The Journal of Academic Social Science/Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Year 2021 Issue 121

THE FACE OF ESKISEHIR ALAADDIN MOSQUE, CHANGED BY REPAIRS (19.END CENTURY - EARLY 21ST CENTURY PHOTO ALBUM)

Erol ALTINSAPAN — 2026-07-16

Eskişehir Alaeddin Mosque is located in Eskişehir, Odunpazarı District, within the Alaaddin park. The mosque has a rectangular plan. Its beam is covered with a wooden ceiling with underlayment and a wooden dome in the middle. The last congregation place has a reinforced concrete flat ceiling. The construction epitaph of Eskişehir Alaaddin Mosque has not reached the present day. The mosque has lost its original elements with the repairs made so far. The builder of the mosque is unknown. From the date of its construction, only the base of the old minaret and the construction epitaph of the minaret dated 1268 have survived. As it is understood from this inscription, the minaret was built by Cacaoğlu Jibril, who was also a Mongolian emir. When we evaluate by looking at the photographs we have obtained, it is understood that the mosque reached the end of the 19th century in a dilapidated and unusable condition. Although the efforts for some restoration works were understood at the end of this century, it can be said that the building gained its present architecture as a result of the repairs made after the second half of the 20th century.

ANALYSIS OF MUALLİM İSMAİL HAKKI BEY'S SAZ SEMAIS WHICH RESTED ON RAST TUNE IN TERMS OF MAQAM

Harun TAŞIRÇağhan ADAR — 2026-07-16

This research is a study in which Muallim İsmail Hakkı Bey, who has excelled in both the fields of vocal and instrumental music, will examine and interpret the saz semais which rested on rast tune in terms of maqam. With this study, it is aimed to contribute to the increase of research on İsmail Hakkı Bey. The research is a descriptive research that applies the scanning model in terms of its general content, purpose and method. Preliminary information was obtained by scanning various sources related to the subject and related subjects were conveyed as they were. As a data collection tool, the instrumental works of Muallim İsmail Hakkı Bey, who are mentioned in the sampling section, in the repertoire were used. Muallim İsmail Hakkı Bey, who has an important place in Turkish Music, has many instrumental works in various maqams. In this study, saz semais whİch rested on Rast tune of Muallim İsmail Hakkı Bey were analysed in terms of mode and technique.

MUSICAL ANALYSIS OF POLYPHONIC SOLFEGES IN SOLFEGE DES SOLFEGES VOLUME 6A

Ozan BELGE — 2026-07-16

Polyphonic solfege aims to develop the skill of making music together by using basics of music. "Solfege des Solfeges Volume 6a" is a book in which melodies selected from the works of different composers are used in two voices. It is thought that the musical analysis of the solfeges in the book is important in the terms of recognized the basic elements that make up music. This study aims to determine the general features of the polyphonic solfeges in the book, to determine the polyphoni methods used in these solfeges, and to contribute to the students and teachers who studies on polyphonic solfeges. In the study, initially, the solfeges in the book "Solfege des Solfeges Volume 6a" were determined in terms of the time signatures, tempo marks, tone, pitch, articulation signs, and dynamics. Than, horizontal and vertical polyphony techniques used in solfeges in the book were analyzed. As a result of the analyzes; It has been determined that in solfeges, C major tones are used most, solfeges are mostly in 4/4 measures, mostly consonant intervals are used in terms of vertical polyphony, imitation, canon and fugue techniques are used in terms of horizontal polyphony.

WHAT DO THE HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS THINK ABOUT DISTANCE EDUCATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

Fatma KANTAŞ YILMAZHülya YÜCEL ,Ahsen ERİM ,Esin SEZGİN ,Zuhal KUNDURACILAR — 2026-07-16

With the social isolation associated with the Covid-19 disease, there has been a great change in education, with face-to-face learning being replaced by distance education. This study was planned to assess students' views as well as the advantages and disadvantages of distance education in the Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 1040 students (F=883, M=157) studying at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a state university in Istanbul participated in this study. An online survey comprising developed by the researchers used as a data collection tool. Students stated that distance education provides time and place flexibility, creates the opportunity to continue actively social life and being economical as the biggest advantages. The interruptions due to electricity or internet connection, the limitations of applying laboratories and workshops, and the weakness of student-teacher interaction were stated as the biggest disadvantages. Also the pandemic led to negative feelings such as anxiety and fear. It is important to inform the students about distance education in order to make education more effective and efficient. Additionally, education quality would improve considerably when academicians are counselled on appropriate preparation applications of distance training.

