The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2024 Issue 149

THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF SUFISM IN THE ILKHANIDS' ADOPTION OF ISLAM

Yaşar BEDİRHANGülşah YAYLAGÜLÜ ALPDOĞAN — 2026-07-16

A tragedy that is rare in the history of the World and an event that we can call the Muslim resurrection, 13. Yy.it has also been realized. This doomsday that surrounds almost all of Eurasia is the Mongolian apocalypse. This situation was a very big disaster that could happen to Muslims in the History of Islam. The Mongol resurrection is such a disaster that the traces it left in terms of Islamic History could not be erased even in this century. Hulagu took his place on this bloody page of history as the Mongol ruler and the founder of the Ilkhanate State.It is the Mongols who have undermined the civilization that Islam has created for about five centuries. They have mastered almost the entire Islamic Civilization in a very short period of time. Despite such negative experiences, the Mongols have adopted Islam, the belief system of the civilization they have taken under their rule. This situation shows both the superiority of Islam and the defeat of Shamanism, the Central Asian belief system of the Turks.Our research topic is to clarify by studying the effects of Sufi groups, Sufis, sects and sheikhs that the Ilkhanids established in the invaded Muslim geography were influenced by when choosing Islam.

EVALUATION OF EATING DISORDERS IN BALLET ARTISTS

Yağmur ARINLISabina GANİOĞLU — 2026-07-16

Among the branches based on aesthetic performance, ballet, such as gymnastics, figure skating, and various dance types, show similarities despite the differences between them, and due to the requirements of the profession since childhood, artist candidates are exposed to a very intense work schedule and various strict attitudes. However, in order to maintain current visual aesthetic standards, ballet dancers experience medical problems such as unbalanced nutrition, menstrual irregularities or interruptions, osteoporosis and stress fractures (Benson vd, 1989 ; Wolman and Harries, 1989 ). It has been determined as a result of research that being faced with malnutrition and strict calorie restrictions since adolescence causes the development of nutritional disorders, according to the American Psychiatric Association in 2013, accoring to DSM-5 eating disorders are divided into 8 subgroups ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Studies have shown that ballerinas' ideal weight for height is below 12%, 15.0% of them meet the criteria of anorexia, 19.0% of them meet the criteria of bulimia nervosa ( Hamilton et al.,1985). 29.3% of them starve themselves to control their weight, and 9.6% of them meet the criteria. It was determined that they tried to control themselves by vomiting and 4.2% of them resorted to laxatives (Thomas et al., 2011). and it was concluded that approximately 83% of them showed symptoms of eating disorders (Ringham et al.,2006). As a result of the research, the USA Dance/USA Ballet Directors Council developed a healthy nutrition guide for ballet dancers in 2011 ( Challis, 2009). Education and a conscious approach are very important in the prevention and treatment of eating disorders. Dancers and candidates must be knowledgeable in the aesthetic, technical and physiological aspects of the art in order to cope with injuries and pressure situations, and educators and families must be aware of risk factors, early signs and symptoms, and should be conscious of seeking help from experts when faced with problems with their medical, psychological and social consequences ( Hasbay, 2005; Keser and Yüksel, 2020 ).

SPOTIFY “TURKEY TOP 50” ANALYZING THE SONGS AND SINGERS ON THE LIST FROM VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES

Mehmet Ali ÇOBANÖmer Bilgehan SONSEL — 2026-07-16

Listening to music has been a need throughout human history and the need to listen to music has become more easily met as the ages progressed. Starting from the invention of the phonograph to today’s music listening technologies, many music listening platforms have emerged through the internet. Spotify is among the most preferred of these platforms, enabling the masses to access music faster. Since the music that societies listen to reflects certain traces of those societies, it is important to analyze the most listened songs at certain intervals. In this study, Spotify 2023 November “Turkey Top 50” Analyses of the songs on the list are included. The songs on the list throughout November were analyzed in terms of the duration of their inclusion on a daily basis, their appearance in terms of genre, tonality/modality/mode and rhythmic structure, the gender of the singers who performed the songs, the local/foreign status of the songs, the themes contained in the lyrics and the duration of the songs. The data obtained were tabulated and exhibited under the relevant headings.

