The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2023 Issue 144

Determining of Ethnobotanic Awareness Levels of Pre-service Science Teachers

Nezahat KANDEMİRSalih DEĞİRMENCİ ,Arzu CANSARAN — 2024-08-29

In this study, the awareness levels of pre-service science teachers about plants that are frequently used for ethnobotanical purposes in daily life were determined. As a result of human and plant relations that have been going on for centuries, the "ethnobotany" science branch, in which the whole world accepts its importance and in which extensive researches are carried out, has emerged. The science of ethnobotany contains very valuable information that has been obtained through trial and error and has been transferred from generation to generation over time. The study was conducted with 14 pre-service science teachers studying at the 4th grade of a state university in the spring term of the 2022-2023 academic year. Phenomenology design was used in the study. In the data collection tool, there are 10 plant samples that are widely used in daily life and three different prescriptions for these plants. The answers given by the pre-service teachers to the questions in the prescription were categorized and analyzed by determining the codes. When the results of the study were examined, it was determined that the plants for which the first prescription was not written by some pre-service teachers were purslane, cranberry and black mulberry, the second most prescribed plant was garlic, and the least prescribed plants were sage and linden. It was observed that mint were the plants for which the third prescription was written the most, sage and cranberry were the plants for which the third prescription was written the least, and the linden was the plant for which no precriptionwas written. The plants, the first prescription of which was written exactly by all pre-service teachers, were lavender, rosehip, sage, linden, lemon, garlic and mint. As a results, the awareness levels of the pre-service science teachers towards plants frequently used in daily life for ethnobotanical purposes were at medium levels.

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON STONE AND SOIL-BASED INDUSTRIES IN THE PROVINCE OF ESKISEHIR

Ahmet Fatih BİLENOkan YAŞAR — 2024-08-29

Since the early ages of history, humankind has utilized these resources in various ways by shaping stone and soil. The mechanization that started in the sector with the industrial revolution has accelerated production, increased the variety and quality of products and enabled the widespread use of industrial products. The stone and soil-based industry manufactures products such as cement, bricks, tiles, ceramics, concrete and plaster to be used in all kinds of construction activities, especially housing. In this study, within the framework of Industrial Geography principles, is aimed to reveal the historical development, current situation, problems and spatial effects of stone and soil based industries in Eskişehir province. Based on the findings obtained, solutions have been proposed for the sector’s problems. A questionnaire was applied to 11 stone and soil-based industrial enterprises in various sub-sectors in July, August 2019 and July 2020. The data obtained from the applied questionnaires were interpreted by descriptive content analysis, and suggestions were made based on the results obtained from the sector. The stone and soil-based industry in Eskişehir province started with Kılıçoğlu Tile Factory, established in 1927. In the following years, it developed with the establishment of enterprises operating in other sub-sectors of the stone and soil-based industry. Of the manufacturing industry enterprises in the province, 7.84% are stone- and soil-based. In addition, 12.95% of the manufacturing industry employment in the province is employed in stone and soil-based industries. In Eskişehir province, stone and soil based industrial enterprises face problems in terms of market, demand instability and excessive competition. 45.45% of the surveyed enterprises stated they have issues with solid-liquid waste, 36.36% were unable to grow horizontally and 27.27% with visual pollution. To eliminate the waste problem, enterprises without treatment plants should be encouraged to move to Eskişehir Organized Industrial Zone.

PERSUASION AND TECHNIQUES IN THE CONTEXT OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

Halil AYTEKİNElif ATEŞ — 2024-08-29

In the 21st century, when mass media and communication evoke almost the same thing, communication has become a part of the life of all people. Technological developments and network connections accelerated the flow of information and interaction between people, and managed to bring them together without getting together. In addition, the media, which has been in our lives through many different channels such as newspapers, magazines, radio and TV from past to present, has become a part of our daily life with many internet-connected applications today. The media has continued its development by creating revolution over time. Today, the media manages to reach the audience wherever and whenever there is a network connection. The influence of the media has increased like never before. Persons or institutions that have the power to manage the media can direct and influence the masses in line with their own interests and create changes in their behavior and attitudes. While doing this, companies that benefit from many different persuasion techniques make huge profits through the masses. Persuasion is a phenomenon that has found its place in every form of communication in its journey from ancient times to the present. With the change in communication styles, the mediums in which persuasion is applied have also changed. Now, technology has made the media, in which persuasion is used extensively, accessible in many different times and places. This study was carried out with the document analysis technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The aim of the study, in which communication and media phenomena are processed, is to reveal the effect of persuasion on the masses from past to present.

AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON THE INFORMAL ECONOMY IN TURKEY

Funda YURDAKULZuhal SARI — 2024-08-29

In this study, the informal economy of Turkey was estimated by using simple monetary ratio within the period of 1985-2021 and MIMIC model methods for the period of 1990-2021. According to the results obtained from the simple monetary ratio method, the informal economy varied between 1,88% and 51,27% over the years. The results from the MIMIC model method showed that the informal economy ranged from 20,38% to 38,76% between 1990 and 2021. Particularly after 1999, the informal economy increased significantly. In 2021, it decreased to 25,64%. Afterwards, linear tests by Harvey et al. (2008) were applied to the estimated informal economy series using the MIMIC model and simple monetary ratio method. The linear test by Harvey et al. (2008) applied for the informal economy series obtained from both the simple monetary ratio method and MIMIC model indicates that the series exhibits linear behavior. Thereafter, by determining the financial, social, and economic variables affecting the estimated informal economy using the MIMIC model, two different econometric models were constructed, and the models coefficients were estimated using the Engle-Granger method and the ARDL bounds testing approach. According to the estimation results, it can be observed that the growth rate, inflation rate, money supply, and tax burden variables have increasing effects on the informal economy, while the exchange rate, number of tax payers, savings rate, fixed capital investments/GDP, and employment rate have decreasing effects on the informal economy.