THE ANALYSIS OF QURANIC DIALOGUES THROUGH ANALYTICAL METHOD AS AMODEL

Ahmed ALDYAB — 2026-07-16

The Qur’an is lively content for all classical and modern methods, as well as a source of knowledge and wisdom. Interpreters have adapted various interpretation methods to the Qur’an since ancient times. Some of them used the descriptive research method and have started to interpret the subjects of interpretation of the Qur’an (tafser) based on the words of the Companions, narration, and hearing. As a matter of fact, these scholars have followed various narrations in the interpretation of the verse. In fact, their attitudes are considered as a sound and reliable method in verse interpretation. The follower of this method proceeds in the easy way that is not difficult and tough, what one does is mainly compilation and transmission. At the end of this process one tries to combine these words and narrations. Others have adopted the qualitative research method in the interpretation of the Qur’an. They have drawn from psychology, history, the science of space and time, sociology, and philology. Thus they have embodied their philosophical perspectives in tafser. This method is closer to dirayah tafser. One of the methods applied by those who interpret the Quran is the structural research method. This method is based on linguistic analysis of the Quran. In the modern era, some researchers have tended to the aesthetic phonetics of the words in the Qur’an and have begun to interpret the Qur’an in terms of the letter, word, and sentence phonetics. In this study, it will be focused on bringing a new method that researchers will utilize in terms of finding aesthetic aspects in the interpretation of the Qur’an. This method is based on analysis in the interpretation of words and dialogues. It is based on the analysis of dialogues in line with philological, psychological, sociological, and philosophical principles. In this method, the sentence is analyzed by dividing it into elements, and the aesthetic aspects of the verse and its meanings in terms of tafser are found out. The method is based on context and, this context is an important tool in sentence analysis. That’s why the intended goal cannot be achieved without the context in sentence analysis. Hence, the meaning and interpretation of the verse (ayah) is provided to understand.

THE ROLE OF GENERATION DIFFERENCES IN THE CHANGE, TRANSFORMATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WOMEN'S FOLK CLOTHES PROPERTIES

Leyla KAYA DURMAZFatma KOÇ — 2026-07-16

Folk costumes are the most important witnesses and best bearers of elements such as lifestyle, social and cultural structure. Especially what the pieces of the clothes developed with the past cultural accumulations of the traditional societies, the names of these clothes or their parts, how the clothes are arranged and used on the body, or by whom, when they are worn, many accumulations are subject to change and then to be forgotten. The clothes used in traditional life gain meaning with the realization of the wearing function. How to use them becomes sustainable by being passed down from generation to generation. However, with the new achievements, the loss of past values between generations causes the traces of cultural accumulation to disappear. One of the most important steps in preventing this extinction can be realized by determining the reasons for this and ensuring that necessary measures are taken. This research has been planned and carried out in order to understand, describe and interpret the effect of generation differences on the changes and transformations in the characteristics of women's folk clothing from the perspective of women actors in the region based on the example of Balıkesir province. In the research, one of the qualitative research methods, in-depth interview technique was used. The research area was determined by purposeful sampling method. Field preliminary interviews were held in 15 districts of Balıkesir province and 71 villages and neighborhoods of these districts, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 volunteer women participants, who were determined to have different cultural identities and who used, used or knew how to use women's folk clothing. In order to analyze the context of generation differences, attention was paid to the fact that these participants are from the baby boom generation, generation X and generation Y. The data of the study were obtained by recording forms, records of in-depth interviews with women participants about the changes in folk clothing, participatory observation forms and memos. The role of generational differences in the destruction, change or transformation of the folk clothing features by transferring it to another dimension has been tried to be understood. While analyzing the data, categories and themes were reached by using NVivo 12 qualitative data analysis program and by coding open, axial and selective. For the roles of generation differences in the change in women's folk clothing, the themes of "breaking with tradition", "old age and illness", "mother-mother-in-law effect", "young people do not appreciate its value", "lack of knowledge", "adaptation" have been reached.BB, X and Y generation women frequently emphasized that young people do not apply traditions, try to do what they see from their social circles, and their commitment to traditions has decreased. The aging of women and related diseases have emerged as another reason. It has been determined that women do not use or cannot use clothes due to diseases that come with old age, and that women who know how to cut, sew and decorate folk clothes can no longer do it. The decrease in the interaction of women from different generations, that is, the affection of women by the older women in their own families, the decrease in the level of listening to and respecting them, and the decrease in the transfer of cultural knowledge have been identified as a reason for the changes in folk clothing.

