The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2022 Issue 133

IN AZERBAIJAN, TURKISH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES CATEGORY OF THE VERB'S ACTIVE VOICE AND CAUSATIVE TYPES

Şehrabanı ALLAHVERDİYEVA — 2024-08-29

In Turkology, there are different opinions regarding the naming of active voice. Unlike other types, the active voice includes both active and passive verbs. At this point, passive verbs are only related to the subject, but in contrast, active verbs are also related to the object. This is even a active voice in linguistics.There are also researchers who divide it into 2 places according to its characteristics. Compared to other species, the active voice is older. Unlike other meaning types of the verb, the causative type is not divided into meaning types and, expressing itself in a complex way, reflects a unified semantics. Grammatical form was used for this single meaning. The grammatical forms we have mentioned: to wish, to force, to insist, to command, to request may contain the meanings during the speech process.

A CASE EXAMINATION OF BIM-BASED PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPLEMENTATIONS IN TURKEY

Rüveyda KÖMÜRLÜÇağrı ÜÇEL — 2024-08-29

The most important innovation of technology, BIM (Structure Information Modeling), aims to review its contribution to project management and its adaptation in Turkey. In 2018, the survey conducted by BIMgenius found important data and investigated the level of use and maturity of the BIM throughout Turkey. Most survey participants from design and construction companies have been identified as the biggest obstacle to the use of BIM as technically inadequate stakeholders and sub-contractors in the industry. In addition, the potential benefits of the BIM have not yet been understood by firms, and the lack of expert workforce in the BIM has emerged as the most important factors that prevent BIM adaptation. Research has been conducted on the new Istanbul Airport project and a meeting has been held with the BIM manager The most important point mentioned in this discussion is lack of technical staff and the most important condition that is the fact that Turkey does not have a BIM education infrastructure. First, it is considered that the BIM used in airport, rail system and hospital projects will soon be an essential part of the construction sector in Turkey.

ANALYSIS OF KEMALETTİN TUĞCU'S STORIES WITH THE “STORY MAPPING” METHOD

Mustafa YENİASIRBurak GÖKBULUT — 2024-08-29

Many generations, who grew up in the period until 1980, have read the stories of Tuğcu, which generally deals with the themes of pity and love in his works, and they grew up with his pessimistic works. Although the people we call middle-aged today grew up with Kemalettin Tuğcu's works in the past, there is an important part of the society who thinks that many of the books written by the author are not suitable for children today. However, the author's ability to make children love reading in general and his successful use of Turkish make him very important in Turkish children's literature. Novels and stories are literary works that consist of four basic elements: time, place, event and person, and contribute directly to the healthy development of children after school and family. For this reason, particular attention should be paid to the age group when writing works for children. An effort should be made to create realistic, not idealized, exemplary events and characters based on the world of children. The benefits of literary works for children have attracted the attention of many scientists from the past. Accordingly, the studies on the literary works in question have reached an important point until today. In this article, selected stories (My Father and Me, Mermaid, Street Dog) from Kemalettin Tuğcu, whose name is constantly discussed in Turkish children's literature, will be analyzed using the “story mapping” method. Thus, the elements that make up the texts will be determined in the most concrete way and supported by visuals, and the stories in question will gain more functionality for children.

INVESTIGATION OF JOB SATISFACTION LEVELS OF PERSONNEL WORKING IN PROTECTED CHILD CARE INSTITUTIONS

Seher ERSOY QUADİRE. Gülriz AKAROĞLU — 2024-08-29

Job satisfaction, which expresses the satisfaction of employees with their jobs, is an important concept in all occupational groups, but especially in occupations that require communication with children. In this study, it is aimed to determine the job satisfaction levels of the personnel working in institutions providing care to children in need of protection and to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and demographic characteristics in the context of social work and child development. The sample of the study consisted of 112 people determined by the cluster sampling method from the population of personnel working in protected childcare institutions affiliated to the Provincial Directorate of Family and Social Services in Konya in 2019. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used and the "general screening model" was applied in the conduct of the study. In the study, the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale developed by Weiss et al. (1967) was used to determine the job satisfaction levels of the personnel working in protected childcare institutions. Whether the scale was related to the demographic characteristics of the participants was examined by calculating the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. In the study, it was determined that the staff of the protected childcare institution were undecided about their external job satisfaction (X = 3.19), but they were satisfied with their internal job satisfaction (X = 3.67) and general job satisfaction (X = 3.43). When the job satisfaction levels of the sample group were analyzed according to their demographic characteristics; It was determined that job satisfaction increased as the age of the participants increased, their education level decreased, and the daily working hours decreased. In addition, the problems experienced by the employees in the workplace were categorized and discussed according to the internal and external job satisfaction criteria. In the light of these findings, suggestions have been developed to increase the job satisfaction of the employees in protected child care institutions, thus to protect the mental health of the children who are cared for and to ensure their safe growth.

