@article{2015,title={Bitola (Manastır) Province, through the End of 19th Century and the Practices of Governor Halil Rıfat Pasha (1887-1889)},abstractNode={Bitola was one of three important cities of Macedonia. Having an area of 29.000 km2, Bitola was bordered Thessaloniki (Selanik) to the east, Kosovo (Kosova) to the north, Shkodër (İşkodra) to the northwest, Ioannina (Yanya) to the southeast and Greece to the south. Through the end of the century, Bitola consisted of five sanjaks: Manastır, Debre, Görice, İlbasan, Serfice. Total population of the province was approximately 700.000 and more than 1/3 of those were Muslims while remaining consisted of respectively Greeks, Bulgarians and other Christian groups. European states were concerning themselves with Macedonia for its complex ethnic composition. England, Russia, Austria – Hungary, Serbia and Greece opened their embassies there in Bitola province for their concern to the region. From the beginning of 19th century, several rebels broke out against Ottoman Empire in the Balkans region. Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria who gained their independences from Ottoman Empire had the aim of capturi},author={Deniz AKPINAR-- Nurettin BİROL},year={2015},journal={The Journal of Academic Social Science}}