EDHEMÎ FROM 15TH CENTURY AZERBAIJANI FIELD POETS AND EXAMPLES FROM THEIR POETS

Fırat SEVİNÇ — 2026-07-16

The Azeri field is one of the fields where classical Turkish poetry prevails It is known that many poets who became famous in this field grew up. However, there are also unknown poets. Edhemî, one of the poets of the XV. century, is one of them. In this study, information about Edhemî's life, literary personality and divan is given. There is limited information about Edhemî in some sources. In addition, it is not clear whether this information is related to Edhemî, which we have discussed. It is understood from the linguistic features of Edhemî's divan and from an ode he wrote for Akkoyunlu Sultan Yakup that he was a poet belonging to the Azeri field. There is an existing copy of Edhemî's divan. The copy is registered at number 77 in the Şazeli Tekkesi section of the Süleymaniye Library. There are 91 gazel and 2 kaside in the copy. Edhemî, who is understood to be a gazel poet from his poems, wrote his poems in an emotional tone using mystical images. He interacts with Şeyhî, Ahmet Paşa, Mesihî and Karamanlı Nizâmî, who are among the important poets of the Ottoman field. He is close to folk culture because he includes many proverbs and idioms in his poems.

INSPIRATION FROM NATURE FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN PACKAGING DESIGN: BIOMIMICRY APPROACH

Müge CAFEROĞLU — 2026-07-16

The life cycle of a product covers the process from providing the necessary raw materials for the product to consuming the product and mixing it with nature as waste. In this context, designers design not only the product, but all stages of the life cycle of the product they design. Most of the consumables in the packaging we use lose their function when used and are thrown away. One of our problems that grows with the increasing consumption day by day is the production and disposal of a large number of packages every day and the recycling of a very small part of the packages that have the opportunity to be recycled. One of the main problems of humanity is that the natural resources that ensure the continuation of life are limited and the irreversible damage to nature caused by human interventions. The concept of biomimicry, first used by biologist Janine Benyus in her book “Nature-Inspired Innovation,” is a nature-inspired design tool to find a way to solve a human problem that nature has already solved. Biomimetic design includes inventions and designs that bring sustainable solutions, inspired by the solutions developed by nature to solve the problems that designers face with interdisciplinary cooperation. In the design process, there are few studies that take the building and construction processes of nature as a source of inspiration, taking into account the life cycle of the packaging, and research on the application forms of biomimicry in different design areas continues. The purpose of this article is to present studies on how the biomimicry approach can be used as a source of inspiration for a sustainable packaging design. In this study, a literature review on biomimicry and packaging design and sustainability was conducted. The contribution of biomimicry in packaging design and what kind of work has been done for a solution have been tried to be evaluated. Taking nature as a model in the field of graphic design; In order to bring sustainable solutions to human problems, design solutions can be developed by using the form, process and system of nature as a model. The environmental burden can be reduced through improvements in the methods used in a packaging design. It is thought that designers from any field can draw attention to the destructive aspects of production and consumption habits in the design process and create an impact, and offer solutions for the environment by researching and using environmentally friendly materials.