REFLECTION-CODES OF MYTHOLOGICAL SYMBOLS AND FIGURES IN TURKISH CERAMIC ART

Vedat KACARDeniz KANTARCI — 2026-07-16

Mythology provides a profound background that shapes the cultural heritage, traditions, beliefs, and art of every society. Therefore, mythological stories are viewed as a universally compelling and intriguing theme, touching upon common traits of human nature. At the same time, mythology continues to play a role in giving meaning to people's lives today and remains an interesting subject in the modern world. The origins of this discipline, which has persisted to the present day, are rooted in the worldviews of archaic societies. Early humans faced many mysteries, such as the causes of natural events like thunderstorms, storms, tides, earthquakes, droughts, and abundance, as well as the origin of creation. People began to construct the magical world of mythology by developing various rituals, gods, and legends driven by instincts arising from fear in the face of natural disasters, the desire to control nature, and the pursuit of the power of animals for hunter-gatherer societies. Communities living all around the world have their unique divine myths, and the Turks living in Central Asia have also developed their own distinctive mythology and mythological heroes. These mythologies are a reflection of the geography, culture, art, and history of the Turks. Turkish mythology represents a rich cultural heritage based on the challenging conditions of the steppe geography, the fundamental dynamics of society's life, artistic disciplines, and values. The symbols and figures that make up these mythological stories are seen as a legacy that continues to maintain its connection to the past and cultural identity of the Turks, and they are also strongly present in traditional Turkish arts. One of the important traditional art forms that have inherited this legacy is Turkish Ceramic Art. In various periods, it has embraced the aesthetic and symbolic richness of mythological stories, shedding light on ancient Turkish culture and folklore through symbols and figures. Therefore, ceramic art has played an important role in carrying the mythological heritage to the present day. This study aims to emphasize the cultural, artistic, and aesthetic value of the significant figures and symbols that are reflected in ceramic art as part of the mythological heritage. The mythological symbols and figures in the examples presented have been evaluated from an iconographic perspective, and their aesthetic presence in ceramic art, as well as the profound meanings and stories they contain, have been elucidated.

ARTISTIC TRACES AND SYMBOLS IN GÖBEKLITEPE

Sinan ÇAKMAKErman SAĞIROĞLU — 2026-07-16

Göbeklitepe is a collection of buildings located 22 km northeast of Şanlıurfa. In 1963, within the scope of the Southeastern Anatolia Prehistoric Research Joint Project, Istanbul and Chicago Universities conducted a joint study and archaeological excavations were started in 1994 following the surface surveys in the region. After these studies, according to the evaluation of archaeologists, one of the oldest structures of humanity emerged. With its intense symbolic expression, it has a different and privileged value from many other structures. The fact that such a magnificent structure was built at a time when writing and metal tools were not known and the symbols were processed with such professionalism increases the interest in this place day by day. In this study, qualitative research methods were used to emphasize the historical value of Göbeklitepe, and various symbols and figures depicted by engraving on the columns in the enclosures in Göbeklitepe were artistically evaluated. In Göbeklitepe, which is extremely important in terms of art and culinary history, it has been concluded that different animal symbols on the T-shaped columns carry artistic traces. Considering that such studies can be put forward with an advanced technical knowledge, it is thought that the people of that period had a highly developed technology compared to the period they were in, and the main purpose was to ensure that this awareness entered the literature.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHEPIK DANCE PLAYED IN ELAZIĞ AND DİYARBAKIR PROVINCES IN THE CONTEXT OF MOVEMENT AND MUSIC