TRANSFORMATION OF VOICE, EXPERIENCE OF WRITTEN DESIGN

Mehmet Ali MÜSTECAPLIOĞLU — 2024-08-29

The fact that a language has a different way of reading and writing (eg English), or the same (as in Turkic), leads to a number of problems, especially in the education of writing in typography. "Long distance" or "L o o o n g d i s t a n c e". How to design, write and read. The second form of writing, although more understandable in terms of the meaning of the words, is regarded as false in terms of language knowledge. Beyond writing the question, how to read it after it is designed. How to read it. The voice, the word, the visualization, the eternal bumble, the symbols are organized as a whole according to a set of rules, sufficient to be understood and perceived. Can the speech language and the writing language be designed differently from each other? What should be the "typographical design" of a novel (Typography). How to read a text is designed. Can faith books be transformed into a designer-centered structure or a reader-centered design? What should be considered when educating the candidates who will work in this area. Although the word "door squeak" in a novel's text seems adequate in terms of writing, it is given to the reader to describe or repeat it with this writing style, to create the same voice. The sound of "door squeak" varies in each culture or variety of materials used. In another example, it concerns the gaps between words. The use of dots or commas and the natural spaces created in the spoken language do not overlap with each other, their design is commonplace, and the reader is relied upon to estimate the gap that occurs when talking between two words. How many spaces or pages should the counter of the "He took a deep breath" cue should be designed. In addition, when the academic writing language is added to these, how to search for solution in design education. The discussions of linguists for the last two centuries have turned into the topic of "snake goddess", with the participation of communication designers, and left to the initiative of solution design educators. Whichever school or school is included, the training program is based on this recipe. This study is trying to solve this problem by sampling method considering the articles written on the language and the evaluations made in terms of daily use. Despite the fact that each language has its own usage rules, the design of oral and written language does not change the result of the problem as a problem in design education. As a result, we are able to perceive and understand everything around us, and it is only possible with language and its designed texts. Using a language clearly also determines our achievement in the field of design. In this context, this text will address the influences of the design education institutions, the competence of individuals in their own language and the design process.

EXAMINATION OF KIMSOOJA'S WORK IN THE CONTEXT OF MIGRATION

Ebru ALPARSLAN Feyza ÖZÇELİK — 2024-08-29

Throughout history, the phenomenon of migration has been influential in all social, political and cultural aspects of society. Art, by its nature, has been influenced by all kinds of social and social changes and developments, and has created subjects and themes with the reflections of socio-cultural effects. In this context, the artist, who produces art, has been affected by migration and all kinds of changes and developments that accompany it, and has reflected these effects on his works of art. The phenomenon of migration and its results, which have contributed significantly to many social and cultural fields in history, have gained visibility in contemporary art with various themes and phenomena. Artists presented their personal experiences from different perspectives. This study aimed to examine the effects and reflections of the concepts of migration, seen in Kimsooja's works, in line with Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guttari's "nomadic culture" and "deterritorialization" propositions about migration. In addition, it aims to analyze the existing concepts in Kimsooja's work and to help understand the relational connection of the traditional materials he uses with the concepts. In addition, this research tries to grasp how Kimsooja created a universal artistic language while dealing with the phenomenon of migration by using her cultural identity and her own traditional elements, while avoiding limitations such as marginalization and alienation. The study was carried out with literature review, descriptive and semiotic method. Kimsooja's work on the axis of migration is limited to social studies such as deterritorialization, alienation, memory/memory, memory and cultural identity. In this context, art practices were identified and the artist's approach to dealing with the phenomenon of migration was examined.

IN ARTWORKS WHERE LIGHT IS USED AS A SOURCE SEARCH FOR FORM

Halil DAŞKESEN — 2024-08-29

While the concept of light has been one of the most basic elements of religious iconography for centuries, it has also been an important research topic in philosophy. In addition to these areas, light, as a plastic element and material, is one of the most basic elements of art that directly affects both the work and the perception. For today's art, light becomes an indispensable element of a form of expression for the artist, the search for form depends on the production process, and the meaning of the work. Light, which includes the definition of beauty and activates aesthetic perception, has been considered a research subject due to its central role in works of art in terms of all these features. In this research titled “Quest for Form in Artworks Where Light Is Used as a Source”, the works of artists who keep natural and artificial light at the center of their production, reflect the approach of many ideas and art movements through light and search for geometric forms by combining the reflection of light or the light source itself with architectural elements, are examined. In this context, James Turrell and Dan Flavin, who use space as a pictorial plane or search for form with an illusory style, which is the source of light, constitute the scope of the research.

