COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES AND MODERN ISATION PROCESS IN TRANSTION FROM SAILINGBOATS TO STEAM TECHNOLOGY
TİCARET TARİHİNDE YELKENLİ GEMİLERDEN BUHARLI GEMİLERE GEÇİŞTE TİCARİ FAALİYETLER VE MODERNLEŞME ÇALIŞMALARI

Author : Ahmet DENİZ
Number of pages : 56-74

Abstract

This study is based on efforts of Otoman Empire modernizing the sea trade by using steam ships between 18th and 19 century. Sea trade is mostly covered by economics and likewise history of economics is influenced by politics, military and administrative issues, however it is basiclyshped by sea trade. In this perspective this study covers the history of economicy methodology by including politics, military and administrative issues which take place anda re surrounded by social and cultural facts. While the search of benefiting the sea trade was growing and the instruments to achieve it were varying and the scope of the benefits were keep widening, and rules for regulation were produced, there emerged the facts as naval societies or sea nations or even marine governments. Through out the history there were cruel competition and conflicts amongst these nations, unfortunately some lead to fierce and devastating wars.

Keywords

Ottoman Empire, Steamship, Maritime Trade, Capitulation , Naval Strategy, Sea Power.History Sea, Tra

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