IN FÜRUZAN'S STORY "BENİM SİNEMALARIM" MIGRATION AND ITS EFFECTS

Bilal DEMİR — 2026-07-16

Füruzan (b. 1932), who took a place in Turkish literature with his novels and stories, is known for the new breaths he brought to the story, especially in the 1970s. Füruzan, who reflects the difference in Turkish storytelling with a realistic discourse and detailed process in the subjects he deals with, is one of the writers who stand out with his production of texts that witness a period of Turkey. Füruzan wrote the stories of the Turkey of the 1970s, the difficult years in socio-economic terms, and created a world of literature around the poor women, the drama of impoverished wealthy families, the situation of lonely women in modern cities, their children, and the stories of immigrants living abroad. His works, which reflect the traces of the difficult years he spent from his childhood to his youth, are rich in autobiographical elements. Known for Parasız Yatılı, 47'liler, the author reflected the traces of the pain he experienced in his own life in almost all of his works, therefore, while giving the atmosphere of the 1970s, he became a successful pen in both human analysis and spatial descriptions. In this study, the phenomenon of migration will be discussed by making a thematic analysis of the story "Benim Sinemalarım" in Füruzan's book titled Benim Sinemalarım. It is possible to find traces of Turkey in the 1970s in the story, in which the phenomenon of migration is handled with class problems through the Nesibe character in the story.

AN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE AND MEDIA LITERACY LEVEL

Merve ERDOĞAN — 2026-07-16

The internet, which emerged with the development of technology, has continued its development day by day. In this process, significant changes and transformations took place from traditional media to new media. Thanks to the new media, radical changes have occurred in the communication process. Easy communication from computers, tablets and mobile phones has led people to use social media for accessing information, sharing, having fun and for many reasons. Therefore, the use of social media has increased significantly. The inability to control social media, which has become a part of our lives, whose use is increasing day by day and which can be accessed by everyone, has brought along many problems such as people's inability to distinguish between virtual and reality and misdirection, disinformation. Media literacy is important for people to be aware of the messages coming from both traditional and new media. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between the social media use and media literacy levels of the participants. The research was carried out on 399 people between the ages of 18-90 residing in Çanakkale, using the random sampling technique and conducting an online survey. As a result of the study, sub-factors related to the social media usage and media literacy levels of the participants emerged. The relationship between the sub-factors obtained was examined. It has been revealed that there is a positive and moderately significant relationship between "Continuity and Competence", which are the sub-factors of the "Social Media Usage Scale" items, and "Judging, seeing the implicit messages", which is the sub-factor of the "Media Literacy Scale".

IDENTIFYING AND IMPROVING THE KNOWLEDGE DEFICITS OF INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVEN'T ENCOUNRED WITH THE JUDICIAL PROCESS ABOUT THE JUDICIAL PROCESS AND FORENSIC SOCIAL WORK

Ecem Naz NAZLIER KESERSinem Pelin TEKİN — 2026-07-16

This study was carried out based on the problem that the social work profession is not sufficiently known in the judicial process and that the clients lack information about the services provided. The aim of the research is to bring visibility to the social work profession in the forensic field, to ensure that the services provided are carried out more functionally and to facilitate the access of individuals to the services. Qualitative research design was used in the research. The research was carried out with 10 volunteers between the ages of 15-65, who were not involved in the judicial process, who were digitally literate. Purposive sampling method was used while determining the participant criteria. Participants were asked pre-evaluation questions prepared by the researchers during the pre-evaluation phase. Afterwards, the participants were given training on related topics in the online environment. In the final evaluation stage, the participants were asked the final evaluation questions again, the answers were recorded, and the answers were interpreted comparatively. MAXQDA qualitative data analysis program was used in the analysis of the data and the data were thematized under the headings of the evaluation questions. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it was seen that the participants did not have information about the place of the social work profession in the judicial system and their rights in the judicial process. After the training, the participants' lack of knowledge on forensic social work, the duties of forensic social workers and their rights in the judicial process were eliminated. All individuals from various population groups can be involved in the judicial process in any capacity. The judicial process becomes very worrying for people who have a lack of information on this subject. For this reason, training for both the clients, the society and other professional staff on issues such as the duties of forensic social workers and experts and the rights of victims is very important.