EXAMINING THE USABILITY OF GÜZELYURT POTTER 'S CLAY IN CERAMIC LINER

Nilüfer Nazende ÖZKANLI — 2024-08-29

Ceramic, with its raw material clay, which is all sorts of objects obtained by shaping with various methods, baking, glazing or not glazing, has been the material of many civilizations within the historical process. While it was originally produced functionally for containers for use and religious beliefs, it is a material of utmost importance at every stage of our lives in different structures from the ornamentation of architectural buildings to pottery and an artistic expression with the technology developing over time. The lining used to decorate ceramic surfaces is amongst the oldest decoration techniques. When the history of the linings prepared by mixing the clay with water is examined, it is observed that red linings have been used on ceramic surfaces in the Neolithic age. Pottery, one of our traditional arts, has always existed in the Anatolian lands where we live until today and reflected the culture of the region where it is produced. Güzelyurt pottery, which is the subject of this study, endeavors to continue its existence from the Chalcolithic age to the present day. According to the archaeological studies conducted in the region with the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and Istanbul University, ceramic finds are dated to the Chalcolithic age. Güzelyurt is a region where Greeks and Turks lived together before the population exchange. Pottery, which was developed by Greek masters before the population exchange, was continued by Turkish masters by learning from Greek masters at that time and traditional pottery continued following the population exchange. Today, it is applied in Güzelyurt pottery by mixing with clays taken from different regions. The clays used in Güzelyurt pottery have previously been examined for their usability as colorants in raw glaze. As a continuation of the study, in this study, experimental research has been conducted on the usability of Güzelyurt clay in ceramic linings.

VERBAL CULTURE BEARERS: TURKİSH MİNSTRELS - RUSSİAN INSTRUMENTAL POETS (АВТОРСКАЯ/БАРДОВСКАЯ ПЕСНЯ)

Ersin ÇETİNKAYA — 2024-08-29

There are cultural phenomena created by every society living in the world and shaped within the framework of their own values. These emerge as the accumulation of phenomena that occur in society and that concern humanity in every sense. These accumulations, which progress in the context of a cultural phenomenology, find their reflection both verbally and in writing. The sociological, psychological, historical and political data that concern the people living in the period is an important point in the existence of a society and people in this society as individuals. Since the human being has an opinion that can question himself and his environment since its existence, the features that make it up are also within this structure. Therefore, these features find their reflection in many artistic creations such as literature, music and painting. The Turkish minstrel tradition, whose first traces are seen in the 5th century Atilla’s era, dates back to the 16th century. century begins to talk about himself. This tradition, which has the reflections of Shamanism in its origins, takes on the characteristics of the society it belongs to and develops and becomes the voice of the period. It develops and helps many different ecole to develop in the context of this tradition. Therefore, people gain the chance to make their voices heard and express their feelings on the occasion of Turkish minstrels. By taking advantage of their own values, Turkish minstrels become the voice of their nation and their importance increases. Turkish lovers, who come across as both "author-player-singer" and "author", use platforms that can make their voices heard more effectively with the development of today's technology. Regardless of nationality, the events that concern all humanity are generally of a universal nature. Although it is not as ancient and effective as our minstrel tradition, the tradition of minstrelsy emerged and continued in the context of Russian instrumental poetry in Russia. Russian instrumental poetry, which has reached its most competent period under the modern era poet, takes its origins from ancient times, although not as in Turkish minstrelsy, and progresses by developing from the moment it emerged. As the voice of the era, Russian instrumental poetry with the features of "author-player-singer" and only "author" emerges as a way of expressing people's screams in a more artistic form. Russian instrumental poetry, which tried to exist in an informal structure at first due to the oppressive policies of the USSR period, is the verbal and musical form of the thoughts of the people under the pressure of the totalitarian rule of the period. The inability of people to express themselves under oppressive rule causes them to act together with a cultural structure whose essence is literature and music. Thus, Russian instrumental poets rise to the position of the voice of their own nation as of the period. With the disappearance of the USSR period, Russian instrumental poets, who had the chance to express themselves more easily, continued their development by taking advantage of the technological opportunities of the period, like Turkish minstrels. In this context, the tradition of minstrelsy, which is formed within the framework of universal values, in the core of each nation's own values, rises to the position of a mirror of its age and appears in an important structure in both nations. The essence of our study is to examine the minstrel tradition, which we can see in almost every nation in the world, in the context of Russian and Turkish nations, and to compare them by determining their similar and different points.

THE COMPETITION BETWEEN HUMANS AND ANIMALS IN THE BEAR BY WILLIAM FAULKNER

Erden EL — 2024-08-29

In this study, the human-animal conflict in William Faulkner's work The Bear (1942) is discussed. In the Introduction, the tradition of bear dancing is mentioned based on the personal experience of the researcher. In this personal anecdote (a bear dance that the researcher watched as a child), it is debated whether the bear's killing of its owner was an instinct or a vengeance. It is debated whether animals have feelings or not. In accordance with this situation, William Faulkner's The Bear was chosen as an example of the power struggle between man and bear. A connection is established between the concept of "Land Ethic", which was put forward as a new ethical understanding that is desired to be established between man and nature, and Faulkner's work. In the conclusion part, it is given how the nature-human relationship is realized in the work.

