AN ANONYMOUS POETIC FORTY HADITHS
MÜELLİFİ BİLİNMEYEN MANZUM BİR KIRK HADİS

Author : İdris SÖYLEMEZ
Number of pages : 183-211

Abstract

Forty hadiths, an important literary genre within the tradition of Turkish-Islamic literature, first emerged as prose in Arabic literature in the beginning of the 2nd century. Over time, as a result of acceptance of Islam by Persians, it was possible to see forty hadiths written as prose, poetry and prose poetry. The examples of forty hadiths were seen in the field of Turkish-Islamic literature in the 14th century. The first one of them was Nehcü’l-ferâdis, which was written by Mahmud Ali. The translation of Çihl Hadis into Turkish, originally written by the famous Iranian religious scholar and literary man Mullah Abdurrahman Câmî, in the 15th century made it possible to see hundreds of works of prose, poetry and prose poetry in our literature using the style of Forty Hadiths. Considering the following hadith of Muhammad (PBUH) "Whosoever memorizes and preserves for my people forty hadith relating to his religion, Allah will resurrect him on the Day of Judgement as a jurist and religious scholar", these works found response in our literature sometimes in the form of mathnawi poetic form, sometimes in the form of quatrain, or sometimes in the couplet form via being translated and written. Following one of the seminal authors of Turkish poetry, Nevâyî, many prominent authors who have own school in his respective field in Turkish poetry, such as Fuzûlî, Usûlî, Nevîî, Hakânî and Nâbî produced numerous works in the form of forty hadiths. Books, dissertations and articles have been written on forty hadiths and examples regarding the genre have been produced from past to today. Thus, the richness of the forty hadiths literature has been revealed through new studies in our literature. Works of poets and authors are quite important in order to know and evaluate them. In other words, we would be able to know them as much as we analyze their works. Any information regarding the name and identity of the author whose work discussed in this study is not found in the work. The date 1586-87 and the name Sultan Murad found in the work present some clues regarding the period in which the author lived. Based on this, it is possible to state that the author lived in between the last half of the 16th century and the first half of the 17th centuries. The only identified manuscript of the work is found in Amasya Manuscripts Library. A mathnawi consists of 80 couplet is located in the top of the work. Subsequently, Arabic forms of hadiths and their translation to Turkish in the form of quatrain are situated. A prayer to God and a poem praising the Prophet Muhammad, both consist of 16 couplets, are located in the end of the work. This study provides translation of the concerned forty hadiths with transcription of the text and gives information about the content of the text.

Keywords

Turkish-Islamic Literature, Hadith, Forty Hadiths, Poetic Forty Hadiths.

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