LANDSCAPE IN PAINTING AND THE LANDSCAPE UNDERSTANDING OF MATRAKÇI NASUH
RESİMDE PEYZAJ VE MATRAKÇI NASUH’UN PEYZAJ ANLAYIŞI

Author : F.Emel ERTÜRK
Number of pages : 51-65

Abstract

Landscape painting is an indispensable subject of art and the artists worked on the subject throughout the history. Nature is always a source of inspiration. Earth, sea and sky affect artists and they imitate the natural view trying to reflect their vision. Matrakçı Nasuh is a Sixteenth century’s Classical Ottoman miniature artists who worked on landscapes and cityscapes without human figures. With these miniatures, he created a different place for himself and with the subject of his works he created a new genre in his era. Proportions between figures and placement of them on the picture plane are important in painting within the need of harmony and order and it creates a problem of composition. The landscape painting, as same as the other subjects of art, the artist intent to achieve integrity in their work. This need of integrity is called composition. The purpose of this work is to examine conditions of composition and mention the importance of landscape painting in art. Moreover, from the three works of Matrakçı Nasuh which are called; Beyan-I Menazi-I Seferi Irakey, Süleymanname- Tarih-I Feth-I Şiklos and Estürgon and Üstunbelgrad, Tarih-i Sultan Beyazid, the one called Beyan-I Menazi-I Sefer-I Irakey which subjects the expedition of Iran- Iraq in 1537 were chosen to be analyzed under the concept of composition, rule of thirds, golden ratio and 1. Figure-ground relation, 2. Proximity, 3. Continuity, 4. Similarity, and 5. Completion which are the principles of Gestalt. The aim is to explore the composition style of the artist. The six miniatures examined from the Sixteenth century’s Classical Ottoman miniature artist Matrakçı Nasuh, reveals that mostly close composition was used, also the painting area was composed to fit in the rule of thirds and the golden ratio. Moreover, the examined miniatures of the artist are composed according to the basic principles of Gestalt in order to achieve integrity in the perception.

Keywords

Landscape, miniatures, Matrakçı Nasuh, Gestalt theory, composition

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