THE EFFECTS OF LIGHTING DESIGN ON ART PRODUCTION AND PERCEPTIONAL INTERACTION PROCESSES

Atay GERGİN — 2024-08-29

The phenomenon of light, which has the power to affect our biological clock, our perception of time in social life, our cultural codes and moreover, our physical health, has shown similar effects in the field of art, which has been fed by the characteristics of the sum of all these fields since primitive ages. Lighting setup has an important place in the process of creating the plastic expression pattern of art pieces and in the processes of perception and interpretation of the finished work by the audience. So that; One of the important determinants of the basic aesthetic orientation and feeling of the piece or narrative is the light atmosphere of the composition. The atmosphere in the visual pattern is mainly formed by the physical light structure in the environment and indirectly by the color-toning relationship. It seems to be an important requirement for all art disciplines, especially plastic fields, to have a good grasp of the physiological structure of light, the basic features of colors that emerge as a physical result of it, and all other technical and conceptual knowledge related to them. In this study, basic information in this context will be shared, through the information given and by analyzing some visual examples containing related features, the importance of the subject will be emphasized with its interest in the field of art and its effect on the process of perception and interpretation.

THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND RELIGIOUS OUTLOOKS

Yılmaz CEYLANYadigar ALUŞ — 2024-08-29

In this study, the changing and transforming religious views during the COVID-19 pandemic will be emphasized in Turkey. Religion, which affects people's lives in individual or social areas, can have different appearances and change in different times and conditions. It is possible to say that religious views differed collectively and individually during the COVID-19 pandemic. The disease, which turned from an epidemic to pandemic and alienated individuals from socialization with the slogan of stay at home, also suspended religious rituals that required collective participation. In this sense, pilgrimage, umrah, condolence and grave visits that require collective participation; time prayers, Friday, Eid and tarawih prayers are prohibited. This situation has received different reactions from many countries. Extraordinary situations and compulsory conditions have caused significant changes in the history of humanity, both individually and socially. While most of these changes were permanent, some of them could only return to the past after the normalization process. Religious views reflected in social life were also affected by this extraordinary process, like many other elements. As a result of curfews, quarantine and long-term isolation during the COVID-19 disease process, individual religious orientations and perceptions have increased, and religious appearances in the public sphere have decreased.

TURKISH FOLK MUSIC INSTRUMENT AND VOCAL PERFORMANCE STYLE: “SÜRMELI”

Burak KURUBAŞ — 2024-08-29

There are various performance and singing styles within the rich musical culture of Turkish folk music. Some of these performance styles vary according to the regions, and some show similar characteristics regardless of the region. Sürmeli folk songs, which have similar performance characteristics that do not vary much in themselves, seen in a wide geographical area that has spread throughout Turkish folk music, stand out with a special style of instrument and sound performance. In Turkish folk music, Sürmeli folk songs have a rather difficult style that requires mastery in terms of instrument and sound performance. The style of Sürmeli instrument performance includes a very important technique of tezene, which is used in bağlama performance and requires mastery. The Sürmeli sound performance style is formed by using the tezen technique on the baglama by analogy with the sound performance. The research aims to reveal that an execution technique used in Yozgat region folk songs with the name Sürmeli in cultural sense and considered as Yozgat/Sürmeli in baglama performance shows a general instrument and sound performance stylistic feature in Turkish folk music. The research aims to reveal that an execution technique used in Yozgat region folk songs with the name Sürmeli in cultural sense and considered as Yozgat/Sürmeli in baglama performance shows a general instrument and sound performance stylistic feature in Turkish folk music. In this context, 16 works registered under the name of Sürmeli or performed in the style of Sürmeli in the TRT repertoire and The work titled Tercan Hands taken from Âşık Davut Sulari were examined. In addition, it has been concluded that many master baglama performers, especially Nida Tüfekçi, have contributed to important works in the Sürmeli performing style from the past to the present.

DETERMINATION OF ECOTOURISM STRATEGIES FOR HÜSEYNİK RURAL SETTLEMENT AREA WITH SWOT METHOD

Ebru DOĞANİlkim GÜVEN ,Fatma Berfin YAMAK — 2024-08-29

Harput, which hosted many civilizations, lost its feature of being a center over time due to the political, cultural and social changes it has gone through. In the past, Hüseynik (Ulukent), a residential area connected to Harput, was affected by these changes and faced problems in preserving historical and cultural heritage and transferring it to future generations. Accordingly, Hüseynik has needed environmentalist and sustainable strategies and approaches that would keep its values alive, create new employment areas. In this sense, the concept of ecotourism, which protects natural, cultural and historical values and contributes socially and economically to the area where it is applied, may offer important opportunities to improve the current situation of Hüseynik and to meet his needs. In this context, within the scope of the study, an evaluation was made on the ecotourism potential of Hüseynik. The aim of the study is to evaluate the current ecotourism potential of the region and to determine applicable strategies at the level of local people and local governments. As a result of the comprehensive literature and field work carried out, the historical, cultural and natural texture of the region has been examined and its features that respond to the ecotourism potential have been determined. In line with the data obtained, the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the implementation of the ecotourism approach in the region were analyzed with the SWOT method. As a result of the analysis, strategies were determined for the implementation and development of ecotourism in Hüseynik.