Selami AKIŞ — 2026-07-16

Turkish folk dances are one of the important cultural elements of Anatolia with their geographical, historical, cultural and artistic background. When the games that make up Turkish folk dances, which have continued their existence over a long period from past to present, are considered, it is seen that these games consist of the cultural codes and lives of the society to which they are affiliated. One of the games that contain such important cultural elements is the chepik game. Although the musical aspect of the chepik dance, which is seen in the geographically bordered provinces of Elazığ and Diyarbakır, is partially similar, it has been determined that it contains different movements and emotions. In addition, when the rhythm structures of the Elazığ chepik game as played in both provinces are considered, it is seen that the Elazığ chepik game starts slowly, gets faster, and then gets slower again, and then continues to get faster again; It has been determined that Diyarbakır chepik game has a fixed rhythm structure. In this study, movement and musical analysis of the chepik game, which is seen to be played in both provinces, was made. At the center of the article is the comparative analysis of the chepik game played in Elazığ and Diyarbakır provinces. For this purpose, the similarities and differences of movements and the parallels and differences in musical elements were examined; Thus, the uniqueness of the game in the cultural and social context of both regions has been revealed. Additionally, the factors that make up the analysis are shown in a table. While analyzing the movements of Chepik games; It is discussed in the context of the movements made by the body, feet and arms and explained according to the number of movements. After the movement description of the games was completed, the game notes were added. Then, a musical analysis was made and the maqam sequence used in the work and the sounds that make up the work were included. The aim of the study is to facilitate movement analysis, learning and teaching of the chepik game, one of the most widely played Turkish folk dances. Structural motion analysis method was followed as the method. In terms of scope, the chepik game played in Elazığ and Diyarbakır provinces has been examined; Then, these games were interpreted by making a comparative analysis. As a result of the research, important results were reached in the analysis of chepik games played in Elazığ and Diyarbakır regions. The chepik game seen in Elazığ province is played by two men or women, not by a team/community; It has been understood that it highlights feelings of enthusiasm and joy. It has been determined that the chepik game played in Diyarbakır province is played by the community/team and reflects the feelings of fight and conflict.

THE STUDENT OPINIONS ON INSTRUMENT TRAINING LESSONS PROVIDED THROUGH DISTANCE EDUCATION AT TURKISH MUSIC STATE CONSERVATORIES

İlayda DUBAZ BÜKÜLMEZArda GÖKSU ,Haluk BÜKÜLMEZ — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to reveal the opinions of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Turkish Music State Conservatory Department of Musical Instrument Education students about instrument training lessons offered through distance education. The design of the study adopting the qualitative method is case study. The study group consisted of a total of 36 students studying in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades at the Turkish music state conservatory. The data of the study were obtained through semi-structured interviews and analyzed with content analysis. As a result of the study, the majority of students learned that the instrument training lessons taken during the distance education process; they stated that it was inefficient and negative, that they saw the re-watchability of the lessons as an advantage, that they saw systemic problems as a disadvantage, that it did not contribute to them, that their instrument performance decreased, and was negatively affected their motivation. Finally, students stated that they preferred instrument training courses as face-to-face education.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POVERTY AND CULTURAL CAPITAL AMONG YOUTH HIGHER EDUCATION GRADUATES: ADANA EXAMPLE

Ahmet USANMAZ — 2026-07-16

Education is a comprehensive process that guides societies towards defined objectives, aiming to enhance an individual's attitudes, knowledge, and skill levels. Access to education for children and young people, as well as their ability to sustain this access, is crucial. Factors such as a country's level of development, educational policies, geographical structure, and principles of gender equality/inequality have an impact on students' learning, achievements, and adaptability. Furthermore, at a more micro level, the neighborhood, district, or region in which an individual resides plays a significant role in the educational process, influencing factors such as access to education, the quality of education, and the structure of educational institutions in that area. This study addresses the poverty status of young individuals who work outside their fields of expertise following their higher education. The aim of the study is to comprehend the process that leads young university graduates to work in areas unrelated to their expertise within the context of educational inequalities, cultural capital, meritocracy, and social mobility. Method: Data was collected through semi-structured interview forms from young university graduates between the ages of 15 and 29, residing in the central districts of Adana, who graduated more than two years ago and are employed in jobs that predominantly rely on manual labor and lack in qualifications compared to their field of study. Results and Recommendations: The amount of time families dedicate to education, the level of estrangement from education, and the roles of young individuals in the pre- and post-education stages play a crucial role. Despite their inclusion in the higher education process, young individuals are faced with the risk of reproducing poverty they inherit from their households, just as in other stages of education (elementary school, middle school, high school). Due to reasons such as coping with poverty from a young age, not burdening their families, and covering the costs of educational materials, they have joined the job market. The issue of unemployment after education results from various structural problems beyond young individuals. Supporting disadvantaged/vulnerable groups like young individuals at different stages of education can provide them with the opportunity to break free from the cycle of poverty, especially in the face of the chronic nature of poverty.