TRANSFER OF FUTURE RECEIVABLES BEFORE GIVING THE RESTRICTION OF CONCORDANCE AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR CREDITORS

Burhanettin Arif KOCAMAN — 2024-08-29

In the 22nd article of the Law No. 7101 on the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law and the Amendment of Certain Laws, which was adopted on 28.2.2018 and entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette dated 15.3.2018 and numbered 30361, Article 294 of the Law No. 2004, together with its title, " Before the concordat deadline is given, a future receivable transfer agreement is made and if the transferred receivable arises after the concordat deadline is given, this transfer is null and void.In practice, the contractors transfer their future receivables arising from the contract of work against the Administration to banks or factoring institutions. However, in the "consent" letters of the Administration, it is mentioned about the receivables that have been paid or not. Likewise, even if future receivables are transferred, it is seen that the assignment of born receivables is mentioned in the assignment letters. In this way, the regulation in Article 22 of the Law No. 7101 is rendered ineffective by ensuring that the assignments become effective. Are these statements in both the Assignment Notes and the "acceptable" letters of the Administration sufficient to consider the assigned receivables as BORN CREDITS and to nullify the provision in Article 22 of Law No. 7201? Below, this subject will be discussed by focusing on the concepts of transfer of future receivables and progress payment in works contracts, and also taking into account the purpose (ratio legi) of Article 22 of the Law No. 7101.

IMPACT OF ORGANİZATİONAL CLİMATE ON CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: A RESEARCH ON RETAIL SECTOR

Ufuk ORHANFaruk TAŞTI — 2024-08-29

Today, with the rapid development of technology, working conditions and environments are changing at the same pace. Attracting qualified workforce to the organization and protecting the existing workforce are among the strategic issues in order for organizations to survive and continue to develop them. For this they need a positive climate. With this climate they will create, they aim to increase the loyalty of the employee to the organization. Career development opportunities to be offered to the employees will help to protect the current workforce and to join the qualified workforce to the organization.This study was carried out to measure the effect of the climate of the organization in which the people working in the retail sector work on their career development and organizational commitment. The research was carried out by quantitative method. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Demographic information form and organizational climate scale, career development scale and organizational commitment scale were used in the questionnaire. The study was applied to 237 store employees operating in the central districts of Mersin Province. The analysis of the data was made in the statistical package program and the hypotheses were tested. As a result of the analysis, as the level of positive perception regarding the organizational climate increases, the level of positive perception and organizational commitment regarding career development also increases.

“GYPSY FLAVOR” WITHIN OUR SOCIOLOGY

Sinan ÇAYA — 2024-08-29

Romani people have preserved their basic cultural values throughout ages, in fact since Byzantium times. Their origins can be traced to India, from where they somehow dispersed practically everywhere around the world. Certain tribes kept living as nomadic people until fairly recent times; while others got settled collectively in districts of certain cities and counties. In Istanbul sedentarized Romanis essentially pertain to some old neighborhoods near the ancient citywall. The bigger society attributed some negative qualities to those jovial, carefree communities; while some of their true virtues (like music talent and skilled handicrafts) could never be contested. In this particular study; they are handled from a sociologicay viewpoint in as much detail as possible for the scope of an academic article. The major sources hereby consulted comprise an expert work in French by the prominant social scientist François de Vaux de Foletier, as well as a few volumes of the splendid (if only interrupted-by-the-very-death of its instigator) masterpiece of social-historian, late Reşat Ekrem Koçu, İstanbul Encyclopedia. Auxuliary complementary literature is also included. The author did insert a sequence of his own experiences. The outdated-and-despised Turkish-word “Ç*ng*n*” is deliberately omitted by the author, except solely in obligatory quotations.

THE MOVEMENT IN BAROQUE SCULPTURE, THE EVALATUON OF THE EXPRESSION IN THE FIGURES ON THE EXAMPLE OF “PERSAPONE'S ABDUCTION”

Nihat Sezer SABAHAT — 2024-08-29

16 th century against Catholic churches. The war started in the 17th century. While the bloody wars and the change of political power deeply affected many countries, the reflections of this change on baroque art emerged in different ways in different countries. It is possible to evaluate the work in several categories, since Baroque art uses other branches of art together. It can be said that in many of the Baroque Works, sculpture- architecture- stage design is intertwined. Baroque artists have skillfully used their superior technical knowledge to draw people into an illusion and create this feeling. They have reflected the fabric, human skin and human emotions in their works in the best way by using movement, light-shadow games on the marble they have masterfully processed. Bernini, one of the important artists of the Baroque period, in her work "The Abduction of Persephone", as an allegory of the struggle between the spiritual and worldly realms, deals with a moment of violence and abduction powerfully and dramatically. Emotional expressions revealing the realism of the scene, as the movement, emotion and visual details in the sculpture show a sense of dynamism as well as how the figures interact with each other in a realistic way, are one of the important examples of baroque sculpture with its cross construction that creates a sense of movement and tension with each other in the composition. is discussed in the research as one. The research aims to contribute to the studies to be done in the field with new interpretations on these two basic concepts by considering the concepts of movement and emotion in Baroque sculpture through a sample work by using the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods.

THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE A SOCIAL SKILL SCALE-35 FOR ADULTS OF A REVISED SHORT VERSION

Arkun TATAR — 2024-08-29

In this study, it was aimed to create a revised short form by reducing the number of items from the A Social Skills Scale-80 for adults. Data collection process was not done for this study, norm group data of A Social Skills Scale-80 for adults were used. Accordingly, the norm group data of the scale used for this study consists of a total of 5791 people, between the ages of 18-78 (M = 27.34; s = 9.80), 3718 women (64.2%) and 2064 men (35.6%) (9 people without gender information (0.2%)). The item parameters of the original scale were estimated using the 2-parameter logistic model of item response theory. The number of items in the scale was reduced to 35 by removing the similar item content and having low discrimination. A correlation coefficient of 0.964 was calculated between the revised short form (A Social Skill Scale-35) total score and the original form total score. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the revised short form was determined as 0.915. The revised short form has been reconstructed.