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION OF MUSIC TEACHERS WITH PEDAGOGICAL FORMATİON ON THE CORRECT SINGING OF THE "NATIONAL ANTHEM" AND ITS TEACHING

Nail DEMİRCİOĞLU — 2024-08-29

Music teachers working in public and private schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education have the responsibility of singing and singing our national anthem for ceremonies held for certain days and weeks, as well as the responsibility of in-school music lessons. Education starts with our national anthem every Monday and closes on Friday. Our national anthem has a special importance in all aspects among the course topics and achievements. The music teacher is expected to have a good command of the methods and techniques that will enable the correct and effective singing of our national anthem starting from him. The aim of this research is to examine the correct singing and teaching of our national anthem by the music teacher candidates taking pedagogical formation. In addition to this, the situation of music graduates who take part in choirs and orchestras that are in the service of some institutions and organizations, and who receive undergraduate education other than music teaching and teach without pedagogical formation, also adds importance to this research. This study is a descriptive study, which is one of the qualitative research methods. Candidates were asked interview questions and their opinions were taken, and practice was made on the correct and effective singing, teaching and management of the national anthem. The situation was determined on the correct singing and teaching of the National Anthem in candidates who will gain the right to become a teacher by taking Pedagogical Formation training, and suggestions were made to increase their success in the schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education

MEASURES TAKEN IN THE FIELD OF TURKISH EDUCATION FOR THE SCHOOLING OF FOREIGNERS OF EDUCATIONAL AGE IN THE CIRCULARS OF THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION

Tamer OKUÇ — 2024-08-29

In this study, it is aimed to describe the measures taken in the field of Turkish education aimed at the schooling of the educational-age population from foreigners who have come to our country with a mass influx of migration, access to education, and the sustainability of their educational lives through the provisions of circulars published by the Ministry of National Education. In this context, the content analysis method was used in the process of collecting, analyzing, and generating new information from the Circulars on Educational Services for Foreign Students No. 2010/48 and 2014/21 and Circulars for Foreign Students Integration Classes No. 2019/15 and 2020/7, which regulate the measures taken for the schooling of foreigners in education age and the sustainability of their educational life since the beginning of the mass migration influx to our country. When the research is evaluated in terms of its results, it has been determined that in all circulars published on the education of foreign students, measures regarding Turkish education were taken; the newly published circulars include more detailed provisions on Turkish education with the increase in the number of immigrants and the prolongation of their stay; Turkish education has become the center of the measures taken with the implementation of adaptation classes from the date of the first migration to Turkey.

THE EFFECT OF COMMON WORDS ON READING SKILLS OF KURDISH NATIVE LANGUAGE 6TH-GRADE STUDENTS AT A1 LEVEL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TURKISH: THE EXAMPLE OF NORTHERN IRAQ

Doğan YÜCELMuhammed Ömer İPEK — 2024-08-29

By the developing technology, the communication of people with each other has become more frequent. Thus, people feel the need to learn a new foreign language. This learning takes place when students fully acquire the skills of listening, speaking, writing and reading in the target language. However, during this acquisition, some factors are effective in the learning speed of the students. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of Kurdish-Turkish common words on the reading comprehension skills of 6th grade students at A1 level in Northern Iraq Duhok Stirling School in the 2021-2022 academic year. For this purpose, a written exam consisting of two texts with and without Kurdish-Turkish common words was applied to 67 students in the 6th grade. When the answers given to the two different reading texts and 14 questions given to the students as a result of this exam were compared, it was seen that 98% of the students gave correct answers to the text questions, which are common words, and 74% of the students gave the correct answer to the reading text that did not have common words. As a result, it has been determined that Kurdish-Turkish common words affect students' reading skills positively.

ANALYSIS OF EXPORT VOLUME IN BELT AND ROAD COUNTRIES BY GRAVITY MODEL METHOD

Mehmet Ali KOÇAKOĞLU — 2024-08-29

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a strategy proposed by the People’s Republic of China in 2015. BRI is an initiative that aims to integrate countries with infrastructure investments. BRI contains six international economic corridors. These corridors reduce the distances between countries thanks to roads, ports, and infrastructure investments. In this study, we analyzed the impact of infrastructure on export in Belt & Road countries during 2000–2020 by applying the System GMM approach. The consequences show the important and positive impact of indication and sub-indications (i.e., energy, telecommunication, transport, and finance) of infrastructure on export in countries like Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.

ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS IN VISEGRAD (V4) COUNTRIES

Elif Tuğçe BOZDUMAN — 2024-08-29

In the study, the competitiveness of V4 countries was analyzed with the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Relative Export Advantage (RXA) Indices. According to the results of the RCA Index analysis, Poland has a competitive advantage in 35 product groups, Czechia has 27, Hungary has 23 and Slovakia has a competitive advantage in 20 product groups. It is seen that Poland has the most comparative advantage among the V4 countries. The RXA Index analysis results are also similar to the RCA Index. According to both indices, the number of product groups in which they have quantitative comparative advantage is the same. Although there is a competitiveness in labor and raw material intensive product groups in V4 countries, some of the product groups with high added value also have competitiveness. This is a positive situation for the export portfolio of V4 countries.