POLITICAL INSTABILITY AND BUDGET DEFICITS THE CASE OF TURKEY

İbrahim Halil UÇAR — 2026-07-16

Since political instability may lead to political and legal uncertainty, it may have a negative impact on economic efficiency and productivity, directly reducing productivity and adversely affecting market functioning. The general opinion on the repercussions of political instability on the economic conjuncture is that macroeconomic variables, especially economic development through investment, are seriously affected. This study was conducted to empirically test the theoretical relationship between general budget balance (GBB), general budget revenues (GBG), gross domestic product (GDP), geopolitical risk (GPR), consumer price index (CPI) and general budget expenditures (GBE) in Turkey. In the study, the causality relationship between the variables was tested with Toda Yamamoto causality test. ARDL bounds test was applied to determine the cointegration, long and short-run relationships between the general budget balance (GBB) and other variables analyzed. Quarterly data of the variables analyzed in the study for the period January 2006-Q1-2023Q4 are used. The data were obtained from the CBRT electronic database (EVDS). According to the Toda Yamamoto causality test, there is a causality from the geopolitical risk index (GPR) to the general budget balance (GBB) at 1% significance level and from the consumer price index (CPI) to the general budget balance (GBB) at 5% significance level. On the other hand, no causality was found between the other variables analyzed and the general budget balance. The cointegration and long-run relationship between the variables analyzed in the study were investigated by ARDL bounds test. Based on the F statistic and critical values estimated with the ARDL (1,0,2,0,0,1,1) model, it is concluded that the analyzed variables are cointegrated in the long run and do not act independently of each other. According to the results obtained from the study, improved business and economic conditions will help reduce the budget deficit.

EXAMINATION OF CYBERBULLYING BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES: A REVIEW

Aslıhan BAYRAMEge Su COŞKUN — 2026-07-16

The advancement of information technologies and the widespread use of technology have facilitated individuals' easier access to technological devices and the internet. In recent years, with the increased accessibility of technological devices and the internet, individuals have shown a growing tendency to use the internet for various purposes, such as social media engagement, messaging, and information access, making the internet and social media an integral part of our lives. However, this widespread usage has brought traditional bullying behaviors into the virtual realm, giving rise to the concept of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying involves intentional harmful behaviors carried out by individuals in the virtual environment. Beyond the element of violence, cyberbullying includes aspects such as unauthorized access to and usage of individuals' information, as well as assuming another identity. Individuals subjected to cyberbullying experience adverse effects in their lives, encompassing psychological, academic, and social dimensions. The rapid proliferation of the internet and the inadequacy of awareness campaigns regarding technology use contribute to an increased likelihood of students becoming cyberbullies or victims.In this context, a detailed examination and analysis of cyberbullying behavior are of great importance. This research conducts a literature review on the concept of 'cyberbullying' and its associated variables. Utilizing systematic review methods from qualitative research, studies investigating cyberbullying in adolescents concerning demographic variables are systematically reviewed. In light of the literature, the concept of cyberbullying is extensively examined, covering its types, effects on victims, coping mechanisms, and associated variables. Additionally, the study provides recommendations related to the topic, aiming to guide professionals in the fields of mental health and education.

REVIEW OF STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS ON MUSIC EDUCATION

Piraye POLATBirsen JELEN — 2026-07-16

In this study, which aims to examine the research conducted on the effects of mindful awareness on music education, a total of 19 articles and postgraduate theses completed between 2013-2023 were analyzed in terms of various variables. The sample of the study was limited to articles and theses published in the last ten years in Web of Science, Eric, ProQuest, and Thesis Center. The research on the effects of mindful awareness on music education was examined in terms of types, years of publication, research methods used, data collection tools, countries where they were conducted, and the places of publication, as well as the distribution according to sample types. The aim was to provide a compilation of the results and contribute as a source for future studies in the field of the effects of mindful awareness on music education. This qualitative research utilized document analysis for data collection. The analysis of the data involved the use of frequency (f) and percentage (%), and the results were presented with relevant tables and figures. The findings of the research are presented in the results section. Through the conducted reviews, it was observed that most studies on the topic were carried out in the United States, the most commonly used data collection tool was the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and the studies were predominantly disseminated on Web of Science and Eric.