THE CARPETS WHICH ARE ENLIGHTENING A PERIOD IN HISTORY OF CARPET ART:“TİBETAN GROUP ANATOLIAN CARPETS”

Gonca KARAVARDorukhan Fırat AKTÜRK — 2024-08-29

Hand-knotted carpets produced in Anatolia have attracted attention all over the world in every period of history. In the period they were produced, these carpets were the most important element of wealth and status, especially in Europe. When the subject matter is considered in terms of the history of carpet art, rare examples discovered in the process have been met with great interest. Tibetan group Anatolian carpets are among those rare examples and fill a periodical gap in the history of carpet art after their discovery. The aim of this study is to examine the Tibetan group Anatolian carpets, which are rare examples of the cultural values of a less known period and belong to the very rich carpet art tradition of Anatolia. The carpets that are examined in this study were handled chronologically according to the order of their discovery; They have also been evaluated together with all available information such as different naming, dating and carbon-14 test results. This study consists of a comprehensive literature review, comparative analysis and evaluation as tools of method. It’s hoped that this study will also make an important contribution to the scientific literature, in terms of presenting all the available historical information on the five examples of Tibetan- Anatolian Carpet group that have been examined in detail.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS IN THE PRESS ENTERPRISES: EXAMPLE OF NASIL BIR EKONOMI NEWSPAPER

Ebru DAVULCUHilal SÖNMEZ — 2024-08-29

Nasıl Bir Ekonomi newspaper, was founded by the employees of Dünya newspaper on November 21, 2022. In all sections of Nasıl Bir Ekonomi, there are expressions such as “employees' newspaper”, “independent and incoherent journalism” and “journalists' newspaper”, which are also adopted by the members of the board of directors and employees. In the process where newspapers and press organizations are transformed into media enterprises within the holdings operating in various sectors, the claim that a press organization continues its broadcasting life with the principles of independent and incoherent journalism is an important research topic.. On the other hand, the establishment of Nasıl Bir Ekonomi by the employees of Dünya newspaper was also found necessary in terms of leading the developments in the field of economy press in Türkiye in the 2000s and being a source for further studies. In this study, a structural analysis of Nasıl Bir Ekonomi newspaper was made; its birth and development, business structure and publication policy were examined.The qualitative method was used in this study, the literature was searched and the development of the press, press management, economy press and economy press in the world and in Türkiye was mentioned, and then interviews were made with the officials from the management, editorial and other departments of the newspaper using the indepth interview technique. Thus, information about the business structure of the newspaper was obtained. The study also includes analyzes of documents obtained from primary sources. According to the research, the owners of Nasıl Bir Ekonomi newspaper do not have any jobs in the press sector. The revenue of the newspaper consists of subscriptions, advertisements and events. There is no pressure or interference in the editorial work by the board of directors of the newspaper. There is a process based on cooperation between departments.

UNDERRATED MODERNİSM

Derviş ERGUN — 2024-08-29

As a means of expression, art embodies the concrete or the abstract, the possibility, what should be, what could be. This is where the credibility of art comes from. Reality gains objectivity in the act of recreation. By revealing what does not exist, not what is, we can Express excitement, happiness, learning, desire, desire, curiosity, mystery, etc. It gives satisfaction to the emotions. In fact, art is subject to its own law, so the point of view on art requires a subjective feeling. The projection of art reflects the spirit of time as a reality or a factual value. The sense of critique or satisfaction simultaneously determines the point of art. The art object follows an experiential phenomenon in the primitive art period and need stolean more on concepts and the ories with modernism. The development of art, changes, transforms, on the condition that it is subject to its own artist icregime, according to historicity or progressive law. Art has always been in trouble with the problem of freedom. It has been in a struggle to remain independent in every era in its production and understanding. Art consciousness moves with the ability of reason and universal creative feeling. There is always an inverse relationship between there a sons that prepared the art establishment and the current political power. There ality of life become sreality in the aws of the art regime tself.

USE OF WEB 2.0 TOOLS IN GEOGRAPHY TEACHING

Ali İLHAN — 2024-08-29

Today, rapid developments in the field of technology have contributed to the digitalization of our processes of acquiring and creating information and our geographical educational practices. Rapid developments in the technology and informatics sectors have enabled new technological tools to replace traditional teaching tools and the COVID 19 pandemic has accelerated this transformation. This study aims to contribute to the creation and sharing of web content by users in the field of geography lesson teaching by using Web 2.0 tools. In this qualitative study, the techniques of document analysis and content analysis were used. Regarding the use of Web 2.0 tools for geography teaching, the study was limited to the activities of preparing infographics using Canva, preparing puzzles through Puzzlemaker, playing games using Wordwall, and preparing interactive maps using Thinglink. The limited number of academic studies dealing with examples of activities for geography lessons supported by Web 2.0 tools makes this study important. It was thought that the use of Web 2.0 tools in the field of geography teaching will contribute to students’ learning through the use of hands-on activities. Thus, for the use of Web 2.0 tools in geography teaching to become more widespread, geography teachers should be encouraged to effectively use Web 2.0 tools within the classroom learning environment. More academic studies should be done to create and share content in the field of geography teaching by using Web 2.0 tools. It is hoped that this study will contribute to further studies regarding the use of Web 2.0 tools in the field of geography teaching.

COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN IN CARPET DESIGN EDUCATION: LESSON PLAN RECOMMENDATION

İbrahim ERDEK — 2024-08-29

Institutions providing textile design education in Turkey, particularly in carpet design, aim to nurture qualified designers who meet the industry's needs. Design courses within the curriculum play a crucial role in enhancing students' creativity and equipping them with technical skills. However, the proficiency level of computer-aided design courses related to carpet design can impact students' adaptability to the industry. This study addresses the insufficiency of existing computer-aided design course content in meeting industry requirements. Initially, the current programs offered by institutions providing carpet design education were examined, and their alignment with industry needs was evaluated. As a result of this assessment, emphasis was placed on the necessity and benefits of learning Adobe Photoshop in the industry. Acquiring proficiency in this program enables students to create, modify, and present their designs more effectively in the digital realm. Moreover, Adobe Photoshop's features such as layers, filters, pen tools, and color options have the potential to introduce diversity and originality in carpet design. The study highlights the importance of updating computer-aided design course content in carpet design education and integrating programs like Adobe Photoshop. Learning Adobe Photoshop facilitates students' quicker adaptation to the industry, enables effective utilization of current technologies, enhances their ability to express creativity, and contributes to the development of skilled and competitive designers in the carpet design sector.

GENDER-SPECIFIC PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG WHITE-COLLAR WORKERS

2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to investigate the level of physical activity and quality of life differences between men and women among white-collar workers and the relationship between these parameters. The population of this study consisted of a public institution's total staff in all its branches in Istanbul and the sample of this research consisted of a total of 300 women (n = 152) and male (n = 148) who agreed to participate in the study. In this study, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form was used to determine the physical activity levels of individuals; and SF-36 quality of life scale was used to evaluate the quality of life. Percentage, frequency, chi-square, anova, post hoc tests were used for the analysis of the data. According to the results of the study, it was found that 27% of individuals were not physically active, the other 41.3% had low physical activity level and the remaining 31.7% had a level of physical activity sufficient to protect health. The general health perception scores of women with low physical activity were found to be significantly higher than the general health perception scores of women with sufficient physical activity (p<0.05). As a result, the physical activity level of the majority of the desk workers is low and there was no difference between the genders in terms of physical activity. Regardless of gender, desk workers should be provided with training and opportunities to encourage physical activity. Especially women with low physical activity should be encouraged to engage in appropriate activities by evaluating their risk perceptions.

THE LIFE, LITERARY PERSONALITY AND POEMS OF QADI AL-MURTAZA AL-SHAHREZURI

Mahsum TAŞ — 2024-08-29

Qadi al-Murtaza al-Shahrezuri was born in Mosul, which has an ancient heritage. However, since his family was originally from Shehrezûr, he became famous with his nisba al-Shahrezuri. Shahrezur, has an exceptional place in the development of Islamic sciences and is a fertile scientific basin where many scholars in various branches of science are trained. Considered one of the important representatives of Sufi poems, al-Shahrezuri also wrote poems on subjects such as ghazal, hamriyât and description, which are among the important topics of Arabic poetry. As in most of the Sufi poems, linguistic arts such as analogy, majaz (metaphor), allusion, pun, muqabale and quoting are intensively studied in his poems. Undoubtedly, one of the most important works of al-Qadi al-Murtazâ, which was conduce in his fame, is his ode called al-Qasîdatu'l-Mawsiliyye. The ode in question, also called al-Qasidatu'l-Lamiyya, has been praised in the sources and opinions have been put forward that it is the most beautiful work on Sufism throughout the ages. This study will primarily deal with the life and scientific personality of al-Qadi al-Murtaza al-Shahrezuri, who was an important scholar in his age and was the judge of the Mosul region until his death. Then, in general, the theme and language arts in his poems, the content and literary style of his ode el- Qasîdatu'l-Mawsiliyye will be examined and his literary personality will be revealed. Finally, the bahirs (the poem meter) he used in his poems will be mentioned.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF INTERNET ADDICTION WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER AND DEPRESSION IN AGENTS BETWEEN 14-15 YEARS OF AGE.

Gülşen FİLAZOĞLU ÇOKLUKHande PEKEL — 2024-08-29

This research was carried out with the aim of determining the relationship between the symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and depression level of internet addiction of adolescents in the 14-15 age group. In this direction, the research was directed in the scanning model (Cross-sectional survey research design was employed). The sample group of the study consists of 500 adolescent individuals in the 14-15 age group and 1000 people who were randomly selected from among their 500 parents and volunteered to participate in the study. Personal Information Form, Young Internet Addiction Scale, Conners Parent Rating Scale, and DSM-5 Level-2 Depression Scale - Children aged 12-17 were used to collect the data of the study. The collected data were analyzed in the SPSS-25 statistical program; independent groups t test, anova analysis, pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in these analyzes. At the end of the research; it was concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between internet addiction, ADHD symptoms and depression level of adolescents in the 14-15 age group. In addition, it was determined that internet addiction and ADHD symptoms predicted the level of depression. In comparisons made according to demographic variables, no significant differences were found in the levels of internet addiction and depression. In ADHD symptoms; It was concluded that the psychosomatic problems dimension differed significantly according to gender, the anxiety dimension according to gender and mother's education level, and the hyperactivity dimension according to the education level of the mother and father.

