social roles, the loss of a spouse, children, or friends, and loneliness can deeply affect the quality of life and psychological well-being of older individuals. This article examines the film Hayata Röveşata Çeken Adam (A Man Called Otto) within the framework of psychosocial themes specific to old age. The analysis focuses particularly on prominent themes such as loneliness, social support systems, retirement, and spousal loss, evaluating their impact on the psychological well-being of elderly individuals. Within the context of the film analysis, the effects of the crises faced during old age on the individual's sense of identity, life satisfaction, and search for meaning are discussed. This analysis is grounded in several theoretical frameworks, including Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, Kübler-Ross’s stages of grief, Havighurst’s developmental tasks theory, Frankl’s logotherapy, role loss theory, and the disengagement theory. These conceptual foundations serve to contextualize and elucidate the complex and multidimensional nature of the aging experience as depicted in the film.

ECOLOGICAL DYSTOPIAS IN TURKİSH LITERATURE FROM AN ECOCRITICAL PERSPECTIVE: CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS AND ANXIETY

Sinan ÇELİKERİsmail KEKEÇ — 2026-01-30

This study aims to examine the effects of eco-dystopian stories in Turkish literature on high school students' awareness of climate change and levels of environmental concern. Within the scope of the research, three stories from the work Istanbul 2099 (“Day Trippers,” “Sur,” and “Nora's Seaweed”) were read to students, and the potential of these stories to increase environmental awareness and transform environmental concern into positive behavioral tendencies was evaluated. The study employed a concurrent mixed-methods design from mixed research methods; qualitative and quantitative data were collected through pre-test-post-test applications, SPSS analyses, and focus group interviews. The findings indicate that literary texts based on eco-dystopian fiction significantly increased participants' awareness of climate change (p < .05) and that environmental concern is associated with a tendency toward individual action. It was determined that participants had basic knowledge about climate change prior to the reading activities, but the stories contributed to deepening this knowledge and developing cognitive and emotional awareness of the subject. In particular, it can be concluded that the realistic and striking dystopian scenes in the stories created both emotional and cognitive effects in students, triggering a desire to develop more conscious environmental behavior at both the individual and societal levels.

THE SOCIAL POSITION OF WOMEN IN THE CONTEXT OF RTÜK’S SANCTIONS ON TELEVISION SERIES

Şadiye ÖRENCİK — 2026-01-30

The subject of women’s representation in the media is one of the most frequently discussed topics by contemporary communication scientists from the past to the present. Especially how women’s services are reflected in television series, the great importance given to the perspective of all individuals in that society. Because television is one of the most prominent tools when it comes to writing a message into the mind of the viewer. This flexible into the mind of the viewer. This flexible study addresses the women’s policies of RTÜK, which is the sole legal authority for disruption in television series. One of the most important legal grounds protecting the image of women in the media is the principle in Article 8, paragraph 1, subparagraph (s) of Law No.6122, which states that broadcasts “cannot contain programs that are contrary to gender equality of society, encourage oppression against women and exploit women ”. According to this principle, female characters in the television series are analyzed and scenes that are considered to be contrary of the principle are penalized. The aim of this article is to analyze how the legal framework draws the position of women on television. How are RTÜK sanctions applied in violations against women? How do these penalties affect the positioning of women in terms of gender? This study will seek answers to the questions such as: How are the visuals in the scenes subject to sanctions penalized? This study will reveal the semiotic analysis of the visuals in the scenes subject to sanctions.

A CONCEPTUAL EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING

Haydar AKKUŞDuygu CELAYİR — 2026-01-30

The advancement of information and communication technologies has led to profound transformations in the fields of accounting and independent auditing, accelerating the digitalization of these professions. In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a notable alternative in accounting and auditing practices due to its features such as data security, transparency, immutability, and decentralization. This study aims to theoretically examine the effects of blockchain technology on accounting records and independent auditing processes. Utilizing the literature review method, both domestic and international academic sources were systematically analyzed. The study explores the general impacts of digitalization on accounting, the structural features of blockchain, its application in accounting and auditing, and the current situation in Türkiye. The findings reveal that blockchain enhances data security in accounting systems, reduces the risk of fraud and error through real-time transaction recording and traceability, and provides significant benefits in independent auditing by improving the reliability of audit evidence, enabling transparent monitoring of transaction history, and automating certain audit procedures via smart contracts. Although its widespread adoption in Türkiye remains limited, increasing academic and sectoral interest suggests that the integration of blockchain technology into accounting and auditing processes could become feasible with the development of appropriate legal, technological, and institutional infrastructure.

EULOGY AND ELEGY IN CLASSICAL ZAZA LITERATURE

Mehmet ARSLANİsmail SÖYLEMEZ — 2026-01-30

Death is one of the phenomena that profoundly affects human life. The longing and sorrow felt after the death of a person have, over time, led to the emergence of a new literary genre: the elegy. Similarly, eulogies have been written to praise the qualities of individuals, whether deceased or still alive. The emotions central to elegies and eulogies such as grief, pain, sorrow, and praise often intertwine, and sometimes one takes the place of the other. It is not uncommon to see a person being praised and their virtues highlighted while mourning their passing. Therefore, it is often difficult to draw a clear line between elegy and eulogy, as the two frequently overlap.This study focuses on elegies and eulogies in classical Zaza literature. First, the necessary literary background and explanations regarding these two genres will be provided. Then, elegies and eulogies written in the Zaza language will be examined. In the conclusion, the extent to which Zazaki elegies and eulogies intertwine and share structural similarities will be evaluated.