INVESTIGATION OF VIOLIN LESSON REPERTOIRES IN ÖZENGEN MUSIC EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Behiye UÇAR KARATAŞYakup AKSOY — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to examine the violin repertoires used in amateur music education. The study was designed with a phenomenological pattern, one of the qualitative research methods. The study group of the research consists of 16 violin teachers who provide violin education in private music courses affiliated with the Ministry of National Education (MEB). Descriptive analysis technique was used to analyze the data collected with the interview form. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the Turkish violin repertoires used in the amateur music institutions affiliated with the Ministry of Education are not sufficient, the interests and wishes of the students are taken into consideration when choosing the repertoire, the finger prayers and bow strings are arranged in accordance with the instrument, and Turkish violin repertoires are needed, including international and national works. It has been concluded that the violin repertoire with contemporary accompaniment should be increased. It is thought that the results of this research will contribute to violin-instrument education in aspiring music institutions, in terms of gaining knowledge about the repertoires used by teachers giving instrument education in aspiring music education institutions and in terms of teachers developing their own repertoires. It may be recommended to increase the qualified Turkish violin repertoire and to create methods that include melodic melodies and etudes that introduce our culture.

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AND FOMO ON TOURISTIC PURCHASING DECISIONS: CONQUERING FOMOURISM AND FOMOURISTS AS A NEW CULTURE

Ebru ULUCAN — 2026-07-16

The increased addiction of people to social media has created new phenomena based on the relationship between FoMO and touristic consumption, which can be named as fomourism and fomourist. These new concepts point out a new paradigm or a perspective in terms of tourism marketing. This paper is a pioneering conceptual framework as being an approach from the perspective of hybridization of FoMO and tourism. The aim of this article was to conceptualize the paradigm of fomourism in terms of consumer behaviour in tourism industry and to discuss this phenomenon, concept or theory. This study provides require clarity for scholars approaching this topic. Touristic behaviours motivated by FoMO, fomourism, depend on a sense of social media sharing and it is important to individual and social identity through shared product, service and experiences especially in tourism field. Thus, this conceptual framework claims it may be significant to reveal the idea that fomourism in general represents the hidden patterns of touristic consumption behaviour based on the effects of social media in today's world. This paper contributes to tourism marketing literature by developing a conceptual approach that explains and offers implications pertaining to the relationship between FoMO and touristic consumption in the age of social media.

THE EFFECT OF LIVE LESSON ON INITIAL READING AND WRITING TEACHING DURING THE PANDEMIC PROCESS

Muhammet Yasin ÇELİKMehmet ÖZEN ,İbrahim AKGÜN ,Fidan KÖROĞLU — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this research is the epidemic disease in the process of the COVID 19 Pandemic, which started in Wuhan, China in December 2019, forced all countries in the world to change in the fields of health, sports, culture, social and education. It explains the effect of teaching through live lessons on the first reading and writing achievements of primary school 1st grade students in the 2020-2021 academic year. The pandemic process has affected education in all its aspects. However, it mostly affected face-to-face education. The fact that countries and regions have different technological infrastructures, different levels of ownership of basic equipment, and the service networks of the informatics sectors were caught unprepared for the process, creating an inequality of opportunity in education. Quantitative research methods were used in this study. Data were collected from 172 primary school teachers in the city center and rural areas of Adıyaman, using the 5-point Likert method. Problems regarding the distance education process, technological infrastructure, having equipment, and the perspective and perception of teachers, students and parents about distance education were monitored. In addition, the comparison of the central district and the rural area was observed. Although distance education, live lessons are effective and efficient in higher education and secondary education, it has been observed that the desired efficiency in reading and writing teaching in primary school 1st grades cannot be achieved and this has created stress for students, teachers and parents. It has been determined that there is a significant difference, especially in writing skills, between the learning of the students who receive parental support and those who do not. It has been determined that there are major deficiencies in teaching reading skills through live lessons compared to face-to-face education.

A STUDY ON WORKS OF RENAN DEMİRKAN VE SELİM ÖZDOGAN IN THE EXAMPLE OF MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIP

Mehmet AKBABANurhan ULUÇ — 2026-07-16

This work has subjected the relationships between mother and children and its causes and consequences in two Anatolian families who immigrated to Germany in 1970s. The research aims to explain the mother-child relationships and as a result, the process of adaptation to the new society of Turkish workers in Germany in a new social and economic order they encountered and offers a detailed research about specific periods. The work has been realized by using document analyse method and is based on both the databases such as Google Scholar, Dergipark, Ulusal Tez Merkezi and some published resources such as books and magazines. These resources have been examined systematically and the examples of mother-child relations in the books have been found out. The work has started with a short history of Migration Literature starting in Germany and continued with a general information of the second generation writers. The writers of this generation in the books of Renan Demirkan Üç Şekerli Demli Çay and Selim Özdoğan Heimstraβe 52 the mother-children relationships at Turkish families in Germany have been explained with the related examples. The reasons why to be choosen these two books are: the mother-daughter relations at the books are intensively subjected and the issues which are frequently used by second generation writers such as ‘being torn between two choices’, ‘estrangement’ and ‘identity problem’. This article will significantly contribute to be understood the social life of Turkish immigrants who went to Germany to work in 1970s.