THE ANATOLIAN ROUTE OF THE GREEK CAMPAIGN OF THE PERSIAN KING XERXES I

Erdal POLAT — 2026-07-16

Many important military operations took place in the history of the Persian Empire. Among these, the Greek campaign of Xerxes I took a special place. Since Dareios I, who played an important role in the Persian Empire's reaching wide borders, died without carrying out this expedition which could be attributed to many reasons such as eliminating the danger in the west, his son Xerxes I (486-465 BC) continued his father's preparations for the war and took action to carry out the Greek campaign. According to the information we obtained from the narration of the writer Herodotus; Xerxes, who established a magnificent army, marched within the borders of Anatolia, starting from Sousa, the royal center, with this army. The king, who passed through important centers within these borders, entered Greece through Thrace with the bridge he had built in Abysos (Nara Cape). This study is about the centers that the Persian King Xerxes I may have passed while he was marching within the borders of Anatolia, and the localization of Kritalla, which is a controversial subject and considered as the gathering center of the soldiers. The study in which what Herodotos has quoted has been taken into account, is an evaluation in terms of cuneiform documents, ancient records, modern studies and archaeological data. The controversial issue, the campaign route, will be tried to be clarified in this study.

A MODERN POET IN THE VICTORIAN PERIOD: ON THOMAS HARDY AND HIS POETRY

Eren BOLAT — 2026-07-16

This study aims to examine Victorian writer and poet Thomas Hardy's understanding of poetry and how he creates his poetic identity through his unique style in his poems. Considered as a modern poet by most critics, Hardy diverges from the writers and poets of his time with the modern style and form he used. Although Hardy is a poet who made a great impression in the genre of prose and novel, his greatest passion is the poetry through which he can express himself in a more unconventional way. He is considered as one of the pioneers of modern poetry because he uses modern elements and style rather than the characteristic features of Victorian period. When we analyze Hardy's poems, we see poems composed in a pessimistic and gloomy tone where lyricism is at the forefront. Employing the subjects with fragmentation method, Hardy is able to create confusion in the mind of the reader with the ambiguity in his poems. This study aims to examine what Hardy has done in the field of poetry apart from his novelist identity and how he has created modern poems with his own unique style.

REFORMATION OF TURKISH EPIC IN TERMS OF TURKISH EDUCATION

Buse AYDIN — 2026-07-16

In this study, the importance of epic in creating national identity and the necessity of using it in the field of education were tried to be stated. The epic should be included in every level of education and training and for this, the epic forms should be changed. While the forms are being created, in each epic; In terms of the conditions of the period in which it was formed, it is thought that the language and mentality structure used should be reflected in accordance with the level of education that will be used. In the study, the connection of epic with legend, folk tale, novel, comic book, fairy tale and theater text types is emphasized. The Epic of Creation, the Epic of Alp Er Tunga, the Epic of Şu, the Epic of Oguz Kagan, the Epic of Bozkurt, The Epic of Ergenekon, the Epic of Migration, the Epic of Satuk Buğra Han, the Epic of Cengiz Khan, the Epic of Danişmend Gazi, the Epic of Köroğlu and the Epic of Sarı Saltuk in terms of theater and tale types reformulated.

THREADBARE SOLVES AND GLOBAL NARRATIVES IN TEXTILES ARE HOW THE EXHIBITION SET PEOPLE THINKING

Murat SARIGonca YAYAN — 2026-07-16

In 21st Century which is called as the transitional period of modern design, the lines of textile design has significantly broadened as in the other fields of art and artists has started to take a different approach to the materials they use in their arts. This change has helped artists to get a creative, innovative and critical perspective. The surfaces which are formed by interwoven thread layers has lead weaving come up as an unusually different artistic aspect in terms of its functions, distinctness and designs. This aspect dominates the exhibition “İplikten Çözülenler: Tekstilde Küresel Alıntılar”. In this regard, “İplikten Çözülenler: Tekstilde Küresel Alıntılar” exhibition which is held with the partnership of Ifa and Istanbul Modern displays how the artists who relates economic and social structures of globalizing world with personal stories utilise textiles in a different and complicated way. In the rsarch, Literature review and work analysis were chosen as methods. In this study, the works of 25 contemporary artists who use textiles as an artistic means of expression in their works are examined. These works include pictures, objects, videos and installations and are exhibited in Istanbul Modern, which has been in service since 2004 and is known as the first modern art museum in Turkey.

