@article{2016,title={EUROPEAN UNION GRANTS IN THE EASTERN BLACK SEA WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK TURKEY-EUROPEAN UNION FINANCIAL COOPERATION},abstractNode={Financial cooperation between Turkey and European Union (EU) has got long historical background. Firstly this article will summarise pre-accession supports and Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) to explain the financial mechanism of building up the capacities of the countries throughout the accession process. Then financial relations between Turkey and EU will be stated under 3 main periods (1963-1995, 1996-1999 and 1999- until now) and the last period from the 1999 Helsinki Summit will be focused to demonstrate the grant mechanism of EU to Turkey as a candidate country after 2000s. Critics of the Commission on utilizing of IPA by Turkey in Commission’s Turkey Progress reports will also be examined in this chapter. Finally this article will analyse EU grants in the Eastern Black Sea cities of Turkey which are Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin and Gümüşhane.},author={H. Kutay AYTUĞ},year={2016},journal={The Journal of Academic Social Science}}