IN GEORGE ORWELL'S NOVEL ANIMAL FARM CONDITIONALITIES OF TRANSFORMATIOM FROM UTOPIA TO DYSTOPIA

Musa BİLİKAbdulselam ACAR ,Abdurrahim ÇELİK ,Hüseyin GÜNGÖR ,Ramazan AYKAT — 2026-07-16

The terms utopia (a good place) and dystopia (a bad place), which are a product of modern thought, are generally based on an evaluation of whether the individual and/or society can fulfill the promise of socio-economic, socio-cultural, political and techno-scientific progress. The frustration and dissatisfaction felt by the individual with his/her contact with and understanding of constructed reality; Moreover, with its pessimism and optimism about a better present, utopian and dystopian worlds intertwine or one can turn into the other. A utopia may have the possibility of replacing any dystopia; because many traditional utopias based on the past may have qualities that modern readers would define as dystopian. However, it is also necessary to consider that dystopia is a worst-case scenario that represents a culturally, economically or technologically regressed and/or collapsed society, worse than the other but still giving hope for a future. Many utopian and dystopian texts written in this vein, instead of commenting on humanity's inability to build a better society, also put forward the thesis that humans are an obstacle to harmonious life on Earth. In this context, George Orwell's work Animal Farm, which is an example of dystopian literature and written based on satirical representations, has been examined and evaluated to reveal the transition from utopia to dystopia and/or backwards as a result of seeing humans as a force that does more harm than good. In this study, it is aimed to reveal how the idea and effort to create an idealized utopian society created a dystopian world over time.

WOMAN AS ‘OTHER’ IN THE NOVEL BEAUTIFUL IMAGES BY SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR

Elif KARAER — 2026-07-16

French writer and philosopher Simone de Beauvoir, who combined feminism with the philosophy of existentialism, traces the process that leads the main character and her mother to psychological collapse in Beautiful Images. The place of women in a patriarchal society is questioned through the experiences of Laurence, whose husband has no say in the way his daughters are raised, and her mother, who is abandoned by her lover for a young girl. Laurence, who is slapped in the face by her husband when he criticizes her by lumping her with her daughter, decides to hold on to her identity as a mother and raise her daughter in a different way. She loses her trust in male figures when she realizes that her father, the only man she glorifies, is an ordinary man. The aim of this study is to analyze the female characters' search for identity as ‘the other’ of men in a patriarchal society and their crises. Published in 1966, the novel portrays the life of a working mother and her daughter from the bourgeois class of the period in France to the reader in a realistic style and it holds a mirror to today's working women. Simone de Beauvoir reveals the struggle of women against male domination in their quest to gain a new identity by trying to gain economic freedom in addition to being a mother and a wife, through Laurence's depression and her mother’s experience in the novel.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRESCHOOLERS’ RESPONSIBILITY AND MOTIVATION LEVELS

Merve ERMANSerdar ARCAGÖK — 2026-07-16

This research aims at determining the current status and problems and presenting solution suggestions regarding how the preschoolers’ motivation level affects the fulfillment of their responsibilities within the class by taking the opinion of preschool teachers. This research has the quality of particular cross-sectional research having a quantitative dimension carried out under a general survey model. The children attending preschool educational institutions affiliated with the District Directorate of National Education of Kağıthane, Istanbul, constituted the universe of the research, and 368 children, selected from the universe by simple random sampling, constituted its sample. Two different scales were used in order to collect data for the purpose of the research. These were determined as the Motivation Scale for Preschoolers and the Level of Responsibility Scale. Both of these scales were used with the purpose of collecting and evaluating quantitative data. The scales’ kurtosis and skewness values regarding the variables were considered. As the kurtosis and skewness coefficients showed a normal distribution, it was decided to use parametric tests in the variance and correlation analyses. Based on the findings from the data of the questionnaire completed by the teachers regarding the children, it was concluded that the teachers’ perception regarding the children’s level of responsibility was high. It was concluded that as the children’s level of cognitive perseverance, level of social perseverance with the adult, level of social perseverance with the child, level of high satisfaction, level of negative emotions, and level of general adequacy increase, their level of assuming responsibility also increases. Practices such as the performance of in-class activities that will reinforce their level of assuming responsibility, the encouragement of the children for their participation in in-class activities, and the allocation of different responsibilities in the class to each child may be performed.

INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING DONATION BEHAVIOUR AFTER NATURAL DISASTERS: TURKEY EARTHQUAKE CASE

Rabia Vildan AKDEMİRCihat KARTAL — 2026-07-16

Natural disasters can be traumatic and destructive for both individuals and social structures. Individuals or societies may engage in solidarity in order to reduce the destruction and contribute to the recovery of the process. Donation is a phenomenon considered in this context. Donations made after natural disasters play an important role in overcoming the negative effects of disasters. On the other hand, individuals may experience difficulties in making donations even if they have the desire to donate. This situation may make it difficult to heal the injuries of disasters. Therefore, the factors affecting people's post-disaster donation behaviour have been an important research topic for social scientists. In this study, the impact of outcome value and consumer’s pain of payment on donation behaviour after the earthquakes in Turkey in February 2023 is questioned. Because people can perform behaviours that they consider important more easily and avoid behaviours that are the source of negative emotions. Within the scope of the research, a questionnaire was prepared to measure the outcome value, pain of payment and donation amount and primary data were collected by convenience sampling method. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, it was determined that the outcome value positively affects donation, while the consumer’s pain of payment negatively affects donation. In addition, it is understood that pain of payment and donation differ according to income and age groups. It is evaluated that the research findings may provide useful information in promoting donation behaviour. Finally, the findings are discussed and recommendations are developed for researchers and related organisations.

THE ROLES OF TEACHERS AND SCHOOL ADMINITRATORS IN THE ADAPTATION OF IMMIGRANT STUDENT TO THE SCHOOL ORGANIZATION

Ayşe Müge ATLIHAN — 2026-07-16

In this study, the roles of teachers and school administrators in the adaptation of immigrant students to the school organization were investigated. For this purpose, the options of teachers and school administrators were taken regarding the adaptation of immigrant students to the school organization. Study data 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 during the academic years Denizli city Pamukkale town, it was obtained from administrators and teachers working in affiliated primary and secondary schools. The interview form used in the research was created by the researcher with the help of field experts.Participants were selected from schools where there were many immigrant students. The data obtained using the face-to-face interview method was analyzed with the content analysis technique. Research data includes studies on immigrant students’ adaptation to school, the adaptation immigrant students face at school and academic problems and it is themed as solution suggestions fort he problems encountered in the adaptation of immigrant students to school.

ANALYSING KONYA BUTTERFLY VALLEY MUSEUM IN THE CONTEXT OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Gevher SAYARYavuz ARAT — 2026-07-16

Beyond shaping the spaces where individuals live, architecture also gives individuals the right to interact with these spaces. At this point, universal design principles suggest that space designs should consider all individuals and designs should be handled in an inclusive manner. The universal design principles, which were first expressed by architect Ronald L. Mace in the 1980s, consisting of 7 criteria, are still an important design input for designers in the 21st century. These principles are: Equitable use, flexibility in use, simple and intuitive use, perceptible information, tolerance for error, low physical effort, and size and space for approach and use. Shortly, in the context of these principles, the design of a building or a public space should ensure that all users who will use that space can easily access, use, understand and perceive the space. Within the scope of the study, firstly a literature study on universal design criteria was carried out and then the Butterfly Valley Museum, which has a dense user base, was selected as the sample area. In the context of universal design principles, Konya Butterfly Valley Museum was analysed by creating a path according to the order in which the user uses the spaces. As a result, it was concluded that the building should be used especially by individuals in wheelchairs, visually impaired individuals, individuals with walking problems, children and individuals with walking difficulties.