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ACCOUNTING PACKAGE PROGRAMS ON BUSINESS EFFICIENCY

Sümerya KOÇ MIZRAK — 2026-07-16

Along with the developing technology on a global scale, informatics, internet and automation-based applications are also developing in various sectors. Thanks to the accounting software programs developed with information technology, great convenience has been provided both in the accounting profession and in obtaining reliable data for businesses. In this context, in our study, it is aimed to investigate the effects, benefits and contributions of these programs to the accounting profession in the accounting profession. Our study was carried out between 15.09.2020-12.10.2020 in Antalya Region, 156 professional accounting professionals and online survey method was used to collect data. The participants were informed about the methods of application beforehand and the questionnaires consisting of multiple-choice questions were evaluated by video conference and one-on-one interview method at the determined times. In the first part of the questionnaire, there were 9 questions to determine the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of accounting professionals, and in the second part, 23 questions were included to determine the attitudes of accounting professionals to the use of technology, internet and information automation. A Likert scale was used. The data were evaluated with SPSS for Mac25.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) statistical package program and Office Excel program at 95% confidence interval, 5% significance level, and 0.05>p value was accepted as significant. According to the findings we obtained in our study; It has been determined that within the framework of applied processes in the accounting profession, the use of the internet is mostly adopted by the professionals and they think that the accounting package programs make a great contribution.

THE IMPACT OF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN AFGHANISTAN

Hamed MANSOURIShiraqa KHATAMI ,Jamaluddin JAMAL — 2026-07-16

This study seeks to assess the working capital management of commercial banks in Afghanistan. Time series data from 2012 to 2017 have been extracted from the financial statement of the banks, and descriptive statistics, financial analysis techniques and ratios, correlation analysis and regression have been used to determine how working capital affect profitability. Contrary to most previous empirical works, the findings of this study show that working capital management effectively influences the profitability of commercial banks. Equity capital growth has a significantly positive relationship with banks profitability (Return on Equity) whiles working capital, and short-term debt exhibits a significantly negative relationship with the bank’s profitability only in three banks (Azizi Bank, First Micro Finance Bank, and Maiwand Bank) and its insignificant in case of other banks.

EXECUTIVE'S PERCEPTIONS ON STRATEGIC ORIENTATION IN THE PANDEMIA PROCESS: A RESEARCH IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY

Bulent ERGANINezih Metin ÖZMUTAF — 2026-07-16

The main purpose of the research is to determine the strategic orientation framework within the scope of executive perceptions in enterprises during the pandemic process. In this framework, between May 2020 and February 2021, the questionnaire form prepared for the research was applied face-to-face and via e-mail to 102 executives from upper and middle level within the scope of 12 large-scale companies that import and export in the food industry in the Aegean Region. Within the scope of the research, it has been determined that executives pay high attention to pandemic change conditions, pandemic process conditions and pandemic strategic context. It has been determined that in the pandemic process, male executives comparing to women executives pay more attention to pandemic change conditions, pandemic process conditions and pandemic strategic context. A moderate and high level correlation has been determined within the context of pandemic change conditions, pandemic process conditions and pandemic strategic context. On the other hand, it has been determined within the framework of the perceptions of executives that the processal conditions and pandemic change conditions significantly affect the strategic context during the pandemic period.

ANALYSIS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF CORPORATE REPUTATION IN THE INSURANCE SECTOR

Gülçin GÖÇTÜRK ERCANAhmet YATKIN — 2026-07-16

The subject of this research is the concept of 'corporate reputation'. In the research, this issue has been approached within the framework of the insurance sector, which is considered to be one of the most important values, mostly operating on the basis of reputation and trust, but is generally expressed as an insecure sector. The purpose of the research was to reveal the importance of corporate reputation in the insurance sector and to determine which of the components that make up corporate reputation stand out in the eyes of consumers. For this purpose, the structured interview method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Within the scope of this method, answers were obtained from 18 participants, by easily easily accessible case sampling, in line with the predetermined reputation themes and the judgments formed accordingly. Within the framework of the themes and judgments created, objective evaluations were made within the scope of the descriptive analysis method for the answers received from the respondents under certain reputation themes, for the parts that were particularly emphasized by the respondents. The results show that the consumer's trust in the insurance company and the perception of reputation in the insurance sector, which is mostly considered to be based on trust and reputation, have been damaged by the negative experiences, and the consumer has lost his belief in both the company and the sector. When experiences are positive, reputation and trust are strengthened.