TRANSNATIONAL AGRICULTURE WITH ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE

Güven ŞAHİNSüheyla BALCI AKOVA — 2024-08-29

The increasing world population, global pandemics like Covid-19, wars, and global climate change have further emphasized the strategic role of agriculture. The adequate and healthy nutrition of people, along with the continuity of various industries based on agriculture, can only be achieved through continuous and stable agricultural production. However, the agricultural sector is the most sensitive and challenging sector within economic activities. Although the uncertain and fragile developments in agriculture can be mitigated to some extent through various efforts, they have not been completely eliminated. The Green Revolution has transformed agriculture to a completely different level. Furthermore, the developments in agriculture need to be evaluated separately for developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries. While concepts like Agriculture 4.0, soilless farming practices, and advanced mechanization are more widespread in developed countries, extensive farming is still predominant in many developing or underdeveloped countries. One of the highly discussed practices of developed countries in their agricultural activities is the acquisition or leasing of agricultural lands from other countries. This practice, referred to as Transnational Agriculture, serves multiple purposes. The availability of cheap labor and the desire to produce agricultural products at lower costs based on currency exchange, as well as the advantage of more favorable climate conditions such as abundant sunlight, low heating costs, and low risk of frost, are among the main factors motivating this practice. Global climate change, existing water scarcity, and food security issues also make transnational agricultural activities more debatable. In this context, Malaysia, the United States, and China are leading countries in Transnational Agriculture, followed by EU countries (especially the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, France). The countries with the highest amount of leased land are African countries (primarily Niger, Sudan, Somalia, Congo), Eastern Europe (particularly Ukraine), Southeast Asia, and Central and South American countries. Currently, around 140 countries are engaged in Transnational Agriculture activities, and Türkiye has also made some investments in African countries in this regard. Land leases were initially established in Sudan and then in Niger starting in 2013. Discussions on land leasing with Venezuela and Ukraine are also ongoing. In addition to agriculture products that are not economically viable to cultivate in Türkiye, such as pineapples, mangoes, and sugarcane, the cultivation of rapeseed, sesame, sunflower, and forage crops will also take place on leased agricultural lands. Moreover, there are also agricultural lands in Türkiye that have been leased or sold to foreigners. The topic of Transnational Agriculture, which is widely debated in the Turkish public and has both supporters and opponents, constitutes a field of study within Agricultural Geography. By adopting a geographical perspective, the advantages and disadvantages of this issue have been illustrated with global examples. The requirements for Türkiye's involvement in this rapidly expanding agricultural activity, which has been widely discussed in recent years, have also been emphasized.

CULTURAL MEMORY CODING IN METAVERSE AND PLURIVERSE: MULTICULTURAL MEMORY MIRRORS OF ART AND DESIGN

Hülya DEMİR — 2024-08-29

With the use of new-generation technologies such as AI, 5G, VR, AR, etc., new digital realms have emerged, commonly referred to as the Metaverse. The Metaverse is a new term used to describe a digital universe where people can interact and have different experiences in virtual worlds, made possible by technological advancements. In contrast, the concept of the Pluriverse, approached philosophically, acknowledges cultural diversity, recognizing that each culture possesses its unique perspectives, knowledge, and experiences within its own universe. Despite numerous studies in the field of culture, there seems to be a gap in theoretical research specifically focused on the Metaverse and Pluriverse. Given the novelty of the Metaverse topic and the lack of theoretical groundwork in the literature, research into how cultural memory codifications are conducted in digital environments and how cultural constructs are positioned in terms of art and design is considered important. The main problems addressed in this study include elucidating how cultural memory codifications are utilized in digital environments, examining the role of multicultural memory in digital art and digital design, exploring similar and different approaches to enhancing cultural diversity in art and design within the Metaverse and Pluriverse, and identifying potentials for increasing cultural diversity in these domains. This research is qualitative in nature and employs methods such as literature review and document analysis. In the conclusion section of the study, recommendations are provided on how cultural memory settlements in digital environments can be used to preserve and transmit cultural heritage digitally and promote multicultural heritage within the realms of art and design.

DIGITAL PAINTING APPLICATIONS AND HYBRID PORTRAITS

Şuayyip YÜCEL — 2024-08-29

This article, "Digital Painting Practices and Hybrid Portraits", deals with a new art form in which traditional painting methods are combined with digital tools. The paper describes the researcher's process of creating portraits by combining her own traditional painting experience with digital tools and the characteristics of these practices. While emphasizing the importance of traditional painting, the article also addresses the rise of digital art and the impact of technology. While explaining the relationship between art and technological advances, care has been taken to explain terms such as photographic technology, digital art, virtual art, electronic art and computer art in a more understandable way. Considering the wide range of applications of digital art, two-dimensional digital applications that can be used on tablets are analyzed. In this context, a digital art tool with a wide range of applications such as Procreate is discussed in detail, and the main features of other applications such as Adobe Fresco, ArtRage, Affinity Photo, Tayasui Sketches are also mentioned. In addition, tablet applications such as Artstudio Pro, IbisPaint X, Clip Studio and Art Set4 are briefly mentioned and their salient features are compared. The role of the graphical user interface (GUI) is emphasized when describing the image creation process associated with the use of these applications compared to traditional approaches to image making. In addition, visual examples are used to illustrate how paintings created using these applications can be evaluated in terms of content and form. In the article, the concept and practice of "Glitch Art" production, which includes all the features of digital art, is also included with examples. How the concept of "Hybrid Portraits" has turned into an artistic narrative tool is discussed in detail in terms of content and form.

THE USE OF MOVIES IN SOCIL WORK EDUCATION: THE EXAMPLE OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK

Şeniz ASLANHarun CEYLAN — 2024-08-29

Social work, which is one of the fields where the intersection between science and art is best revealed, covers the reality that exists for people and society in academic and professional terms. Cinema is one of the most important points where social work intersects with art. Because cinema is a branch of art in which people and society can be represented in many ways. Considering the cinema from a social work perspective with this feature may be beneficial in terms of social work education. In this study, which aims to analyze the relationship between social work and cinema from the axis of gerontological social work, it is discussed whether it is possible to use films that deal with the phenomenon of old age as a resource in social work education. In this context, “Can the inclusion of different representations of aging and the processing of related issues related to aging turn movies into a source for gerontological social work education and can movies be used as an educational tool?” seeking answers to questions. For this purpose, how movies can be used in social work education and their functionality are shown and exemplified through gerontological social work education.