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PSYCHOLOGICAL LITERARY ANALYSIS: FERİT EDGÜ’S STORIES PRIOR TO HAKKÂRİ

Shaxnoza KARİMOVA — 2026-07-16

Artistic psychologism involves providing a thorough account of the psychic realm of the narrative character, including its transformations. Artistic psychologism is a necessary aspect of literary creation that can be seen in all literary works. It refers to the narrative act that incorporates the distinct writing styles and approaches associated with psychological storytelling. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate, for the first time, a theoretical analysis approach using literary texts. The study focused on selecting Ferit Edgü's stories titled IV. Kaçkın, Bozgun, and Av from his story books titled Kaçkınlar, Bozgun, and Av, which were written prior to Hakkâri. The purposive sample approach was employed for this selection process. The study was conducted using a qualitative technique, specifically document analysis. The favored strategy for examining the connected tales was a content analysis approach based on descriptive analysis. The study conducted under this framework is comprehensive and harmoniously combines psycho-logicism with Greimas' quartet schema, which is employed to evaluate the plot in narrative texts. Based on the experimental reading, it has been concluded that the protagonists in the stories from this period undergo a psychological transformation centered around events. This transformation is characterized by unconsciousness, ontological struggle, resistance to being treated as "other," and the pressure to conform to stereotypical social norms, which leads to psychological exhaustion for the characters in the narrative.

EVALUATION OF THE "MY PROFESSION IS MY LIFE PROJECT" APPLICATION IN TERMS OF THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION AND THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC EDUCATION

Osman Faruk TATAR — 2026-07-16

This research examines the cognitive, affective and academic achievements that education aims to provide to the individual, the extent to which these competencies are gained in children who are at work for 4 days with the "My Profession is My Life Project", and to what extent the students of the workplace education-oriented curriculum created with planned education policies and protocols have 21st Century skills. It is aimed to determine whether it is equipped with The current research is a case study that aims to evaluate the education provided within the scope of the "My Profession and Life Project" as a duty of the state and in the context of the right to education, and to reveal the advantages, limitations and weaknesses of the project. The data collected within the scope of the research was collected from the managers and students responsible for the project in different schools and from different workplace representatives, and maximum diversity sampling was used since it was tried to reach the manager responsible for the project, teachers, students and workplace owners. Within the scope of the research, data was collected by preparing a semi-structured interview form. Participants were interviewed at their schools or workplaces, and their answers to the interview form were recorded by voice recording and note-taking. When the findings obtained within the scope of the research are evaluated in general; In terms of the gains that should be given to the students in terms of physical/motor development, students, business owners and project managers stated that most, if not all, of the physical and kinetic gains were given. When the project is evaluated in terms of the achievements that should be given to the students in terms of affective development, it is seen that the students have some values for the profession they will acquire in the future, while the affective field gains are made by the business owners to create awareness, develop understanding, and share knowledge and emotions with each other in relations with the other party and while carrying out workplace activities. It is understood that they are not sufficient to provide achievements such as acting in a relevant way and managing emotions, which is one of the most important achievements. In terms of academic and cognitive development of the project students, almost all of the participants stated that the cognitive process gains were incomplete and that the students only stayed for one day in the schools and vocational training centers where this education was given. In the light of this information, the education and training activities carried out within the scope of the "my profession is my life" project, carried out by the Ministry of National Education together with the business world, are affected by physical, cognitive, affective, moral, and it seems that it is not sufficient in terms of ethics.

LEVEL OF DIFFICULTIES EXPERIENCED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL ADVISORY TEACHERS IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING AN INDIVIDUALIZED EDUCATION PROGRAM

Sinem İVEGENMihriban KILINÇ ,Leyla TİKE ,Emine TUNCER ,Veysi ERKEN — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to determine the level of difficulties experienced by advisory teachers working at the secondary schools in the Mamak district of Ankara province in the process of preparing an Individualized Education Program (IEP) and to see whether they differ in terms of some demographic and professional variables. 208 teachers working atsecondary schools in Mamak district of Ankara province participated in the study. In order to determine the level of difficulties they experienced in the research, the 'Scale for Determining the Difficulties Experienced in the Process of Preparing an Individualized Education Program' developed by Leyla Tike (2007) and the 'Personal Information Form', which includes information such as gender, tenure, branch, etc., were used. The first finding of the research is that female teachers' attitudes are more positive and they experience fewer difficulties in preparing IEP than male teachers. Another finding of the research is that single teachers' attitudes are more positive and they experience fewer difficulties than married teachers. When we look at their tenure, we see that more experienced teachers who have been working for 21-25 years have a more positive attitude. In the study, it was observed that teachers who received in-service training regarding the IEP preparation process experienced fewer difficulties and therefore viewed the process more positively.