BEYOND BORDERS: UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFERENT DYNAMICS OF THE CYPRUS CONFLICT

Melodi VAR ONGEL — 2026-07-16

This article aims to engage with the intractable conflict in Cyprus and the changes in many Cypriots’ lives after the island was divided into two parts. Building on insights from political and social psychological studies, this article analyzes the Cyprus conflict durability, and the different countries’ and international organizations’ role in conflict management through nationalism and border ideologies. After focusing specifically on the conflict and the theories related to the causes of conflict, the research critically discusses the various conflict transformation approaches and tries to understand the ethnic conflicts through the lens of social identities, social belongings, and establishing inter-communal interactions. Using semi-structured interviews with people from both Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities, the research provides explanations of why the conflict is still not resolved and gives examples of how to reduce prejudice between the groups in conflict. This research derives from the urgency to highlight the importance of inter-communal contact for constructing an alternative and more collaborative future. Finally, the study investigates the new paradigm of positive peace and nonviolence where the culture of war is dismantled, learning for peace is encouraged and the geographic limits are deconstructed.

İSLAM HUKUKUNDA CEZA

Rastugo Hameed ABDULLAH — 2026-07-16

فقد جاء الاسلام بتشريع متكامل يصلح لكل زمان ومكان، فيه من الاحكام مافيه سعادة الانسان في الدنيا والاخرة, ومن تلك الاحكام التي شرعها الاسلام، تلك المنظومة المتكاملة التي تسمى العقوبات وقدشرعت لتكون رادعاً لكل من يريد الماس بامن المواطنين وراحتهم.وتنقسم العقوبات إلى ثلاثة اقسام: ( حدود ، قصاص ، تعزير ) فالحدود غقوبات مقدرة من قبل الشرع على جرائم مسيئة كقطع يد السارق وجلد الزاني غير المحصن وغيرها .أما القصاص فهي العقوبة بالقتل .أما التعزير فهي العقوبة على جرائم ليس فيه حدٌ ولا قصاص.فالتعزير هو لمن يأتي بجريمة لا حد فيها ولا كفارة كالسرقة ما دون النصاب والقذف بغير الزنا والمباشرة المحرمة من دون الفرج وغير ذلك من المعاصي التي لا حد فيها ولا كفارة، ويقوم الإمام بتعزير المجرمين وما ناب عنه، وليس لأحد أن يقوم بالتعزير غير الأب فله تعزير ابنه الصغير للتعليم، والزوج لزوجته في أمر النشوز، وتجوز في التعزير الزيادة بحسب المصلحة وحجم المعصية، وكثرتها وقلتها، وليس لها حد معين، والحاكم ضامن إذا مات المعزر بسبب إسراف الحاكم في التعزير لأن التعزير لايكون بالقتل، وقد يكون التعزير للتأديب كتعزير الوالد لولده إذا أساء، يشرع التعزير في من ينكح النصراني أو في من يطيل صلاة الجماعة أو يمسك المقتول ليقتله القاتل أو يزني بامرأة ميتة، ويجوز التعزير بالضرب والحبس والنفي وترك الكلام والتجويع والتوبيخ ، ولا يجوز التعزير بقطع الشجر ولا بتخريب البيوت أو قلع البساتين لأن فيه مفسدة، والتعزير جانب من الجوانب التي اتبعها الإسلام لمنع عود جاني إلى جريمته، فلذلك اخترت موضوع (التعزير في الفقه الإسلامي)، أسأل الله أن ينفعنا به ويقبل منا، إنه ولي ذلك والقادر على كل شيء.

EXAMINING THE ATTITUDES OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS TOWARDS MUSIC LESSONS IN TERMS OF DIFFERENT CHANGES