DEVELOPMENT OF ETHICAL BEHAVIOR EVALUATION SCALE FOR PARENTS HAVING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Şeyma PEHLİVANOĞLUSeda SAKARYA — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to develop the ‘’Ethical Behavior Evaluation Scale’’ for parents whose children continue preschool education. The study group of the study consisted of 207 parents with children attending preschool education between 48-66 months. The research data were collected by using the "Personal Information Form" and the "Ethical Behavior Evaluation Scale". In the process of developing the scale, an item pool containing 38 items was created in line with the literature review and scope validity studies were carried out in line with expert opinions. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the development of the scale. As a result of these analyzes, it was concluded that the final version of the scale with 3 factors and 15 items was valid and reliable. The first factor explains 18.85% of the total variance, the second factor explains 18.50%, and the third factor explains 15.33%. The total Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated as .61. As a result, a valid and reliable measurement tool has been developed that can be used to evaluate the ethical behavior of parents with children in the range of 48-66 months and attending preschool education.

THE EFFECT OF THE COVER STITCH SETTING IN THE ELECTRONIC JACQUARD ROUND KNITTING MACHINES ON THE GRAM WEIGHT AND STIFFNESS OF JACQUARD KNIT FABRICS

Arzu ARSLANBanu Hatice GÜRCÜM — 2024-08-29

Knitting is one of the techniques of creating a textile surface. The fabrics usually manufactured using electronic or mechanical round knitting machines in weft knitting, one of the methods of manufacturing knitted fabrics. Knitted fabric is a sector the areas of use of which continuously broaden and which requires manufacture of the fabrics with different structural and physical properties in line with this broadening. Knitting businesses perform fabric manufacture according to demand and do not prefer to try different fabrics. This defines a limited manufacturing area in knitting businesses and does not lead to an attempt to perform new or different things. This research aims at revealing the effect of cover stitch setting in electronic jacquard round machines with different machine thicknesses on the weight in grams and stiffness of knitted fabrics. For this purpose, the cover stitch setting in electronic jacquard round machines with machine thicknesses of 18E and 20E is taken as a variable of design and the setting was changed from the stiffest to the least stiff. Fabric sampling, square meter weight measurements and stitch stiffness determinations were performed in conformity with the relevant standards of TSE (Turkish Standards Institution) in order to reveal the effect of setting change on the weight in grams and stiffness of knitted fabrics. According to the findings obtained, it has been observed that the cover stitch setting had effect on the weight in grams and stiffness of jacquard knitted fabrics produced in different machine thicknesses.

THE LOVE OF HOME AND NATION IN THE STORIES OF ÖMER SEYFETTiN

Burak NEMUTLUEmre YERLİKAYA ,Mustafa AYDOĞAN — 2024-08-29

Ömer Seyfettin (1884-1920) is one of the leading figures of Turkish story telling. In addition to being brought up in a military family, he also served as a soldier. II. After the proclamation of the Second Constitutional Monarchy, he fulfilled his military duty in the Balkan geography, so he became a close witness of political and social conflicts. Although he lived a short life, he was in volved in important his to ricalevents. In his stories, he dealt with the subjects both at the front and behindt he front, from the Balkan Warstothe First World War. He wanted to create a national consciousness by in cluding lived events in his stories. In particular, he referred to opportunisticandutilitarian personalities who wanted to take advantage of the complexity of theperiod. According to Ömer Seyfettin, national identity is one of the most important conditions for nations to survivepermanently. II. Another aspect of the Constitutional Monarchy was that, depending on the freedom of movement it partially provided, the ground was prepared for our in tellectuals to turn to theissue of national identity. Along with all these developments, the is sue of national identity began to be expressed more loudly in various organization sand publications, and Ömer Seyfettin took an activepart in this movement. After wards, he wrote all his works from this point of view. In his works, he carried examples from the past by add ressing the strength of then ationalidentity, the determination and courage of struggle. In this study, the love of home land and nation, which is the subject in the stories of Ömer Seyfettin, who is known as the pioneer of Turkish story telling, has been examined. The period in which he lived is one of the majorelements that make up his stories. While the ideal of nationalism was both at the front and behind the front, it prepared the ground for the new Turkish state to be established after the Empire.

EFFECTIVE SCHOOL AND ELEMENTS THAT PLAY A ROLE IN EFFECTIVE SCHOOL MANAGEMENT

Özgür DENİZİrfan DENİZ ,Mehmet Zait DEMİR ,Siraç DAĞ ,Yunus ŞIK — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to distinguish effective schools from other school types and to determine what kind of features that effective schools have. The study was conducted thraugh document analysis method. In the research, accessible master's theses and articles written between 1997 and 2020 were examined. Global health problems affected the studys method choice negatively and retsrict researcher to select other kinds of research methods. According to findings, effective schools must have these gualifications to be idetified at effective: being studen-centered, having high rate of academic expectations, supporting vocational development, havingan open learning enviroment which motivate students to learn, providing in service training desely, drawing attention to participative leadership, including aster environment to educational activites. As a result, it can be said that the activity level of effective schools is shaped according to emplayees devotion working at these schools and their attemps to fulfil the responsibilities.