COMPARISON OF FICTIONAL MEMORATES WITH TRADITIONAL MEMORATES

Hasan KIZILDAĞ — 2024-08-29

Memorates are narratives of individual experiences about extraordinary beings. Widely lived in oral culture, memoirs are told either directly by the person who lived them, by the person who listened to the person who lived them, or by the person who listened to the person who listened to the person who lived them. Memoirs are also in the form of memories because they are extraordinary stories that ordinary people experience. Memorates are shaped by elements that live in the collective memory and beliefs of the society by containing many religious or mythological beings. A detailed examination of memoirs reveals society’s fear, religion, tradition, and ritualistic dimensions. In this study, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Turkish Language and Literature, 4th-grade students wrote “fictional memoirs” within the framework of the “Comparative Folk Literature” course short exam and compared them with authentic memoirs in the tradition. Within the scope of the related course, the concept of memorat was explained to the students, many examples of memorats were given, and after the students were thoroughly familiar with the memorats, they were asked to write a fictional memorat. The samples collected from twenty-nine students were screened regarding their suitability for traditional memoirs, and twelve of the biographies were found to be suitable for the classic genre. The essential parts of the fictional memoranda were evaluated in the review section, and the full texts were given message appendices at the end of the study. This study showed and internalized the fictional memorats written after the traditional ones. They were compared with the real memorats, the characteristics of the rat genre, and its classic dimension.

THE VIEWS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ON FINANCIAL LITERACY

Savaş NALİNCİ — 2024-08-29

The purpose of financiall iteracy is to provide individuals with information and know ledge about financial matters, enabling them to make sound financial decisions. Financial literacy enables individuals to effectively manage their financial resources and achieve their financial goals. Skills such as saving, debt management, budgeting, and investing contribute to strengthening of personal financial health. Individuals who possess knowledge about financial products, investments, insurance, andcredit can assess risks, analyze returns and costs, and make informed decisions for the future. Financially literate individuals are more cautious and aware, protecting themselves from fraudulent investment opportunities, identity theft, and scams. Financial literacy aims not only to enhance individuals' financial well-being but also to improve the overall financial welfare of society. Financially literate individuals promote economic growth and can help reduce income inequality among families and communities.This study examines the perspectives of university students regarding financial literacy. The research reveals that university students possess knowledge of financial literacy and are familiar with basic concepts. They also demonstrate awareness of their own financial literacy status. Considering the findings as a whole, it can be argued that university students have sufficient theoretical knowledge in terms of financial literacy. The level of knowledge they possess can be associated with the concepts they consider important in financial literacy. Although most students may not have independent budgets, it can be said that they contemplate the amount of budget available to them, make financial decisions, and, if possible, develop investment plans for the future. When examining the reasons for their financial literacy or lack there of, it can be suggested that technical knowledge plays a role, while personal and characteristic traits shape their financial attitudes.

INVESTIGATION OF RURAL TOURISM POTENTIAL AND STRATEGIES OF GEORGIA ACARA REGION

Salome TSETSKHLADZEAziz Gökhan ÖZKOÇ — 2024-08-29

This study aims to evaluate and develop the rural tourism potential of the Hulo district in the Adjara Region of Georgia. Rural tourism is a type of tourism that involves relaxation in natural environments and the exploration of different cultures. In the Hulo district, tourists could discover handicrafts, local products, traditional cuisine, agricultural products, and natural accommodation options. Hulo district is one of the prosperous districts in the Adjara region and has made significant progress in terms of agricultural. economy. The region is also rich in natural and historical structures, offering great tourism potential. Over time, new forms of tourism such as rural tourism, ecotourism, and highland tourism have developed in the district and continue to grow with current plans and policies. This study is important for creating a Turkish resource regarding the rural tourism potential and development of the Hulo district. Additionally, examining the activities carried out to develop rural tourism in the Adjara Region will provide data that can support similar initiatives in Turkey. The interview technique was used to collect data for this research. Interviews were conducted with individuals working in the tourism sector in the Hulo district, consisting of 7 sections and 15 questions. The findings revealed significant efforts in developing supply resources, promoting rural tourism attractions, competition strategies, sustainability, organization, domestic tourism strategies, and security issues in the region.

PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE LEVELS OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

Zekeriya BOZTAŞÖmer Faruk TUTKUN — 2024-08-29

Psychological resilience, which enables achieving positive results in the face of difficulties, is defined as the ability to achieve positive results and maintain social competence in situations seen as high-risk (Masten, Best, & Garmezy, 1990). Psychological resilience is one of the necessary characteristics of an individual to lead a healthy life (Seligman, 2002). The aim of this study is to determine the psychological resilience levels of parents of children with special needs. The study was designed using descriptive survey method. The population of the study consists of 13350 parents of children with special needs diagnosed by the Guidance Research Centers in Izmir province in the 2022-2023 academic year. The sample consists of 618 parents who can be reached by convenience sampling method from this population. Personal Information Form and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale were used as data collection tools. Frequency distribution, arithmetic mean, t-test for independent samples and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. As a result of the study, it was determined that the psychological resilience of parents with children with special needs was at a moderate level. No significant relationship was found between the psychological resilience levels of parents with children with special needs and the variables of gender, age, gender of the child, and age of the child. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the psychological resilience levels of the parents and the variables of educational status, job status, and perceived income level. Psychological, social and economic support should be given to parents in order to increase the level of psychological resilience of families.

A MODEL PROPOSAL ON THE PROBLEM OF NOT USING THE STUDENT'S VOICE AND NOT PERFORMING SOLFEGE WITH THE RIGHT VOICES IN BEGINNING LEVEL SOLFEGE EDUCATION

Mustafa KENDÜZLERSalih AKKAŞ — 2024-08-29

The basis of music education is solfege education. For this reason, it is necessary for every student to gain the ability to do solfege. In order for solfege education to reach the intended level of success, it is important to first teach the student how to use their voice. Students who cannot use their voice encounters great difficulties in the beginner level solfege training. In order to overcome this problem encountered in the beginner level solfeggio education, students should first be given the ability to use their voice and then move on to the solfege pieces. This study was carried out to suggest a new model for the solution of the problem of not being able to use the voice of the student and not being able to do solfege with correct sounds in the beginner level solfege education. As a result of this study, it is thought that with the exercises to be prepared by taking this model suggestion into consideration, students will learn to use their voices and be able to do solfege with the right sounds.

CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION: TANGO NUEVO AS A HYBRID GENRE

İsmail Hakkı BURDURLU — 2024-08-29

Tango Nuevo is a genre focused on instrument music developed by Astor Piazzolla in the 1950s with musical ideas and approaches from different genres. This genre, which is the interaction and synthesis of traditional Tango music with Western Classical Music and Jazz Music, has had a controversial impact on the traditional tango scene in Argentina in terms of dance and music. Tango Nuevo, which presents a conflicting situation in terms of originality and cultural ownership due to its cultural and musical context, represents a musical phenomenon that has an interaction between more than one nation with the effect of globalization. Tango Nuevo, which can be seen as an example of cultural hybridization and a danceable musical form, is notable for its transnational identity. When negotiated in terms of musicology, Tango Nuevo, with its different place/space codes and practitioner community, offered a renewing dimension for traditional Tango music in the globalized world. This study aims to evaluate the transnational and hybridity scope of Tango Nuevo, and its musical formation.

MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF FEMALE SCHOOL MANAGERS ACCORDING TO TEACHERS' VIEWS

Zeynep KAZLI KOŞAN Hacı ÇİFTÇİ ,Meryem GÜR — 2024-08-29

This study aimed to reveal the opinions of teachers working in basic education institutions about the administrative skills of school principals. This study was conducted with the participation of 20 different teachers in 4 different primary schools that were selected within the borders of Gaziantep province according to the most diverse sampling method using phenomenology (case science), and the method is considered one of the purposive sampling methods. Qualitative Research Methods In this context, a code system was first established showing the total number of subjects and codes. Then information about these topics is displayed as determined by the researcher. In the context of qualitative research, the results were analyzed using word frequency analysis (MaxDicto), word cloud, and subcode partitions model. As a result of the research, a large portion of the participants stated that female managers are equipped with sufficient managerial skills, that they are very careful in their jobs, that they are particularly successful in communicating and that working with female managers is rewarding. In addition, most of the participants reported that female managers are in a more successful position than male managers in terms of technical, human and conceptual skills in many respects, and the presence of women in their work environment makes it easier for them. A few participants stated that management ability was unrelated to gender and that self-improvement was sufficient to achieve this ability. As a result, considering the opinions of the majority of the participants, a consensus was reached that there should be more female administrators in school management.

BÜYÜK VIEWS OF TEACHERS ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF NATURAL DISASTER ACHIEVEMENTS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM TO DISASTER AWARENESS

Seçim BÜYÜKÇATALBAŞMurat KURT — 2024-08-29

The importance of being ready for natural disasters, which are a part of our lives, has been clearly seen once again with the earthquake that took place in Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık on February 6, 2023. The concept of disaster awareness comes to the forefront against the reality of natural disasters. School is where disaster awareness develops from an early age. Disaster awareness in schools is provided by the achievements in the curriculum. The aim of this study is to examine the views of primary school teachers on the contribution of natural disaster achievements in the primary school curriculum to disaster awareness. Qualitative research method and case study design were used in the research. The study group of the research consists of three primary school teachers. The data obtained with the semi-structured interview form created by the researcher were evaluated with the descriptive analysis method. In line with the findings obtained, the results are listed. Primary school teachers raise awareness of disaster; They defined disaster preparedness, response to disasters, and disaster-oriented education as a precaution against disaster. According to the primary school teachers, the natural disaster achievements in the primary school curriculum; contribution by promoting the disaster, Kızılay, AFAD etc. It contributes by introducing the organizations, contributing by introducing the disaster hazard in the region and making the behavior aware of before, during and after the disaster. According to the primary school teachers, there are regulations that need to be made in order to contribute to disaster awareness. According to the regulations stated in this opinion; natural disasters should be added to the curriculum as a lesson, natural disaster achievements should be added to each grade level, more work should be done on the exercises, every teacher should be specialized in natural disasters, and natural disasters other than earthquakes should be included as learning achievements. The findings were discussed within the framework of the relevant literature and suggestions were presented.

A STUDY ON THE AVAILABILITY OF KAYSERI FOLK SONGS IN VIOLIN TRAINING

Şule ÖZKULMehmet AKPINAR — 2024-08-29

The general aim of this study is to provide the vocalization of folk songs belonging to the Kayseri region with violin at academic levels and to enable them to be used in violin education. For this purpose, Kayseri folk songs in the TRT repertoire were examined and 4 folk songs that were thought to be suitable for violin education were considered as the study group. First of all, these folk songs in the sample group were analysed in terms of musical characteristics and the possible difficulties that may be encountered in their vocalization with violin are tried to be determined. Later, a study was carried out on the study of bow techniques on folk songs and bow techniques such as detache, legato and staccato were used in the vocalization of the folk songs. In addition, some arrangements about 1st and 3rd position transitions have been made in order to create a more effective timbre in some folk songs. Descriptive research method was used in the study. Literature review was made to collect the data and reach the related folk songs. Content Analysis Model, one of the qualitative research methods, was used to analyse folk songs. Based on the research group, it has been found that Kayseri folk songs have a structure that allows the use of many bow techniques in violin performance and that some folk songs the violin education process can contribute to the teaching and reinforcement of position transitions, which is a large dimension of that process. Based on these results, some suggestions were made to give more place to Turkish folk melodies in violin education.