Ümmügülsüm AYMERGENDamla BULUT — 2026-07-16

In the research, it was aimed to examine the attitudes of middle school students towards music lessons in terms of different variables. For this purpose, the attitudes of the students who are educated at the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade levels of general, private, boarding and imam hatip secondary schools towards the music course; different situations were evaluated according to the type of school, class, gender, parental education status, taking a private music lesson, having an instrument of its own, having different classes for music lessons in school and participating in activities related to music lessons. In the research, a screening model of a descriptive nature was used. Middle school students studying in Hatay province in the universe of research; Kumlu Aktaş and Altinözü Altinkaya Secondary School, Arsuz Ascension and Defne TED College, Hassa Juniper Istanbul Stock Exchange and Reyhan Boarding District Secondary School, Kırhan Beyzid-i Bestami and Antakya Martyr Mehmet Şenol Farmer Imam Hatip Middle School, whose sample was determined by simple random sampling from Hatay province in the 2019-2020 academic year, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades. The data related to the research were collected using the "Attitude Scale for Music Lesson" developed by Özmenteş (2006). In line with the research findings, it was concluded that the attitudes of the students towards the music course differed significantly according to the type of school studied, the class studied, the gender, the parental learning status, having their own instrument, having different music classes for music lessons in the school and participating in activities related to the music lesson, and that there was no significant difference according to the variable of taking a private music lesson.

THE EXAMINATION OF POLICEMAN’S GENERAL OVERVIEW REGARDING TO EDUCATION AND TRAINER ISSUES AT POLICE VOCATIONAL SCHOOL

Veysel Murat TUGRULRıdvan KÜÇÜKALİ — 2026-07-16

Police is giving a service within all securities in urban area. Nowadays, police professions have become a contemporary conditions. Day by day crimes have been changed as attributive and quantitative as becoming very complicated in all over the world .Police is very hard working floor human piece in this explained complicated stage the high service exactions of the policeman related on qualified person who works in their department. Having over qualified police officer requires well education. Police training, apart from being part of general education, is separated from general education because of its professional nature and has its own characteristics. Priority in police training will be in line with the requirements of this profession. Modern police education aims to provide security services while benefiting from science and technology, and at the same time adhering to human values. In this respect, our country has also been working on reforming police training in recent years, but it is still a common point that there are deficiencies after the reform. In order to reveal the problems of training personnel and training policy of the Police Vocational Schools, which have an important place in police training, a questionnaire consisting of 3 sections and a total of 49 questions was applied to 84 police officers who were newly graduated from the Central District of Kırşehir Province Police Department. According to this survey, 49.4% of the participants found that their education is generally based on theoretical knowledge, and 44.6% of the participants found that the most important factor that will increase the quality of police training should be training their trainers at first. In addition, it was observed that the attitudes and behaviors of educators and administrators and the importance they attach to professional and human values are very influential in the formation of police culture, and they also need an educator who will give more relevant democratic but more efficient information about policing. The results of the survey revealed that the efficiency of the academicians coming from universities and the expert civilian educators in their fields is the last compared to the other educators, but the interest and democratic attitude of this group is at the forefront.

FRENCH PAINTER GERMAIN FABIUS BREST AND EXAMPLES OF HIS WORKS ON ISTANBUL

Mine SAĞLAM — 2026-07-16

The subject of this study is the French painter Germain Fabius Brest (1823-1900), who came to Istanbul in the mid-19th century and took part in the art scene of the city for more than three years, and his works on Istanbul. Germain Fabius Brest started his artistic career with the education he received at the Marseille Fine Arts School, and produced works that reflect the characteristics of the Romanticism movement in landscape painting with the lessons he took from the artists of the Barbizon School. The artist's trip to Istanbul in 1855 was a turning point in his art life, and he was considered among the Orientalist painters of the period, especially with his Istanbul-themed works. It is known that Germain Fabius Brest, who, as a highly productive painter, reflected the images of the Ottoman city on his canvases for many years, has many works on Istanbul. In this study, which focuses on a few selected examples from the works in question, it is aimed to evaluate the composition and the subjects that Brest created in his works depicting Istanbul in the context of 19th century Orientalist painting style.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE QUR’ANIC CENCEPTS OF NÜZUL, TANZIL, AND INZAL

Faruk TUNCER — 2026-07-16

The importance o the quran for muslims and islam is tantamount to the importance of the person of jesus christ for christians and christianity. It has been rightly observed that the Christians concept of incarnation corresponds to what one might call “illibration” in Islam. In Christianity, the divine logos becomes man. In Islam, God’s Word becomes text, a text to be recited in Arabic and to be read as an Arabic book. One can go even further and compare the Christian dogma that Christ was born of the virgin Mary with the Muslim concept of the ummiyya of the prophet Muhammad. There was no human father for Jesus, and there was no written text taken down by man which might have influenced the prophet Muhammad.