EXAMINING THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AND SELF EFFICACY AND CAREER ADAPTABILITY

Hatice Gözde KORKMAZ ERGÜNSerdar BOZKURT — 2024-08-29

In today's organizations, the career management of the employees and the feeling of adaptability with the career they have created has come to a very important point for the organizations. There is an opinion that an employee who feels compatible in his / her career will be more resistant to the difficulties they encounter at work, and as a result of this resilience, their belief that they can do the job by feeling competent will increase. It is though that this situation will reflect positively on organizations and increase productivity. The research examines the effects of psychological resilience (PR) and self-efficacy (SE) perceptions of individuals working in different sectors on career adaptability (CA). Within the scope of the study, a survey was conducted for white-collar employees. One hundred nine employees participated in the research. Research hypotheses were tested with multiple regression analysis. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the PR and SE perceptions of the employees positively affect CA.

A PILOT STUDY ABOUT THE INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE

Yasin ÖZDEMİRSerdar BOZKURT — 2024-08-29

The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of dynamic capabilities on firm performance. Within the scope of a pilot study, the data was collected from 85 participants in terms of using convenience sampling method. The scale for dynamic capabilities which consists of 14 items, was developed by Kump et al. (2019) and based on Teece (2007)’s taxonomy of dynamic capabilities. Moreover, the scale for firm performance was developed by Delaney and Huselid (1996) and adapted into Turkish by Boyraz (2020) with 8 items. For hypothesis testing, the regression analysis was conducted. According to results of the study, dynamic capabilities and firm performance have a significant and positive relationship. In addition, dynamic capabilities have an impact on firm performance based on the results.

IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON JOB PERFORMANCE IN DIGITAL AGE: APPLICATION TO PALESTINIANS COMPANIES

Bassam ALAFİFİ — 2024-08-29

The main purpose of this research is to examine the intellectual capital and how intellectual capital effects on job performance of the employees at Palestinian companies’ in the digital age. Specific aims included the synthesizing the prior literatures and definitions related to intellectual capital dimensions and job performance, refining conceptual definitions of the interrelationship among intellectual capital dimensions, productivity. The analytical descriptive method was used to achieve the research objectives. Questionnaires were distributed (which was44 individuals) to management in Palestinian companies. The SPSS statistical package was used to analyze the results, after analyzing the results and testing the hypotheses, it was concluded that Intellectual capital has a positive and significant impact on job performance and concluded that technology has a positive and significant impact on Intellectual capital and job performance. There were several recommendations after the study. The most important recommendation is that the future studies may include the relationship between the components of intellectual capital and job performance other personal, situational, and organizational variables in the research model in order to examine other contingent parameters that may have a role on the intellectual capital and job performance relationship.

THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC SANCTIONS IMPOSED ON TURKEY DURING THE PERIOD 1975-1978 AND THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIES

Yasser HAMAD — 2024-08-29

The defense industry sector is one of the most important and fastest growing economic sectors in the Republic of Turkey, especially in recent years. It is not only limited to the army and personnel, but the Republic of Turkey is also exporting many defense systems and military equipment to other countries. While the Turkish Republic now has a vibrant defense industry, it was not like it was now almost 45 years ago (before its military operation in Cyprus). Due to the escalation of the internal conflict in the Republic of Cyprus, Turkey sent its military forces on 20-7-1974 in order to protect the thousands of Turkish Cypriots on the island. The United States opposed the Turkish operation and imposed economic sanctions and an arms embargo on Turkey in 1975 that lasted for three years. This article by using the historical approache attempts to assess the effects of the economic sanctions represented by the US arms embargo on Turkey's defense capacity and examine how the embargo affects the development of the Turkish defense industry. The embargo had a serious impact on the Turkish economy and defense capacity because the military operation in Cyprus required military and logistical support, and Turkey at that time was dependent on the United States for many of its military supplies. Sensing the effects of economic sanctions and the arms embargo, Turkey began a program to develop its own defense industries, which is still progressing to this day. The thesis concludes that while the embargo caused problems at the time, it eventually helped Turkey create strong defense industries and become less dependent on other countries in this field.