TRANSPORTED EDUCATION PRACTICE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND FACED PROBLEMS (ERBAA DISTRICT EXAMPLE)

Murathan ÇAKIR — 2024-08-29

The aim of this research is to determine the problems encountered in the transportation education application according to the opinions of the school administrators working at the transportation-centered secondary school level in the Erbaa district of Tokat province in the 2016-2017 academic year. This research was carried out with the qualitative research method. The research data were collected with the interview technique, which is a subgroup of the qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of 10 administrators working in schools where bussed education was implemented in the Erbaa district of Tokat province in the 2016-2017 academic year. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect data. The interview form was prepared by the researcher, expert opinion was taken before the application and a pilot study was conducted. The analysis of the data was made with the descriptive analysis method. Some research results; The reasons are that the vehicles that won the tender are insufficient, the graduation and general culture level of the drivers are not at a sufficient level, there are no suitable places in schools for the distribution and eating of the food, the company that has taken the tender does not fulfill its responsibilities in the transportation and distribution of the food.

GOSPEL OF MATTHEW: JESUS' TEACHINGS AND TRACES OF MYTHOLOGICAL THEMES

Kemal BOZKAYA — 2024-08-29

The Gospel of Matthew, when compared to other canonical Gospels, follows a thematic narrative structure. Particularly, it narrates the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus within a specific framework. In this context, the Gospel of Matthew is adorned with scenes that bring awareness to the teachings of Jesus, the ethical principles embedded in his life, and the universality of his message, emphasizing the significance of possessing the identity of a collective community. Furthermore, the Gospel of Matthew is notable for legitimizing the precepts of Judaism through its discourse and establishing an unwavering profile of Jesus in contrast to the rigid structure of the era. In this study, alongside explanations regarding the Gospel of Matthew, specific analyses will be provided under various headings such as the portrait of Jesus, the significance of the Gospels in the construction of Western society, the shaping of minds, the eschatological discourses of Jesus, and mythological foundations within the framework of the Gospels.

THE IMPORTANCE OF HISTORIC NOVELS IN HISTORY TEACHING

Soner ÇATALEmre YAĞBASANLI ,Neslihan ÇATAL ,Ayşegül YILMAZ — 2024-08-29

Education is a concept that lasts from the moment the individual opens his/her eyes to the world until his/her death, starting from the family first and then continuing at school, blending with cultural and social dimensions and staying with us throughout our lives. In summary, “Education is life itself.” We can also express it as The development and maturation of the individual is realized only through education. Along with education, the individual's thought structure and behaviors are also shaped. Based on the concept of education, historical novels have a very important place in the teaching of history subjects in Turkey, by making use of historical novels, transferring our deep-rooted history to new generations, providing effective learning gains for students, and presenting our history to the benefit of our teachers in our schools, in order to endear our history to students and provide permanent acquisition. In this study, students' thoughts and feelings about historical novels are included. In addition, the importance of using novels in history teaching is emphasized. In the light of the studies carried out in Turkey, the results show that students obtain their knowledge and acquisitions related to history mostly from novels. It is seen that historical novels are preferred by students because they are more interesting because of their empathy skills, their ability to make different interpretations of events, their learning by having fun, enriching them outside of textbooks.

LEGAL REGULATIONS IN TURKEY ON TOURISM WITH THE DISABLED A RESEARCH IN 4 AND 5 STAR CHAIN HOTELS IN ISTANBUL

Şenol ERSÖZEbru ULUCAN — 2024-08-29

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to determine the accessibility within the scope of disabled tourism and to examine the applications for the physically, visually and hearing impaired in tourism enterprises. Method: The study was examined in accordance with the situation analysis method, which is one of the qualitative analysis techniques, which is defined as examining a business or business environment over certain issues and revealing its effects and potentials. As the working group, four hotels from the domestic and foreign chain hotel groups operating in the province of Istanbul with 4 and 5 stars were determined. In the research, the data were obtained from the information files on the official and agency pages, the activity reports of the hotels and the materials for the disabled. Based on the studies in the literature, hotel reviews were carried out according to the reservation process, rooms and facilities, outdoor and common areas, food and beverage areas, elevators and parking lot classification. Findings: The findings obtained within the scope of the research are that the sample hotels generally make arrangements for the physically handicapped. Regarding the reservation process, there are no applications for the visually impaired, arrangements are made only for the physically disabled in terms of rooms and facilities, there are no studies for the visually impaired in the food and beverage areas, arrangements are made for wheelchair users in the outdoor and common areas and in the parking lot. It has been found that it is designed as suitable for the visually and hearing impaired. Originality: The study contributes to the limited literature in terms of examining 4 and 5 star hotels and accessibility policies in terms of disabled tourism.

EXAMPLES OF MINARETS AND ERZURUM IN TURKISH-ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

Tuba KARAKAYA AVCI — 2024-08-29

The minarets, which express themselves with the function of worship and were built with this function for the first time, have also become an expression of the existence of Muslims in the places where they are located. The minarets, which are considered as a monument by Muslims, have emerged with cylindrical bodies in the Asian Turkish geography, while they were shaped as squares in the Arab geography. In this framework, although the minarets continued to be built with the same purpose and function, they were influenced by the region and culture in which they were built in terms of architecture, revealing different nuances and styles depending on the form, technique and material. The decorations on the minarets have also differentiated according to the changes in the countries, and they have also become original and specialized with their number and location specific to the structure. Erzurum minarets, on the other hand, reflect the Seljuk period in terms of materials, and show the characteristics of the Ottoman period in terms of form and arrangement. XVII, which is far from the center, has a small size and a plain appearance. and XVIII. The Erzurum mosques and minarets between the 19th and 16th century are similar to each other in terms of size and style, far from the effects of the Westernization period, where more traditional structures are preserved. Due to the distance from the center, the effects of the Westernization period are not felt in Erzurum mosques and minarets except for small details. For this reason, examples of Erzurum mosques and minarets have been discussed in order to follow the basic development line.