AN INVESTIGATION OF NEYZEN ULVİ ERGUNER'S INTRODUCTION TAQSIM IN SABÂ MAQAM IN TERMS OF STYLE FEATURES

Cengiz ATLAN — 2024-08-29

Neyzen Ulvi Erguner was born on August 3, 1924 in Istanbul Fatih Sultanselim district. He is the eldest child of Süleyman Erguner (1902-1953), one of the master ney players of the 20th century (Dede). He learned to play the ney from an early age and received his first musical knowledge from his father, ney player hafiz and composer Süleyman Erguner. Ulvi Erguner is also a quartermaster. On the one hand, he successfully fulfilled his military service both at home and abroad in Korea, and on the other hand, when he had the opportunity to do his military service, he took up ney and music. He retired voluntarily in 1964 while at the rank of lieutenant colonel; He worked as an exceptional ney player at TRT Istanbul Radio and was appointed as the "Modal Monophonic Music Manager" of Istanbul Radio by the TRT General Directorate in 1967. Thus, he stopped his retirement and started to work as a permanent official again. The artistic and administrative works he made during this duty are important in terms of TRT Music History'. Ulvi Erguner has "ney performances and taksims" in TRT Istanbul and Ankara Radio archives, other private archives and digital social sharing platforms. In our study, retired Lieutenant Colonel ney player Ulvi Erguner performed the Sabâ maqam in the performance of Dede Efendi's Mevlevi Ritual, which was released by Melodi Plak company in 1963 and later published as Audio-Cd with the Kalan Music label in 1996 with the contribution of research writer Bülent Aksoy. ) taksim (notation mode transitions and structure analysis) is aimed. In addition, information about the importance and definitions of the taksim form in the historical development process has also been given in our study, and the names of the performers who have made their names known with their successful performances in the field of ney taksim since the 20th century have also been tried to be included.

TAX AND TAX POLICY ON BASIC ECONOMIC APPROACHES

Fatma AKKAŞ — 2024-08-29

One of the most important duties of the state is to provide public services in line with the expectations of the citizens. The state needs certain financial resources in order to fulfill its expected duties. Although there are various sources of income of the state, the most important source of financing is taxes. Tax is a concept with historical and social dimensions. Throughout history, the concept of tax has gained many different meanings and functions. These meanings are shaped around the tax being “voluntary” and “obligatory”. In the first and middle ages, the tax given to the state voluntarily turned into an obligatory economic value over time. At the same time, tax, which in the past was only seen as providing the necessary resources to meet public needs, is now seen as a tool used in the realization of economic, social and political goals with the changing structure of the state. In this study, our aim is to give information about the state's reason for existence, duty, what its borders should be, the role of the state in the economy, and tax and tax policies in basic economic approaches depending on the changes in the duties and functions of the State.

THE EFFECTS OF GEOGRAPHICALLY INDICATED GASTRONOMIC PRO-DUCTS ON CITY BRANDING: THE EXAMPLE OF UŞAK TARHANA

Gurkan KOKErdal ÖZER — 2024-08-29

In changing consumer preferences and increasing competition conditions, tourism; has significant economic returns. In order to get a share from the economic gain of tourism, city branding must be implemented effectively. There are many factors that affect the branding of cities. In this context, the aim of the study is that Uşak Tarhana, which is a gastronomic product with geographical indication; ıt determines the effect on uşak's branding. In order to achieve this aim, data were collected from those who visited uşak. In the analysis of the data obtained by using the questionnaire technique, t-test and one-way analysis of variance (anova) were used to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between the groups determined among the participants. The averages of the views of the visitors for all the items in the questionnaire were determined by frequency analysis. Correlation analysis was also used for the relationship between the variables of "destination branding and local gastronomy ımage" in the scale. Finally, in terms of the geographical image of the city; regression analysis was conducted to determine the effect of geographically marked Uşak Tarhana on Uşak's branding. As a result of the analysis, it has been seen that Uşak Tarhana has a 23% effect on the branding of Uşak and the direction of this effect is positive.

SECULAR HUMANISM IN GERMAN LITERATURE

Aşkım ÖĞÜT MARANGOZNurhan ULUÇ — 2024-08-29

Humanism is a movement of thought based in Ancient Greece. It first appeared in the 14th century. It started to develop during the Renaissance period in the 15th century and spread from Italy to all of Europe. According to the movement of humanism, the basis of art and literature, which is seen as a reflection of nature, is human. Tolerance and freedom of thought, which are the principles of humanism, have been important for people to live together in peace. Renaissance humanism was also nourished by Ancient Greek and Latin works. Plato's ideal of a human being balanced with body and soul is known as the human model of the Renaissance period. Literature and science were rediscovered and developed thanks to the humanism movement in the Renaissance Period. Today, humanism has a strong connection with secularism, which defends this world view. Secular humanism, which is an ideological concept, has caused radical changes in Europe. While the Renaissance led to advances in the positive sciences, philosophy, literature and education, the Reformation in the religious field provided the reorganization of Christianity and the emergence of a concrete, material, visible earthly state order instead of the divine religious state understanding. With the French Revolution, empires were destroyed and concepts such as human rights, equality, justice, freedom and democracy emerged. The break with the old and traditional, and the development of technology and industrialization gave birth to the modern age. With the Modern Age, the Enlightenment began, and the mind, individual and individualism came to the fore. Radical changes have occurred, especially in the fields of philosophy, literature and education. The Enlightenment process continues strongly today.